2022
Assessment of personal inhalation and skin exposures to polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate during polyurethane fabric coating
Harari H, Bello D, Woskie S, Redlich CA. Assessment of personal inhalation and skin exposures to polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate during polyurethane fabric coating. Toxicology And Industrial Health 2022, 38: 622-635. PMID: 35694796, DOI: 10.1177/07482337221107243.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSkin exposurePersonal inhalationOccupational asthmaHypersensitivity pneumonitisContact dermatitisInitial sensitizationWork exposureArea air samplesInhalation exposureOccupational limitsLiquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometryHealth effects studiesHealth effectsPersonal airborne samplesGeometric meanChromatography-tandem mass spectrometryExposure characterizationInhalationExposureFuture studiesGreater exposureAirborne levelsSubstantial variabilityProtective measuresGeometric standard deviation
2016
Development of an Interception Glove Sampler for Skin Exposures to Aromatic Isocyanates
Harari H, Bello D, Woskie S, Redlich C. Development of an Interception Glove Sampler for Skin Exposures to Aromatic Isocyanates. Annals Of Work Exposures And Health 2016, 60: 1092-1103. PMID: 27694341, DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/mew052.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2014
Inception cohort study of workers exposed to toluene diisocyanate at a polyurethane foam factory: Initial one‐year follow‐up
Gui W, Wisnewski AV, Neamtiu I, Gurzau E, Sparer JA, Stowe MH, Liu J, Slade MD, Rusu OA, Redlich CA. Inception cohort study of workers exposed to toluene diisocyanate at a polyurethane foam factory: Initial one‐year follow‐up. American Journal Of Industrial Medicine 2014, 57: 1207-1215. PMID: 25266741, PMCID: PMC4198484, DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22385.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAir Pollutants, OccupationalAirway ObstructionAsthma, OccupationalFemaleFollow-Up StudiesForced Expiratory VolumeHumansImmunoglobulin EImmunoglobulin GLost to Follow-UpMaleMiddle AgedOccupational ExposurePolyurethanesPrevalenceProspective StudiesTime FactorsToluene 2,4-DiisocyanateVital CapacityYoung AdultConceptsAsthma symptomsIsocyanate asthmaInception cohort studyHealth effectsCurrent asthma symptomsTDI levelsFirst yearFurther longitudinal evaluationAirflow obstructionCohort studyInception cohortOccupational asthmaTDI exposureRespiratory healthSkin exposureLongitudinal evaluationAsthmaOne-yearPersonal samplingSymptomsRiskExposureFindingsFEV1Spirometry
2012
Transferability of Aliphatic Isocyanates from Recently Applied Paints to the Skin of Auto Body Shop Workers
De Vries TT, Bello D, Stowe MH, Harari H, Slade MD, Redlich CA. Transferability of Aliphatic Isocyanates from Recently Applied Paints to the Skin of Auto Body Shop Workers. Journal Of Occupational And Environmental Hygiene 2012, 9: 699-711. PMID: 23067057, DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2012.728893.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSkin exposureSkin samplesAuto body shop workersOccupational asthmaIsocyanate asthmaCommon causeSkin wipesGreater riskSkin contactPotent sensitizerInitial sampling timeShop workersPositive samplesAsthmaAuto body shopsHigh-performance liquid chromatographyExposureCross-linking chemicalsRiskGeometric meanLiquid chromatographyPrimary prevention: exposure reduction, skin exposure and respiratory protection
Heederik D, Henneberger PK, Redlich CA. Primary prevention: exposure reduction, skin exposure and respiratory protection. European Respiratory Review 2012, 21: 112-124. PMID: 22654083, PMCID: PMC9487304, DOI: 10.1183/09059180.00005111.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsOccupational asthmaPrimary preventionSkin exposureLiterature searchExposure reductionSystematic literature searchNatural rubber latex glovesEffectiveness of respiratorsOccupational exposurePrimary preventive approachAsthmaExposure eliminationWork exposureWorkplace exposuresMedical literatureLatex glovesFuture interventionsPreventive approachPreventionRespiratory protectionExposureInterventionWeak evidenceEvidenceBest optionBiomonitoring Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI) Exposure Based on Serum Levels of HDI-Specific IgG
Wisnewski AV, Stowe MH, Nerlinger A, Opare-addo P, Decamp D, Kleinsmith CR, Redlich CA. Biomonitoring Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI) Exposure Based on Serum Levels of HDI-Specific IgG. Annals Of Work Exposures And Health 2012, 56: 901-910. PMID: 22449630, PMCID: PMC3471419, DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/mes024.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPersonal protective equipmentSkin exposureExposure surveillanceSpecific serum immunoglobulin GHexamethylene diisocyanate exposureSerum IgG levelsSerum immunoglobulin GNight shift workEnzyme-linked immunosorbentAdverse health effectsAsthma historyDiisocyanate exposureIgG levelsSerum levelsIgG titersChemical allergensPPE useImmune responseRespirator useIsocyanate exposureExposure biomarkersPractical biomarkersBasic demographicsHigh titersHygiene effortsSkin symptoms in bakery and auto body shop workers: associations with exposure and respiratory symptoms
