2025
Chapter 6 Challenges and controversies; pharmacokinetics, linguistics, semantics and statistics
Shrewsbury S, Mian A, Houle T, Donoghue S, Schindler E, Dahlem M. Chapter 6 Challenges and controversies; pharmacokinetics, linguistics, semantics and statistics. 2025, 93-117. DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-443-24705-7.00006-5.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2024
Characteristics of men and women with medically diagnosed cluster headache in a national integrated healthcare system: A Veterans Health Administration cohort study
Seng E, Burish M, Fenton B, Schindler E, Zhou B, Phadke M, Skanderson M, Best R, Lipton R, Sico J. Characteristics of men and women with medically diagnosed cluster headache in a national integrated healthcare system: A Veterans Health Administration cohort study. Headache The Journal Of Head And Face Pain 2024, 64: 1273-1284. PMID: 39400858, DOI: 10.1111/head.14842.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchVeterans Health AdministrationElectronic health recordsEHR dataHealthcare systemInternational Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9Integrated healthcare systemNational integrated healthcare systemFiscal yearHospital-based systemClinic-based studyProportion of womenCompared to menLongitudinal cohort of patientsIndividual medical recordsRates of suicidal ideationCH diagnosisStratified prevalenceHealth recordsTobacco useMental healthHealth AdministrationPain diagnosisInternational ClassificationPeriod prevalenceOutpatient visitsMeningeal lymphatic vessel dysfunction driven by CGRP signaling causes migraine-like pain in mice
Thomas J, Schindler E, Gottschalk C. Meningeal lymphatic vessel dysfunction driven by CGRP signaling causes migraine-like pain in mice. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2024, 134: e182556. PMID: 39087472, PMCID: PMC11290958, DOI: 10.1172/jci182556.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBlocking CGRP signalingCGRP receptor componentsMigraine-like painCervical lymph nodesGap junction proteinPrimary headache disordersLymphatic vessel dysfunctionAcute migrainePharmacological blockadeLymph nodesHeadache disordersNeurological symptomsJunction proteinsCGRPLymphatic vesselsMeningeal lymphatic vesselsInducible knockoutVessel dysfunctionMigraineReceptor componentsHeadachePainPathophysiologyDysfunctionMicePsychotropic Drugs Reemerging as Headache Medicines
Schindler E. Psychotropic Drugs Reemerging as Headache Medicines. CNS Drugs 2024, 38: 661-670. PMID: 39037675, DOI: 10.1007/s40263-024-01107-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchManaging Cluster Headache in Patients with Medical, Psychiatric, and Surgical Comorbidities
Burish M, Guirguis A, Schindler E. Managing Cluster Headache in Patients with Medical, Psychiatric, and Surgical Comorbidities. Current Neurology And Neuroscience Reports 2024, 24: 439-452. PMID: 39017830, DOI: 10.1007/s11910-024-01362-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchW161 Differing Approaches to Investigating the Therapeutic Efficacy of Psilocybin Across Diverse Indications
Lanier R, Bogenschutz M, Schindler E, Kelmendi B, Durgin C, Ashworth J. W161 Differing Approaches to Investigating the Therapeutic Efficacy of Psilocybin Across Diverse Indications. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 2024, 260: 110862. DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.110862.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPsilocybin pulse regimen reduces cluster headache attack frequency in the blinded extension phase of a randomized controlled trial
Schindler E, Sewell R, Gottschalk C, Flynn L, Zhu Y, Pittman B, Cozzi N, D'Souza D. Psilocybin pulse regimen reduces cluster headache attack frequency in the blinded extension phase of a randomized controlled trial. Journal Of The Neurological Sciences 2024, 460: 122993. PMID: 38581739, DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2024.122993.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAttack frequencyCluster headacheCluster headache attack frequencyExtension phaseEffects of repeated treatmentReduction of attack frequencyPlacebo-controlled studyHeadache attack frequencyAdministration of psilocybinRandomized controlled trialsDouble-blindPsilocybin administrationPulse regimenAdverse eventsPulse regimensHeadache diaryTherapeutic efficacyDrug sessionsPulse administrationHeadacheStudy participantsWeeks
2023
Studying classic psychedelics for the management of headache disorders: Considerations for Veterans
Schindler E, Sico J. Studying classic psychedelics for the management of headache disorders: Considerations for Veterans. Journal Of Military Veteran And Family Health 2023, 9: 88-95. DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2023-0006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHeadache disordersCluster headacheLysergic acid diethylamideTreatment optionsBrain injuryTherapeutic effectAcid diethylamideTraumatic brain injuryConventional treatment optionsTrials of psilocybinMilitary membersPoor qualityPsychedelic drugsSummary PatientsHead traumaAvailable treatmentsHeadache managementHeadache treatmentCommon conditionHigh riskSide effectsSignificant disabilityHeadacheMore researchPoor efficacyAdapting psychedelic medicine for headache and chronic pain disorders
