2023
The correlation of ESR1 genetic aberrations with estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor status in metastatic and primary estrogen receptor-positive breast carcinomas
Moreira-Dinzey J, Zhan H, Rozenblit M, Krishnamurti U, Harigopal M, Zhong M, Liang Y. The correlation of ESR1 genetic aberrations with estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor status in metastatic and primary estrogen receptor-positive breast carcinomas. Human Pathology 2023, 137: 56-62. PMID: 37127079, DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2023.04.017.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsBiomarkers, TumorBreast NeoplasmsEstrogen Receptor alphaFemaleHumansReceptors, EstrogenReceptors, ProgesteroneConceptsMetastatic tumorsBreast carcinomaGenetic aberrationsPR statusPrimary tumorBreast cancerControl groupER/PR statusEstrogen receptor-positive breast carcinomasER-positive breast cancerER positivity rateMetastatic breast cancerProgesterone receptor statusMetastatic breast carcinomaMore liver metastasesPrimary breast carcinomaWild-type groupEstrogen receptor 1 geneReceptor 1 geneWild-type controlsLiver metastasesReceptor statusClinicopathological featuresER expressionControl tumorsMulti-institutional Assessment of Pathologist Scoring HER2 Immunohistochemistry
Robbins C, Fernandez A, Han G, Wong S, Harigopal M, Podoll M, Singh K, Ly A, Kuba M, Wen H, Sanders M, Brock J, Wei S, Fadare O, Hanley K, Jorns J, Snir O, Yoon E, Rabe K, Soong T, Reisenbichler E, Rimm D. Multi-institutional Assessment of Pathologist Scoring HER2 Immunohistochemistry. Modern Pathology 2023, 36: 100032. PMID: 36788069, PMCID: PMC10278086, DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2022.100032.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOverall percent agreementHuman epidermal growth factor 2HER2 IHCReal-world settingEpidermal growth factor 2HER2-negative statusBreast cancer biopsiesCompanion diagnostic testsMulti-institutional assessmentGrowth factor 2Breast cancerImmunohistochemistry assaysCancer biopsiesHER2 immunohistochemistryPathologist concordanceIHCClinical standardsPercent agreementDiagnostic testsSubstantial discordanceERBB2 geneInterrater reliabilityPathologistsFactor 2Concordance
2022
AMACR Expression is a Potential Diagnostic Marker in Apocrine Lesions of Breast, and is Associated with High Histologic Grade and Lymph Node Metastases in Some Invasive Apocrine Breast Cancers
Lerner G, Tang H, Singh K, Golestani R, St Claire S, Humphrey P, Lannin D, Janostiak R, Harigopal M. AMACR Expression is a Potential Diagnostic Marker in Apocrine Lesions of Breast, and is Associated with High Histologic Grade and Lymph Node Metastases in Some Invasive Apocrine Breast Cancers. Clinical Breast Cancer 2022, 23: 199-210. PMID: 36577560, DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2022.11.012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInvasive ductal carcinomaTriple-negative breast cancerHigh histologic gradeApocrine differentiationAMACR expressionEstrogen receptorApocrine DCISER-/PRHistologic gradeProgesterone receptorApocrine featuresBreast cancerHuman epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) statusLack of ERDistant metastasis-free survivalDiagnostic markerInitial N stageLack estrogen receptorApocrine breast cancerLymph node metastasisNegative breast cancerAndrogen receptor mRNACoA racemase expressionBenign breast tissueBreast cancer cohortPD-L1 protein expression in relation to recurrence score values in early-stage ER + breast cancer
Rozenblit M, Blenman K, Harigopal M, Reisenbichler E, Singh K, Qing T, Ibrahim E, Ramkissoon S, Asmelash S, Lin HK, Roberts M, Ross J, Huang RSP, Pusztai L. PD-L1 protein expression in relation to recurrence score values in early-stage ER + breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research And Treatment 2022, 196: 221-227. PMID: 36028784, DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06712-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsB7-H1 AntigenBiomarkers, TumorBreast NeoplasmsFemaleHumansLymphocyte CountLymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingPrognosisConceptsPD-L1 positivityPD-L1 protein expressionPD-L1 expressionGrade 3 cancersPD-L1TIL scoreTumor gradeMultivariate analysisHigher PD-L1 positivityTumor-infiltrating lymphocyte countsConclusionPD-L1 expressionProtein expressionPD-L1 immunohistochemistryChi-square testResultsPD-L1T1 cancersLymphocyte countT3 tumorsIndependent predictorsTumor sizeLarge tumorsPositivity rateCell positivityBreast cancerGrade 2Evaluation of TRPS1 Expression in Pleural Effusion Cytology Specimens With Metastatic Breast Carcinoma
