2019
Dopamine neuronal protection in the mouse Substantia nigra by GHSR is independent of electric activity
Stutz B, Nasrallah C, Nigro M, Curry D, Liu ZW, Gao XB, Elsworth JD, Mintz L, Horvath TL. Dopamine neuronal protection in the mouse Substantia nigra by GHSR is independent of electric activity. Molecular Metabolism 2019, 24: 120-138. PMID: 30833218, PMCID: PMC6531791, DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.02.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAction PotentialsAnimalsDopaminergic NeuronsGhrelinMiceMPTP PoisoningNeuroprotective AgentsPeptide FragmentsReceptors, GhrelinSubstantia NigraConceptsSN DA neuronsDA neuronsSubstantia nigraDA cellsDopamine outputNeuronal protectionNeuronal survivalParkinson's diseaseDA neuron survivalDA neuronal survivalDesigner drugs (DREADD) technologyNeuronal pacemaker activityElectrical activityMouse substantia nigraElectric activityNeuron electrical activityAnimal motor behaviorGhrelin activationGHSR activationTetrahydropyridine (MPTP) treatmentNeuroprotective factorsNeuron survivalDopamine neuronsGhrelin receptorExogenous administration
2011
Ghrelin Enhances Olfactory Sensitivity and Exploratory Sniffing in Rodents and Humans
Tong J, Mannea E, Aimé P, Pfluger PT, Yi CX, Castaneda TR, Davis HW, Ren X, Pixley S, Benoit S, Julliard K, Woods SC, Horvath TL, Sleeman MM, D'Alessio D, Obici S, Frank R, Tschöp MH. Ghrelin Enhances Olfactory Sensitivity and Exploratory Sniffing in Rodents and Humans. Journal Of Neuroscience 2011, 31: 5841-5846. PMID: 21490225, PMCID: PMC3089941, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.5680-10.2011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExploratory sniffingAppetite-stimulating hormone ghrelinOlfactory sensitivityOverall functionGhrelin infusionIntracerebroventricular ghrelinGhrelin receptorHormone ghrelinSaline infusionOlfactory functionNeuroendocrine circuitsGhrelinUnderlying neural mechanismsEnergy homeostasisOdor detectionOlfactory processingOlfactory circuitFood seekingNeural mechanismsSniff magnitudeInfusionNovel roleOlfactory detectionSniffingSpecific effects
2009
Ghrelin Promotes and Protects Nigrostriatal Dopamine Function via a UCP2-Dependent Mitochondrial Mechanism
Andrews ZB, Erion D, Beiler R, Liu ZW, Abizaid A, Zigman J, Elsworth JD, Savitt JM, DiMarchi R, Tschöp M, Roth RH, Gao XB, Horvath TL. Ghrelin Promotes and Protects Nigrostriatal Dopamine Function via a UCP2-Dependent Mitochondrial Mechanism. Journal Of Neuroscience 2009, 29: 14057-14065. PMID: 19906954, PMCID: PMC2845822, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3890-09.2009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDA cell lossNigrostriatal dopamine functionParkinson's diseaseDopamine functionCell lossSubstantia nigra pars compactaSNpc DA neuronsStriatal dopamine levelsStriatal dopamine lossExogenous ghrelin administrationLoss of appetiteDopamine cell degenerationNovel therapeutic strategiesMitochondrial mechanismsTyrosine hydroxylase mRNAReactive oxygen species productionMPTP treatmentPeripheral ghrelinSNpc cellsTetrahydropyridine (MPTP) treatmentDA neuronsDopamine lossGhrelin administrationPars compactaCatecholaminergic neuronsReduced anticipatory locomotor responses to scheduled meals in ghrelin receptor deficient mice
Blum ID, Patterson Z, Khazall R, Lamont EW, Sleeman MW, Horvath TL, Abizaid A. Reduced anticipatory locomotor responses to scheduled meals in ghrelin receptor deficient mice. Neuroscience 2009, 164: 351-359. PMID: 19666088, PMCID: PMC2996828, DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.08.009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAnticipatory locomotor activityGHSR KO miceLocomotor activityKO miceGhrelin receptor deficient miceReceptor-deficient miceFeeding scheduleFos expression patternsWild-type littermatesRestricted feeding scheduleGhrelin receptor geneGhrelin injectionOrexigenic hormoneFos immunoreactivityHypothalamic nucleiDeficient miceLocomotor responseGhrelinH dailyMiceReceptor geneMealH patternTargeted mutationsBehavioral measures
2007
Simultaneous deletion of ghrelin and its receptor increases motor activity and energy expenditure
Pfluger PT, Kirchner H, Günnel S, Schrott B, Perez-Tilve D, Fu S, Benoit SC, Horvath T, Joost HG, Wortley KE, Sleeman MW, Tschöp M. Simultaneous deletion of ghrelin and its receptor increases motor activity and energy expenditure. AJP Gastrointestinal And Liver Physiology 2007, 294: g610-g618. PMID: 18048479, DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00321.2007.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAllelesAnimalsAnthropometryBlood GlucoseBody CompositionBody TemperatureBody WeightEatingEnergy MetabolismGene DeletionGenotypeGhrelinGlucose Tolerance TestInsulin ResistanceLigandsLipidsMiceMice, KnockoutMotor ActivityReceptors, GhrelinReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRNA, MessengerConceptsFood intakeSimultaneous deletionStandard dietHigh-fat diet-induced obesityMotor activityWild-type control miceFirst mouse mutantsMetabolic phenotypeDiet-induced obesityEnergy metabolism phenotypesEnergy expenditureGene-deficient miceKnockout mice exhibitSingle gene-deficient miceSame genetic backgroundMost speciesWT miceControl miceStandard chowMolecular controlBody adiposityBiological roleLean massMouse mutantsMeal patterns
