2024
Sacituzumab govitecan in heavily pretreated, platinum-resistant high grade serous ovarian cancer
Greenman M, Bellone S, Demirkiran C, Hartwich T, Santin A. Sacituzumab govitecan in heavily pretreated, platinum-resistant high grade serous ovarian cancer. Gynecologic Oncology Reports 2024, 54: 101459. PMID: 39108617, PMCID: PMC11300917, DOI: 10.1016/j.gore.2024.101459.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHigh grade serous ovarian cancerAntibody-drug conjugatesSerous ovarian cancerSacituzumab govitecanOvarian cancerTreatment optionsPlatinum-resistant ovarian cancer patientsDose-limiting toxicityOvarian cancer patientsNovel treatment optionsPartial responseRecurrent diseaseDose reductionCancer patientsClinical trialsBackground treatmentTargeted treatmentChemotherapyTreatmentCancerDoseDiseaseOptionsTrop2PatientsPreclinical activity of datopotamab deruxtecan, a novel TROP2 directed antibody-drug conjugate targeting trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2) in ovarian carcinoma
McNamara B, Greenman M, Bellone S, Santin L, Demirkiran C, Mutlu L, Hartwich T, Yang-Hartwich Y, Ratner E, Schwartz P, Santin A. Preclinical activity of datopotamab deruxtecan, a novel TROP2 directed antibody-drug conjugate targeting trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2) in ovarian carcinoma. Gynecologic Oncology 2024, 189: 16-23. PMID: 38981151, DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2024.07.002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTargets trophoblast cell-surface antigen-2Epithelial ovarian cancerAntibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicityPreclinical activityAntibody drug conjugatesOvarian cancerCell linesTumor cellsTrophoblast cell surface antigen 2Cell line-derived xenograft modelFlow cytometryCompared to tumor cellsEpithelial ovarian cancer cell linesOvarian cancer cell linesTumor cells in vitroOvarian cancer patientsPeripheral-blood lymphocytesEOC cell linesTumor growth suppressionAnnexin V-positiveGynecologic cancer mortalityIn vivo antitumor activityCells in vitroPrimary cell linesUnmet medical need
2023
The Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor olaparib and pan-ErbB inhibitor neratinib are highly synergistic in HER2 overexpressing epithelial ovarian carcinoma in vitro and in vivo
Han C, McNamara B, Bellone S, Harold J, Manara P, Hartwich T, Mutlu L, Yang-Hartwich Y, Zipponi M, Demirkiran C, Verzosa M, Altwerger G, Ratner E, Huang G, Clark M, Andikyan V, Azodi M, Dottino P, Schwartz P, Santin A. The Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor olaparib and pan-ErbB inhibitor neratinib are highly synergistic in HER2 overexpressing epithelial ovarian carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Gynecologic Oncology 2023, 170: 172-178. PMID: 36706643, PMCID: PMC10023457, DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2023.01.015.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCombination of olaparibOvarian cancerHER2 expressionSingle agentCell linesGynecologic cancer mortalityHER2-negative tumorsOvarian cancer cell linesOvarian cancer patientsEpithelial ovarian carcinomaNovel therapeutic optionsOC cell linesUnmet medical needPoly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitorsPan-ErbB inhibitorSingle-agent olaparibPolymerase inhibitor olaparibPoly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparibPrimary HER2Cancer cell linesNegative tumorsTherapeutic optionsCancer mortalityCancer patientsNeu expression
2022
Advances in antibody-drug conjugates for gynecologic malignancies
Tymon-Rosario J, Gorman M, Richardson D, Washington C, Santin A. Advances in antibody-drug conjugates for gynecologic malignancies. Current Opinion In Obstetrics & Gynecology 2022, 35: 6-14. PMID: 36484278, DOI: 10.1097/gco.0000000000000838.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAntibody-drug conjugatesOvarian cancer patientsGynecologic malignanciesCancer patientsPlatinum-resistant ovarian cancer patientsUse of ADCsOngoing phase 3 trialsRecurrent ovarian cancer patientsNovel antibody-drug conjugateReceptor-targeting antibodiesPhase 3 trialProgression-free survivalFirst U.S. FoodOngoing clinical trialsHER2/neuPersonalized cancer careTisotumab vedotinPrimary endpointCervical cancerGynecologic cancerCancer careClinical trialsMultiple tumorsCurrent evidenceDrug Administration
2021
Financial toxicity in patients with gynecologic malignancies: a cross sectional study