Wang M, Stendahl K, Cai G, Adeniran A, Harigopal M, Gilani SM. Evaluation of TRPS1 Expression in Pleural Effusion Cytology Specimens With Metastatic Breast Carcinoma. American Journal Of Clinical Pathology 2022, 158: 416-425. PMID: 35760555, DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqac066.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTrichorhinophalangeal syndrome type 1Breast originMetastatic carcinomaTRPS1 expressionBreast primaryBreast carcinomaPrimary siteMC casesMetastatic breast carcinomaSquamous cell carcinomaPleural effusion cytologySyndrome type 1Cell block materialStrong nuclear expressionEffusion cytology specimensCell carcinomaUrothelial carcinomaIHC panelMalignant melanomaLung adenocarcinomaIHC stainingPositive stainingCytology specimensCarcinomaEffusion cytologyCytomorphologic features of SMARCA4‐deficient non–small cell lung carcinoma and correlation with immunohistochemical and molecular features
Sun T, Gilani SM, Podany P, Harigopal M, Zhong M, Wang H. Cytomorphologic features of SMARCA4‐deficient non–small cell lung carcinoma and correlation with immunohistochemical and molecular features. Cancer Cytopathology 2022, 130: 620-629. PMID: 35468657, DOI: 10.1002/cncy.22581.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNon-small cell lung carcinomaCell lung carcinomaCytomorphologic featuresLung carcinomaExtensive antibody panelHigh-grade featuresCommon cytologic featuresDifferent anatomic sitesVariable expressionMajority of casesSquamoid featuresCo-mutated genesUndifferentiated carcinomaImmunohistochemical profileGlandular featuresPapillary architectureAnatomic sitesCytologic featuresAggressive carcinomasClinical informationAntibody panelEpithelial markersScant cytoplasmCarcinomaNuclear enlargement
2021
Apocrine Breast Cancer: Unique Features of a Predominantly Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Saridakis A, Berger ER, Harigopal M, Park T, Horowitz N, Le Blanc J, Zanieski G, Chagpar A, Greenup R, Golshan M, Lannin DR. Apocrine Breast Cancer: Unique Features of a Predominantly Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Annals Of Surgical Oncology 2021, 28: 5610-5616. PMID: 34426884, DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-10518-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsBiomarkers, TumorBone NeoplasmsCarcinoma, Ductal, BreastFemaleHumansRetrospective StudiesTriple Negative Breast NeoplasmsConceptsBreast cancer-specific survivalCancer-specific survivalHigh-grade tumorsMolecular subtypesApocrine carcinomaBreast cancerBetter survivalHuman epidermal growth factor receptor 2Epidermal growth factor receptor 2Triple-negative breast cancerRare breast cancerEnd Results (SEER) databaseGrowth factor receptor 2Triple-negative patientsTriple-negative cancersLow-grade tumorsFactor receptor 2Life table methodApocrine tumorsLuminal patientsWorse survivalClinicopathologic featuresResults databaseAggressive featuresReceptor 2
2020
Enumeration and molecular characterization of circulating tumor cells as an innovative tool for companion diagnostics in breast cancer
Harigopal M, Kowalski D, Vosoughi A. Enumeration and molecular characterization of circulating tumor cells as an innovative tool for companion diagnostics in breast cancer. Expert Review Of Molecular Diagnostics 2020, 20: 815-828. PMID: 32546017, DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2020.1784009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBreast cancerTumor cellsCTC enumerationCTC detectionCTC clustersMetastatic breast cancerBreast cancer patientsEnumeration of CTCsOverall survivalRisk stratificationMetastatic sitesPeripheral bloodCancer patientsCTC levelsClinical backgroundPrimary siteClinical useCancerTumor phenotypeCompanion diagnosticsTumor heterogeneityDistant sitesMolecular characterizationPatientsPredictive importanceHigh frequency of p16 and SOX10 coexpression but not androgen receptor expression in triple-negative breast cancers
Yoon EC, Wilson P, Zuo T, Pinto M, Cole K, Harigopal M. High frequency of p16 and SOX10 coexpression but not androgen receptor expression in triple-negative breast cancers. Human Pathology 2020, 102: 13-22. PMID: 32565323, DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2020.06.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTriple-negative breast cancerNon-TNBC casesFrequency of p16TNBC casesAndrogen receptorBreast cancerTissue microarrayAggressive clinical courseAndrogen receptor expressionInvasive ductal carcinomaHistologic grade 3Basal-like breast cancer subtypeNovel prognostic markerBreast cancer subtypesExpression of p16Clinical courseCytokeratin 5/6Ductal carcinomaPrognostic markerReceptor expressionRoutine biomarkersSignificant statistical differenceClinical dataGrade 3Cancer subtypesAdvances in quantitative immunohistochemistry and their contribution to breast cancer
Yaghoobi V, Martinez-Morilla S, Liu Y, Charette L, Rimm DL, Harigopal M. Advances in quantitative immunohistochemistry and their contribution to breast cancer. Expert Review Of Molecular Diagnostics 2020, 20: 509-522. PMID: 32178550, DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2020.1743178.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2019
Interobserver variability in breast carcinoma grading results in prognostic stage differences