2006
Ghrelin modulates the activity and synaptic input organization of midbrain dopamine neurons while promoting appetite
Abizaid A, Liu ZW, Andrews ZB, Shanabrough M, Borok E, Elsworth JD, Roth RH, Sleeman MW, Picciotto MR, Tschöp MH, Gao XB, Horvath TL. Ghrelin modulates the activity and synaptic input organization of midbrain dopamine neurons while promoting appetite. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2006, 116: 3229-3239. PMID: 17060947, PMCID: PMC1618869, DOI: 10.1172/jci29867.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAction PotentialsAnimalsAppetiteDopamineFluorescent Antibody TechniqueGhrelinMaleMesencephalonMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutNeuronsNucleus AccumbensPatch-Clamp TechniquesPeptide HormonesRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyReceptors, GhrelinReceptors, G-Protein-CoupledTime FactorsVentral Tegmental AreaConceptsVentral tegmental areaGHSR-deficient miceGHSR-dependent mannerGut hormone ghrelinDopamine neuronal activityMidbrain dopamine neuronsMesolimbic reward circuitrySynaptic input organizationPeripheral ghrelinRebound feedingVTA administrationOrexigenic effectDopamine turnoverGHSR antagonistDopamine neuronsHypothalamic centersTegmental areaHormone ghrelinNucleus accumbensGhrelinNeuronal activitySynapse formationReward circuitryInput organizationFeeding schedule
2005
A Novel Growth Hormone Secretagogue-1a Receptor Antagonist That Blocks Ghrelin-Induced Growth Hormone Secretion but Induces Increased Body Weight Gain
Halem HA, Taylor JE, Dong JZ, Shen Y, Datta R, Abizaid A, Diano S, Horvath TL, Culler MD. A Novel Growth Hormone Secretagogue-1a Receptor Antagonist That Blocks Ghrelin-Induced Growth Hormone Secretion but Induces Increased Body Weight Gain. Neuroendocrinology 2005, 81: 339-349. PMID: 16210868, DOI: 10.1159/000088796.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsArea Under CurveBehavior, AnimalBinding, CompetitiveBody WeightBrainCell CountCHO CellsCricetinaeCricetulusDose-Response Relationship, DrugDrug InteractionsFeeding BehaviorGhrelinGrowth HormoneHumansImmunohistochemistryIodine IsotopesMaleOncogene Proteins v-fosPeptide HormonesRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyReceptors, GhrelinReceptors, G-Protein-CoupledTime FactorsConceptsDorsal medial hypothalamusGHS-1a receptorGrowth hormone secretionBIM-28163Fos-IRWeight gainGH secretionHormone secretionGrowth hormone secretagogue 1a receptorAntagonist of ghrelinMedial arcuate nucleusAction of ghrelinFos protein immunoreactivityAnti-obesity strategiesBody weight gainGhrelin activationConcomitant administrationGhrelin actionMedial hypothalamusArcuate nucleusReceptor antagonistGhrelin receptorFood intakeProtein immunoreactivityHuman ghrelin
2004
Novel analogs of ghrelin: physiological and clinical implications
Halem H, Taylor J, Dong J, Shen Y, Datta R, Abizaid A, Diano S, Horvath T, Zizzari P, Bluet-Pajot M, Epelbaum J, Culler M. Novel analogs of ghrelin: physiological and clinical implications. European Journal Of Endocrinology 2004, 151: s71-s75. PMID: 15339248, DOI: 10.1530/eje.0.151s071.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsEatingGhrelinGrowth HormoneHumansMalePeptide HormonesRatsReceptors, GhrelinReceptors, G-Protein-CoupledWeight GainConceptsBIM-28163GH secretionGHS receptorWeight gainNeuronal activationGrowth hormone secretagogue receptorAntagonist of ghrelinAction of ghrelinNormal GH secretionRole of ghrelinStimulation of feedingActivity of ghrelinPotential therapeutic benefitAnalogues of ghrelinNative ghrelinEndogenous ghrelinGhrelin actionGH levelsHypothalamic GHHypothalamic sitesSecretagogue receptorGhrelin receptorFood intakeNormal ratsGhrelin analogs
2003
Ghrelin as a potential anti-obesity target.
Horvath TL, Castañeda T, Tang-Christensen M, Pagotto U, Tschöp MH. Ghrelin as a potential anti-obesity target. Current Pharmaceutical Design 2003, 9: 1383-95. PMID: 12769730, DOI: 10.2174/1381612033454748.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPositive energy balancePotential anti-obesity targetEndogenous growth hormone secretagogueEffective pharmacological treatmentAnti-obesity targetGrowth hormone secretagoguesNumerous target tissuesPeptide hormone ghrelinGhrelin antagonistGhrelin actionPharmacological treatmentHormone ghrelinFood intakeHormone secretagoguesPharmacological approachesGhrelinPleiotropic hormoneFat oxidationNeuroendocrine regulationCompensatory mechanismsEnergy homeostasisBlood streamTarget tissuesExact mechanismObesity