Arrandale V, Meijster T, Pronk A, Doekes G, Redlich CA, Holness DL, Heederik D. Skin symptoms in bakery and auto body shop workers: associations with exposure and respiratory symptoms. International Archives Of Occupational And Environmental Health 2012, 86: 167-175. PMID: 22411214, PMCID: PMC3555349, DOI: 10.1007/s00420-012-0760-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAuto body shop workersExposure-response relationshipRespiratory symptomsSkin symptomsItchy skinShop workersBakery workersPossible exposure-response relationshipSignificant exposure-response associationsExposure-response associationsRespiratory outcomesMean ageDry skinSkin exposureSymptomsAverage exposureStatistical significanceWheat allergensSkinExposureAssociationPrevious studiesResultsDataMethodsDataWorkers
2011
Immune sensitization to methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) resulting from skin exposure: albumin as a carrier protein connecting skin exposure to subsequent respiratory responses
Wisnewski AV, Xu L, Robinson E, Liu J, Redlich CA, Herrick CA. Immune sensitization to methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) resulting from skin exposure: albumin as a carrier protein connecting skin exposure to subsequent respiratory responses. Journal Of Occupational Medicine And Toxicology 2011, 6: 6. PMID: 21414210, PMCID: PMC3068988, DOI: 10.1186/1745-6673-6-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRespiratory tract inflammationImmune sensitizationSkin exposureMDI conjugationBronchoalveolar lavageInflammatory responseRespiratory tract exposureAirway inflammatory responseAcetone/olive oilSubsequent immune responseSpecific antibody productionDisease prevention effortsAlbumin conjugatesOccupational asthmaSerum levelsMDI exposureAsthma pathogenesisSerum IgGIntranasal deliveryImmune responseImmune sensitivityMurine modelPathogenic mechanismsInflammationAntibody production
2010
Skin Exposure and Asthma
Redlich CA. Skin Exposure and Asthma. Annals Of The American Thoracic Society 2010, 7: 134-137. PMID: 20427586, PMCID: PMC3266020, DOI: 10.1513/pats.201002-025rm.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsSkin exposureSite of sensitizationSubsequent inhalation challengeAsthma risk factorsImpair skin barrier functionFilaggrin gene mutationsSkin barrier functionAllergen entryAsthmatic responseInhalation challengeSubsequent asthmaAsthma developmentRisk factorsRespiratory tractHuman skin exposureAsthma riskSkin traumaAnimal studiesEpidemiology studiesBarrier functionEnvironmental exposuresGene mutationsProtein allergensSensitizationExposure assessment
2009
Immune Responses Triggered by Skin Exposure to the Occupational Allergen, Methylene-Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI).
Wisnewski A, Liu J, Herrick C, Redlich C. Immune Responses Triggered by Skin Exposure to the Occupational Allergen, Methylene-Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI). 2009, a1645. DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2009.179.1_meetingabstracts.a1645.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2008
Skin Exposure to Aliphatic Polyisocyanates in the Auto Body Repair and Refinishing Industry: III. A Personal Exposure Algorithm
Liu Y, Stowe MH, Bello D, Sparer J, Gore RJ, Cullen MR, Redlich CA, Woskie SR. Skin Exposure to Aliphatic Polyisocyanates in the Auto Body Repair and Refinishing Industry: III. A Personal Exposure Algorithm. Annals Of Work Exposures And Health 2008, 53: 33-40. PMID: 19011126, PMCID: PMC2638551, DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/men070.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPersonal protective equipmentSkin exposureExposure metricsAuto body shop workersExposure indexUse of PPEExposure-response relationshipJob title categoriesAuto Body RepairIsocyanate asthmaExposure algorithmSemiquantitative algorithmSkin areasProtective equipmentSuch exposureExposure dataSpearman correlationShop workersExposure indicatorsOffice workersPositive Spearman correlationAuto body shopsExposureTask-based dataWork diariesLung/skin connections in occupational lung disease
Redlich C, Herrick C. Lung/skin connections in occupational lung disease. Current Opinion In Internal Medicine 2008, 7: 215-219. DOI: 10.1097/mci.0b013e328303e3cb.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsOccupational lung diseaseLung diseaseChronic beryllium diseaseSkin exposureIsocyanate asthmaBeryllium diseaseSite of sensitizationSubsequent inhalation challengeEnvironmental lung diseaseLimited clinical studiesImpair skin barrier functionSkin barrier functionAsthmatic responseInhalation challengeRespiratory tractHuman skin exposureClinical studiesInhalation exposureRecent studiesAnimal studiesAirborne exposureDiseaseBarrier functionPersonal protective clothingProtein allergensLung/skin connections in occupational lung disease