Rabe K, Snir OL, Bossuyt V, Harigopal M, Celli R, Reisenbichler ES. Interobserver variability in breast carcinoma grading results in prognostic stage differences. Human Pathology 2019, 94: 51-57. PMID: 31655171, DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2019.09.006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPathologic prognostic stagePrognostic stageStage II carcinomaInterobserver variabilityIntra-observer variabilityGood intra-observer variabilityStage IABreast pathologistsConsecutive casesTumor gradeBreast carcinomaTumor gradingDiscordant gradesAJCC cancerDiscordant casesCarcinoma gradeInterobserver agreementGrading criteriaPathologistsCarcinomaComplete concordanceGradeOverall gradeGrading results
2018
Immunological differences between primary and metastatic breast cancer
Szekely B, Bossuyt V, Li X, Wali VB, Patwardhan GA, Frederick C, Silber A, Park T, Harigopal M, Pelekanou V, Zhang M, Yan Q, Rimm DL, Bianchini G, Hatzis C, Pusztai L. Immunological differences between primary and metastatic breast cancer. Annals Of Oncology 2018, 29: 2232-2239. PMID: 30203045, DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy399.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAgedAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalB7-H1 AntigenBiomarkers, TumorBiopsyBreast NeoplasmsDisease ProgressionDrug Resistance, NeoplasmFemaleGene Expression RegulationHumansImmunologic SurveillanceLymphocyte CountLymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingMiddle AgedMutation RateTumor EscapeTumor MicroenvironmentYoung AdultConceptsMetastatic breast cancerBreast cancerTherapeutic targetToll-like receptor pathway genesImmuno-oncology therapeutic targetsBreast cancer evolvesImmune proteasome expressionPD-L1 positivityCorresponding primary tumorsPotential therapeutic targetMHC class IImmune-related genesMetastatic cancer samplesLigand/receptor pairLymphocyte countT helperT-regsPD-L1Immune microenvironmentCytotoxic TPrimary tumorMastoid cellsDisease progressionTherapeutic combinationsMacrophage markersAndrogen receptor expression is a favorable prognostic factor in triple-negative breast cancers
Zuo T, Wilson P, Cicek AF, Harigopal M. Androgen receptor expression is a favorable prognostic factor in triple-negative breast cancers. Human Pathology 2018, 80: 239-245. PMID: 29902579, DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.06.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTriple-negative breast cancerDisease-free survivalBasal-like triple-negative breast cancerFavorable prognostic factorAndrogen receptor expressionAR expressionOverall survivalBreast cancerAR positivityPrognostic factorsTumor sizeHistologic gradeReceptor expressionTissue microarrayAR-positive triple-negative breast cancerSubgroups of TNBCAR-negative TNBCLack estrogen receptorBetter overall survivalDose-dependent effectNodal statusWorse prognosisPathologic stagePatient groupProgesterone receptorLoss of c-KIT expression in breast cancer correlates with malignant transformation of breast epithelium and is mediated by KIT gene promoter DNA hypermethylation
Janostiak R, Vyas M, Cicek AF, Wajapeyee N, Harigopal M. Loss of c-KIT expression in breast cancer correlates with malignant transformation of breast epithelium and is mediated by KIT gene promoter DNA hypermethylation. Experimental And Molecular Pathology 2018, 105: 41-49. PMID: 29852185, DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.05.011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsC-kit expressionNormal breast tissueC-kitMalignant transformationReceptor tyrosine kinasesBreast tissueBreast cancer correlatesKIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinaseBreast cancer cell linesC-kit protein expressionBreast tumor developmentProto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinaseBreast tumor samplesCancer cell linesNormal breast epithelial tissuesTyrosine kinaseBreast epithelial tissueCancer correlatesBreast malignancyC-kit mRNABreast epitheliumBreast tumorsTransmembrane receptor tyrosine kinaseCopy number alterationsTumor samplesStrong androgen receptor expression can aid in distinguishing GATA3+ metastases
Boto A, Harigopal M. Strong androgen receptor expression can aid in distinguishing GATA3+ metastases. Human Pathology 2018, 75: 63-70. PMID: 29408697, DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.01.024.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGATA3-positive tumorsAndrogen receptor expressionBreast originMetastatic settingUrothelial originAR expressionAR stainingAndrogen receptorReceptor expressionBreast cancerUnknown originBreast cancer tissue microarrayMarker of breastStrong AR expressionCancer tissue microarrayMammaglobin expressionUrothelial carcinomaLobular carcinomaProgesterone receptorEstrogen receptorTissue microarrayMammary originCarcinomaGATA3 expressionGATA3
2017
Can Tumor Biology Predict Occult Multifocal Disease in Breast Cancer Patients?