Zeybek B, Webster E, Pogosian N, Tymon-Rosario J, Balch A, Altwerger G, Clark M, Menderes G, Huang G, Azodi M, Ratner ES, Schwartz PE, Santin AD, Andikyan V. Financial toxicity in patients with gynecologic malignancies: a cross sectional study. Journal Of Gynecologic Oncology 2021, 32: e87. PMID: 34431257, PMCID: PMC8550931, DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2021.32.e87.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCross-sectional studyGynecologic malignanciesFinancial toxicityPatient demographicsSectional studyMalignancy typeGynecologic oncology patientsOvarian cancer patientsPatient/diseaseCost of careFinancial burdenHigh financial burdenTreatment regimenHigh financial toxicityOncology patientsDisease characteristicsGynecologic cancerCancer careCancer patientsRisk factorsClinical trialsCOST scoreMedian COST scorePatientsSignificant burden
2018
Impact of carboplatin hypersensitivity and desensitization on patients with recurrent ovarian cancer
Altwerger G, Florsheim EB, Menderes G, Black J, Schwab C, Gressel GM, Nelson WK, Carusillo N, Passante T, Huang G, Litkouhi B, Azodi M, Silasi DA, Santin A, Schwartz PE, Ratner ES. Impact of carboplatin hypersensitivity and desensitization on patients with recurrent ovarian cancer. Journal Of Cancer Research And Clinical Oncology 2018, 144: 2449-2456. PMID: 30255380, DOI: 10.1007/s00432-018-2753-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCarboplatin hypersensitivityCarboplatin desensitizationHypersensitive patientsOverall survivalRisk factorsOvarian cancerTwo-sided Fisher exactAdvanced stage ovarian cancerInfusion of carboplatinRecurrent ovarian cancerIndependent risk factorLonger overall survivalStage ovarian cancerOvarian cancer patientsLong-term treatmentNew risk factorsHigher likelihoodTwo-sided p valueT-testStudent's t-testDesignRetrospective studyGermline BRCA1/2Improved OSLonger OSDesensitization protocolIdentification of ovarian cancer patients for immunotherapy by concurrent assessment of tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI) status, and targetable genomic alterations (GA)
Feinberg J, Elvin J, Bellone S, Santin A. Identification of ovarian cancer patients for immunotherapy by concurrent assessment of tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI) status, and targetable genomic alterations (GA). Gynecologic Oncology 2018, 149: 36. DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.04.081.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchA novel multiple biomarker panel for the early detection of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma
Han C, Bellone S, Siegel ER, Altwerger G, Menderes G, Bonazzoli E, Egawa-Takata T, Pettinella F, Bianchi A, Riccio F, Zammataro L, Yadav G, Marto JA, Penet MF, Levine DA, Drapkin R, Patel A, Litkouhi B, Ratner E, Silasi DA, Huang GS, Azodi M, Schwartz PE, Santin AD. A novel multiple biomarker panel for the early detection of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Gynecologic Oncology 2018, 149: 585-591. PMID: 29572027, PMCID: PMC5986604, DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.03.050.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigh-grade serous ovarian carcinomaSerous ovarian carcinomaIL-6Ovarian cancerOvarian carcinomaE-cadHigh-grade serous ovarian adenocarcinomaEarly-stage ovarian cancerROC analysisEarly detectionMajority of patientsLethal gynecologic malignancyStage ovarian cancerOvarian cancer patientsBenign gynecologic pathologyNon-cancer controlsSerous ovarian adenocarcinomaEffective cancer screeningSerous ovarian cancerMultiple biomarker panelsFour-marker panelHigh differential gene expressionGynecologic malignanciesCA 125IL-1ra
2017
FOXM1 expression is significantly associated with chemotherapy resistance and adverse prognosis in non-serous epithelial ovarian cancer patients