Redlich CA, Herrick CA. Lung/skin connections in occupational lung disease. Current Opinion In Allergy And Clinical Immunology 2008, 8: 115-119. PMID: 18317018, DOI: 10.1097/aci.0b013e3282f85a31.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOccupational lung diseaseLung diseaseChronic beryllium diseaseSkin exposureIsocyanate asthmaBeryllium diseaseSite of sensitizationSubsequent inhalation challengeEnvironmental lung diseaseLimited clinical studiesImpair skin barrier functionSkin barrier functionAsthmatic responseInhalation challengeRespiratory tractHuman skin exposureClinical studiesInhalation exposureRecent studiesAnimal studiesAirborne exposureDiseaseBarrier functionPersonal protective clothingProtein allergensSkin Exposure to Aliphatic Polyisocyanates in the Auto Body Repair and Refinishing Industry: II. A Quantitative Assessment
Bello D, Redlich CA, Stowe MH, Sparer J, Woskie SR, Streicher RP, Hosgood HD, Liu Y. Skin Exposure to Aliphatic Polyisocyanates in the Auto Body Repair and Refinishing Industry: II. A Quantitative Assessment. Annals Of Work Exposures And Health 2008, 52: 117-124. PMID: 18209009, DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/mem066.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSkin exposureUnprotected skinAuto body shop workersAuto Body RepairRespiratory exposureSkin areasExposure dataShop workersSkin samplingSkinExposureWipe samplesUnpaired samplesHigh concentrationsPPEGm loadYale studyHigh levelsBody repairAsthmaMajor contributorLevelsQuantitative assessmentForearmSensitization
2007
Skin Exposure to Aliphatic Polyisocyanates in the Auto Body Repair and Refinishing Industry: A Qualitative Assessment
LIU Y, BELLO D, SPARER JA, STOWE MH, GORE RJ, WOSKIE SR, CULLEN MR, REDLICH CA. Skin Exposure to Aliphatic Polyisocyanates in the Auto Body Repair and Refinishing Industry: A Qualitative Assessment. Annals Of Work Exposures And Health 2007, 51: 429-439. PMID: 17602207, DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/mem021.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAuto body shop workersSkin exposureHigh-performance liquid chromatographyShop workersHigher positive rateAuto Body RepairPositive surface samplesPositive sample rateEpidemiologic studiesUnprotected skinRespiratory exposurePercent of samplesSensitive high-performance liquid chromatographyLatex glovesScale 0Exposure dataExposure determinantsSkin samplesQuantitative high-performance liquid chromatographyNational InstituteOccupational SafetyAuto body shopsExposureMajor determinantPositive rate
2006
Skin Exposure to Isocyanates: Reasons for Concern
Bello D, Herrick CA, Smith TJ, Woskie SR, Streicher RP, Cullen MR, Liu Y, Redlich CA. Skin Exposure to Isocyanates: Reasons for Concern. Environmental Health Perspectives 2006, 115: 328-335. PMID: 17431479, PMCID: PMC1849909, DOI: 10.1289/ehp.9557.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsSkin exposureIsocyanate asthmaSuch exposureAsthma-like responsesSubsequent inhalation challengeOccupational SafetyPersonal protective equipmentInhalation challengeOccupational asthmaSystemic sensitizationAsthmaInhalation exposureHealth AdministrationComputerized searchRespiratory exposureRelevant articlesProtective equipmentHuman literatureSkin absorptionSensitizationGoogle databasesNational InstituteLines of evidencePotential roleSufficient evidence
2002
183. Effectiveness of Decontamination Products and Nitrile Gloves in Reducing Isocyanate Skin Exposure in Auto Body Shops: A Pilot Assessment
Liu Y, Stowe M, Cullen M, Walsh F, Sparer J, Holm C, Redlich C, Woskie S, Boeniger M. 183. Effectiveness of Decontamination Products and Nitrile Gloves in Reducing Isocyanate Skin Exposure in Auto Body Shops: A Pilot Assessment. 2002, 183-183. DOI: 10.3320/1.2766105.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2001
192. Surface Contamination and Skin Exposure to Aliphatic Isocyanates in Auto Body Shops: A Quantitative Assessment
Liu Y, Stowe M, Walsh F, Sparer J, Cullen M, Holm C, Redlich C, Youngs F, Bello D, Woskie S, Boeniger M. 192. Surface Contamination and Skin Exposure to Aliphatic Isocyanates in Auto Body Shops: A Quantitative Assessment. 2001, 192-192. DOI: 10.3320/1.2765711.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2000
Qualitative assessment of isocyanate skin exposure in auto body shops: A pilot study
Liu Y, Sparer J, Woskie S, Cullen M, Chung J, Holm C, Redlich C. Qualitative assessment of isocyanate skin exposure in auto body shops: A pilot study. American Journal Of Industrial Medicine 2000, 37: 265-274. PMID: 10642416, DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(200003)37:3<265::aid-ajim4>3.0.co;2-o.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSkin exposurePersonal protective equipmentRespiratory sensitizationAuto body shopsLatex glovesProtective equipmentImportant risk factorEnvironmental surfacesRisk factorsAnimal studiesPilot studySkin protectionWorkers' skinAsthmaFrequent contactExposureSensitizationPotential relationshipSkin surfaceSkinGlovesFurther researchQualitative assessmentQualitative detectionPainting sessions