Chagpar AB, Cicek AF, Harigopal M. Can Tumor Biology Predict Occult Multifocal Disease in Breast Cancer Patients? The American Surgeon 2017, 83: 704-708. PMID: 28738939, DOI: 10.1177/000313481708300725.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBreast cancer patientsNegative marginsCancer patientsPrimary tumor markersInvasive tumor sizePrimary tumor tissuesMedian invasive tumor sizeInitial surgeryOccult cancerOccult diseaseProspective trialInitial resectionMultifocal diseasePartial mastectomyDuctal carcinomaTumor sizeCavity shavesStage 0Independent pathologistsTumor markersTissue microarrayFurther diseasePatientsTumor tissueDisease
2016
Metastatic thyroid carcinoma presenting as malignant pleural effusion: A cytologic review of 5 cases
Vyas M, Harigopal M. Metastatic thyroid carcinoma presenting as malignant pleural effusion: A cytologic review of 5 cases. Diagnostic Cytopathology 2016, 44: 1085-1089. PMID: 27456348, DOI: 10.1002/dc.23547.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMetastatic thyroid carcinomaThyroid transcription factor-1Pleural fluidThyroid carcinomaMalignant pleural effusionPleural effusionTranscription factor 1Thyroid originImmunohistochemical stainsLung adenocarcinomaCarcinomaRight diagnosisUseful markerClinical contextDiagnosisFactor 1ThyroglobulinMarkersAdenocarcinomaEffusionMalignancy
2014
Methylation of Twelve CpGs in Human Papillomavirus Type 16 (HPV16) as an Informative Biomarker for the Triage of Women Positive for HPV16 Infection
Brandsma JL, Harigopal M, Kiviat NB, Sun Y, Deng Y, Zelterman D, Lizardi PM, Shabanova VS, Levi A, Yaping T, Hu X, Feng Q. Methylation of Twelve CpGs in Human Papillomavirus Type 16 (HPV16) as an Informative Biomarker for the Triage of Women Positive for HPV16 Infection. Cancer Prevention Research 2014, 7: 526-533. PMID: 24556390, DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0354.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCervical intraepithelial neoplasiaCytology samplesCutoff scoreColposcopy of womenCervical cancer preventionManagement of womenDetection of CIN3Cervical cytology samplesHuman papillomavirus type 16Human papillomavirus type 16 DNAMethylation biomarkersPapillomavirus type 16Histologic severityIntraepithelial neoplasiaCervical cancerHPV16 infectionCancer preventionDNA bisulfite sequencingType 16Prognostic potentialAccurate biomarkersProspective biomarkersScreening testInformative biomarkersBiomarkers
2013
Is Ki-67 Expression Prognostic for Local Relapse in Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients Treated With Breast Conservation Therapy (BCT)?
Hafeez F, Neboori HJ, Harigopal M, Wu H, Haffty BG, Yang Q, Schiff D, Moran MS. Is Ki-67 Expression Prognostic for Local Relapse in Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients Treated With Breast Conservation Therapy (BCT)? International Journal Of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics 2013, 87: 344-348. PMID: 23910708, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.05.052.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBreast conservation therapyEarly-stage breast cancer patientsHuman epidermal growth factor receptor 2Recurrence-free survivalBreast cancer patientsKi-67 expressionKi-67Clinicopathologic featuresConservation therapyCancer patientsIndependent associationLocoregional recurrence-free survivalDistant metastasis-free survivalLocal relapse-free survivalEpidermal growth factor receptor 2Univariate/multivariate analysisPrognostic clinicopathologic featuresCause-specific survivalHormone receptor statusGrowth factor receptor 2Metastasis-free survivalRelapse-free survivalKi-67 overexpressionSignificant independent associationKi-67 stainingQuantitative Analysis of Estrogen Receptor Expression Shows SP1 Antibody Is More Sensitive Than 1D5
Welsh AW, Harigopal M, Wimberly H, Prasad M, Rimm DL. Quantitative Analysis of Estrogen Receptor Expression Shows SP1 Antibody Is More Sensitive Than 1D5. Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology 2013, 21: 139-147. PMID: 22820659, PMCID: PMC3482297, DOI: 10.1097/pai.0b013e31825d73b2.Peer-Reviewed Original Research