Tassi RA, Todeschini P, Siegel ER, Calza S, Cappella P, Ardighieri L, Cadei M, Bugatti M, Romani C, Bandiera E, Zanotti L, Tassone L, Guarino D, Santonocito C, Capoluongo ED, Beltrame L, Erba E, Marchini S, D’Incalci M, Donzelli C, Santin AD, Pecorelli S, Sartori E, Bignotti E, Odicino F, Ravaggi A. FOXM1 expression is significantly associated with chemotherapy resistance and adverse prognosis in non-serous epithelial ovarian cancer patients. Journal Of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2017, 36: 63. PMID: 28482906, PMCID: PMC5422964, DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0536-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBiomarkers, TumorCarcinoma, Ovarian EpithelialCell Line, TumorCell MovementCell ProliferationCell Transformation, NeoplasticCystadenocarcinoma, SerousDisease ProgressionDNA RepairDrug Resistance, NeoplasmFemaleForkhead Box Protein M1Gene Expression ProfilingGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticGene Knockdown TechniquesHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateMiddle AgedNeoplasm GradingNeoplasm MetastasisNeoplasm StagingNeoplasms, Glandular and EpithelialOvarian NeoplasmsPrognosisProtein IsoformsRNA, Small InterferingConceptsForkhead box M1FOXM1 expressionEOC cell linesSerous EOCNormal controlsEOC subtypesCox proportional hazards analysisWorse disease-specific survivalEpithelial ovarian cancer patientsCell linesPlatinum-resistant casesSnap-frozen biopsiesDisease-specific survivalPlatinum-resistant diseaseAdvanced FIGO stageProportional hazards analysisProtein overexpressionClinic-pathological parametersOvarian cancer patientsRT-qPCRTransient siRNA transfectionPARP inhibitor olaparibFIGO stageSerous histologySpecific survival
2016
Chemotherapy for Elderly Ovarian Cancer Patients
Muralikrishnan S, Hatzis C, Katz A, Santin A, Schwartz PE, Abu-Khalaf MM. Chemotherapy for Elderly Ovarian Cancer Patients. Gynecology & Obstetrics 2016, 69: 1-5. PMID: 27695647, PMCID: PMC5042145, DOI: 10.4172/2161-0932.1000397.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPrimary ovarian cancerOvarian cancerYears of ageDose reductionDose reduction/discontinuationElderly ovarian cancer patientsPaclitaxel 175mg/Standard intravenous chemotherapyYale Cancer CenterAdditional prospective studiesReduction/discontinuationOvarian cancer patientsDifferent treatment modalitiesSignificant adverse effectsAUC 5Chemotherapy discontinuationIntravenous chemotherapyTreatment discontinuationHazard ratioStandard chemotherapyPrescribed regimenProspective studyRetrospective studyCancer CenterCancer patients
2015
Evaluation of a novel human IgG1 anti-claudin3 antibody that specifically recognizes its aberrantly localized antigen in ovarian cancer cells and that is suitable for selective drug delivery
Romani C, Cocco E, Bignotti E, Moratto D, Bugatti A, Todeschini P, Bandiera E, Tassi R, Zanotti L, Pecorelli S, Sartori E, Odicino FE, de Marco A, Santin AD, Ravaggi A, Mitola S. Evaluation of a novel human IgG1 anti-claudin3 antibody that specifically recognizes its aberrantly localized antigen in ovarian cancer cells and that is suitable for selective drug delivery. Oncotarget 2015, 6: 34617-34628. PMID: 26416446, PMCID: PMC4741477, DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5315.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntibodies, NeoplasmAntibody AffinityAntineoplastic AgentsBlotting, WesternCell Line, TumorClaudin-3Drug CarriersDrug Delivery SystemsEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayFemaleFlow CytometryHumansImmunoglobulin GMiceMice, SCIDMicroscopy, ConfocalMicroscopy, FluorescenceOvarian NeoplasmsReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionRNA, Small InterferingSurface Plasmon ResonanceTransfectionXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysConceptsClostridium perfringens enterotoxinTumor cellsActive anti-cancer compoundsHuman IgG1 Fc domainHuman ovarian cancer cell linesOvarian cancer cell linesOvarian cancer patientsOvarian carcinoma xenograftsOvarian cancer cellsIgG1 Fc domainCancer cell linesAggressive tumorsCancer patientsCarcinoma xenograftsOncological settingIgG1 antibodiesClaudin3Anti-cancer compoundsChimeric antibodyAntitumor efficacySelective drug deliveryPerfringens enterotoxinCancer cellsAntibodiesFc domainClostridium perfringens enterotoxin C‐terminal domain labeled to fluorescent dyes for in vivo visualization of micrometastatic chemotherapy‐resistant ovarian cancer
Cocco E, Shapiro EM, Gasparrini S, Lopez S, Schwab CL, Bellone S, Bortolomai I, Sumi NJ, Bonazzoli E, Nicoletti R, Deng Y, Saltzman WM, Zeiss CJ, Centritto F, Black JD, Silasi DA, Ratner E, Azodi M, Rutherford TJ, Schwartz PE, Pecorelli S, Santin AD. Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin C‐terminal domain labeled to fluorescent dyes for in vivo visualization of micrometastatic chemotherapy‐resistant ovarian cancer. International Journal Of Cancer 2015, 137: 2618-2629. PMID: 26060989, PMCID: PMC4573336, DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29632.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPatient-derived xenograftsTumor fluorescenceChemotherapy-resistant ovarian cancerClaudin-3Human ovarian cancer xenograftsTime of surgeryOvarian cancer patientsNeoadjuvant chemotherapy treatmentOvarian cancer xenograftsHealthy organsVivo visualizationTime of intervalBackground fluorescence ratioClostridium perfringens enterotoxinChemotherapy-naïveMicrometastatic diseaseMalignant ascitesOvarian diseaseResidual diseaseOvarian tumorsCancer patientsCancer xenograftsChemotherapy treatmentIP injectionOvarian cancer