Schindler E, Hendricks P. Adapting psychedelic medicine for headache and chronic pain disorders. Expert Review Of Neurotherapeutics 2023, 23: 867-882. PMID: 37652000, DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2023.2246655.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChronic pain disordersPain disordersHeadache disordersChronic pain patientsRecent case reportsDifferent treatment paradigmsPsychedelic medicineSubstance use disordersMechanism of actionPain patientsChronic painCase reportClinical trialsTreatment paradigmTreatment outcomesTherapeutic effectLarge dosesUse disordersAdjunctive psychotherapyTherapeutic outcomesHeadacheBeneficial effectsSubjective effectsBranches of medicineDisordersThe Potential of Psychedelics for the Treatment of Episodic Migraine
Schindler E. The Potential of Psychedelics for the Treatment of Episodic Migraine. Current Pain And Headache Reports 2023, 27: 489-495. PMID: 37540398, DOI: 10.1007/s11916-023-01145-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEpisodic migrainePotential of psychedelicsWeekly migraine daysPsychedelic drugsMigraine daysPain intensityTransitional treatmentCluster headacheHeadache disordersPreventive effectClinical trialsSingle administrationTherapeutic effectAbortive effectMigrainePsychiatric conditionsReviewThis reviewTherapeutic agentsDrugsAdditional findingsMedicinal usePsychedelicsTreatmentPotential medicinal usePsilocybinCalcitonin Gene–Related Peptide Monoclonal Antibodies and Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Severe COVID-19 Outcomes Among Veterans With Migraine Disorder
Wang K, Fenton B, Deng Y, Anthony S, Dao V, Schindler E, Lipton R, Guirguis A, Skanderson M, Seng E, Sico J. Calcitonin Gene–Related Peptide Monoclonal Antibodies and Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Severe COVID-19 Outcomes Among Veterans With Migraine Disorder. JAMA Network Open 2023, 6: e2326371. PMID: 37523183, PMCID: PMC10391301, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.26371.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCalcitonin gene-related peptideSARS-CoV-2 infectionSevere COVID-19 outcomesCGRP mAbsMechanical ventilationSupplemental oxygenCOVID-19 outcomesSARS-CoV-2Cohort studyCGRP antagonistMAIN OUTCOMEMigraine disordersPositive SARS-CoV-2 test resultSARS-CoV-2 test resultsCOVID-19Protocol hazard ratiosRetrospective cohort studyMonoclonal antibody treatmentGene-related peptideLikelihood of hospitalizationCourse of diseasePeptide monoclonal antibodyElectronic health recordsNeuroimmune modulatorCumulative incidenceCase report: Psychedelic-induced seizures captured by intracranial electrocorticography
Blond B, Schindler E. Case report: Psychedelic-induced seizures captured by intracranial electrocorticography. Frontiers In Neurology 2023, 14: 1214969. PMID: 37456653, PMCID: PMC10343433, DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1214969.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDrug classesRight temporal lobe epilepsyDrug-induced seizuresRisk of seizuresTemporal lobe epilepsyHistory of epilepsyResponsive neurostimulation systemUnique clinical benefitsSeizure frequencyClinical benefitLobe epilepsyLarge doseDrug dosesDrug useSeizuresClassic psychedelicsIntracranial electrocorticographyNeurostimulation systemTherapeutic agentsAdverse effectsPsychedelic compoundsPsychedelic drug useClinical applicationEpilepsyRiskUnderstanding headache classification coding within the veterans health administration using ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM in fiscal years 2014–2017
Fodeh S, Fenton B, Wang R, Skanderson M, Altalib H, Kuruvilla D, Schindler E, Haskell S, Brandt C, Sico J. Understanding headache classification coding within the veterans health administration using ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM in fiscal years 2014–2017. PLOS ONE 2023, 18: e0279163. PMID: 36598881, PMCID: PMC9812322, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279163.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVeterans Health AdministrationHeadache diagnosisICD-10-CMICD-10-CM diagnosisICD-10-CM codingSpecialty care clinicsSpecific headache diagnosesICD-9-CM codingDifferent headache typesICD-9-CMRace/ethnicityHeadache comorbidityHeadache NOSPatient ageCare clinicsChronic conditionsHeadache typesProvider typeSociodemographic factorsHealth AdministrationDiagnosisTwo yearsHeadachePatientsMigraine
2022
The therapeutic potential of psychedelics
Schindler E, D'Souza D. The therapeutic potential of psychedelics. Science 2022, 378: 1051-1053. PMID: 36480624, DOI: 10.1126/science.abn5486.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchExploratory investigation of a patient‐informed low‐dose psilocybin pulse regimen in the suppression of cluster headache: Results from a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
Schindler E, Sewell R, Gottschalk C, Luddy C, Flynn L, Zhu Y, Lindsey H, Pittman B, Cozzi N, D'Souza D. Exploratory investigation of a patient‐informed low‐dose psilocybin pulse regimen in the suppression of cluster headache: Results from a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial. Headache The Journal Of Head And Face Pain 2022, 62: 1383-1394. PMID: 36416492, DOI: 10.1111/head.14420.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAttacks/weekPulse regimenCluster headachePsychotropic effectsAttack frequencyPlacebo-controlled studyPlacebo-controlled trialSerious adverse eventsEffects of psilocybinEffect sizeChronic participantsEfficacy outcomesAdverse eventsModerate effect sizeHeadache burdenHeadache disordersTherapeutic effectHeadache diaryPsilocybin administrationDrug sessionsExperimental drugsRegimenPsilocybin-containing mushroomsDefinitive studiesFinal analysisRecent advances in the diagnosis and management of cluster headache
Schindler EAD, Burish MJ. Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of cluster headache. The BMJ 2022, 376: e059577. PMID: 35296510, DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2020-059577.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCluster headacheHeadache disordersIpsilateral autonomic featuresChronic cluster headacheEpisodic cluster headachePrimary headache disordersFacial painDiagnostic delayTrigeminal neuralgiaSecondary causesTherapeutic featuresEffective treatmentUnilateral attacksHeadacheProper diagnosisNew treatmentsSuicidal ideationAutonomic featuresPainful human experiencesDisordersDiagnosisHigh rateRecent updatesTreatmentRecent advances
2021
Cluster Headache: Clinical Characteristics and Opportunities to Enhance Quality of Life
Grinberg AS, Best RD, Min KM, Schindler EAD, Koo BB, Sico JJ, Seng EK. Cluster Headache: Clinical Characteristics and Opportunities to Enhance Quality of Life. Current Pain And Headache Reports 2021, 25: 65. PMID: 34668084, DOI: 10.1007/s11916-021-00979-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsQuality of lifeCluster headacheCommon psychiatric comorbiditiesCurrent clinical carePsychological treatmentPrimary headache disordersRecent FindingsPeopleClinical characteristicsSevere painPsychiatric comorbidityDisease burdenHeadache disordersClinical careDepressive symptomsGeneral populationHeadacheSuicidal ideationAutonomic featuresBehavioral interventionsCommitment TherapyPsychological factorsTreatmentBurdenComorbiditiesPainDemoralization predicts suicidality in patients with cluster headache
Koo BB, Bayoumi A, Albanna A, Abusuliman M, Burrone L, Sico JJ, Schindler EAD. Demoralization predicts suicidality in patients with cluster headache. The Journal Of Headache And Pain 2021, 22: 28. PMID: 33879041, PMCID: PMC8056539, DOI: 10.1186/s10194-021-01241-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLifetime suicidal ideationSuicidal ideationHigh suicide riskSuicide riskControl participantsDiagnostic criteriaBrief Lifetime Depression ScaleObservational case-control studyLifetime depression historyColumbia-Suicide Severity Rating ScaleCluster headache patientsCase-control studyEdition diagnostic criteriaActive suicidal ideationStepwise logistic regressionSeverity Rating ScaleCH sufferersLittle empiric dataOrbital painCH diagnosisCluster headacheHeadache patientsHeadache disordersDepression ScaleSuicidal Behaviors QuestionnaireHeadache and Pain Multimorbidity in a National Cohort of U.S. Veterans with Cluster Headache (4889)
Koo B, Schindler E, Seng E, Ney J, Skanderson M, Wang K, Fenton B, Sico J. Headache and Pain Multimorbidity in a National Cohort of U.S. Veterans with Cluster Headache (4889). Neurology 2021, 96 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.96.15_supplement.4889.Peer-Reviewed Original Research“You will eat shoe polish if you think it would help”—Familiar and lesser‐known themes identified from mixed‐methods analysis of a cluster headache survey
Schindler EAD, Cooper V, Quine DB, Fenton BT, Wright DA, Weil MJ, Sico JJ. “You will eat shoe polish if you think it would help”—Familiar and lesser‐known themes identified from mixed‐methods analysis of a cluster headache survey. Headache The Journal Of Head And Face Pain 2021, 61: 318-328. PMID: 33502769, DOI: 10.1111/head.14063.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCluster headache patientsCluster headacheHeadache patientsExercise/physical activityVitamins/supplementsSevere painInterventional investigationDisease management approachTreatment optionsSubgroup analysisPhysical activitySide effectsPatients' thoughtsMixed-methods analysisSecondary analysisFree-text responsesHeadachePatientsIllicit substancesDisease managementAdult participantsHeadache medicine