2013
Class III β-tubulin overexpression within the tumor microenvironment is a prognostic biomarker for poor overall survival in ovarian cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant carboplatin/paclitaxel
Roque DM, Buza N, Glasgow M, Bellone S, Bortolomai I, Gasparrini S, Cocco E, Ratner E, Silasi DA, Azodi M, Rutherford TJ, Schwartz PE, Santin AD. Class III β-tubulin overexpression within the tumor microenvironment is a prognostic biomarker for poor overall survival in ovarian cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant carboplatin/paclitaxel. Clinical & Experimental Metastasis 2013, 31: 101-110. PMID: 24005572, PMCID: PMC3947146, DOI: 10.1007/s10585-013-9614-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBiomarkers, TumorCarboplatinCystadenocarcinoma, SerousDrug Resistance, NeoplasmFemaleHumansImmunohistochemistryNeoadjuvant TherapyOvarian NeoplasmsPaclitaxelPrognosisReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionTubulinTumor MicroenvironmentUp-RegulationConceptsClass III β-tubulinIII β-tubulinClass III β-tubulin expressionNeoadjuvant chemotherapyPoor overall survivalOverall survivalΒ-tubulin expressionClass III β-tubulin overexpressionPrimary cytoreductionNeoadjuvant carboplatin/paclitaxelPoor median overall survivalTumor microenvironmentAdvanced ovarian carcinomaCarboplatin/paclitaxelMedian overall survivalOvarian cancer patientsCell linesCancer stem cellsNeoadjuvant carboplatinPrimary debulkingVitro chemosensitivityClinical outcomesPatient populationCancer patientsStromal expressionClass III beta-tubulin overexpression within the tumor microenvironment is a prognostic biomarker for poor overall survival in ovarian cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant carboplatin/paclitaxel
Roque D, Buza N, Glasgow M, Ratner E, Silasi D, Azodi M, Rutherford T, Schwartz P, Santin A. Class III beta-tubulin overexpression within the tumor microenvironment is a prognostic biomarker for poor overall survival in ovarian cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant carboplatin/paclitaxel. Gynecologic Oncology 2013, 130: e124-e125. DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.04.358.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2008
Induction of human tumor‐associated differentially expressed gene‐12 (TADG‐12/TMPRSS3)‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in human lymphocyte antigen‐A2.1–positive healthy donors and patients with advanced ovarian cancer
Bellone S, Anfossi S, O'Brien TJ, Cannon MJ, Silasi D, Azodi M, Schwartz PE, Rutherford TJ, Pecorelli S, Santin AD. Induction of human tumor‐associated differentially expressed gene‐12 (TADG‐12/TMPRSS3)‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in human lymphocyte antigen‐A2.1–positive healthy donors and patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Cancer 2008, 115: 800-811. PMID: 19117353, DOI: 10.1002/cncr.24048.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOvarian cancer patientsPeptide-specific CTLsOvarian cancerCancer patientsHealthy donorsLymphocyte antigenEnzyme-linked immunosorbent spot-forming cell assayHuman cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responsesNatural killer-sensitive K562 cellsAnti-HLA class I monoclonal antibodiesImmunogenic peptidesPeptide-loaded target cellsType 1 cytokine profileAdvanced stage ovarian cancerCytotoxic T lymphocyte responsesSpecific cytotoxic T lymphocytesClass I monoclonal antibodiesMonoclonal antibody stimulationPotential immunogenic peptidesDendritic cell immunotherapyAdvanced ovarian cancerCTL precursor frequenciesIntracellular cytokine expressionT lymphocyte responsesHuman lymphocyte antigen
2004
Increased levels of gangliosides in the plasma and ascitic fluid of patients with advanced ovarian cancer
Santin AD, Ravindranath MH, Bellone S, Muthugounder S, Palmieri M, O'Brien TJ, Roman J, Cannon MJ, Pecorelli S. Increased levels of gangliosides in the plasma and ascitic fluid of patients with advanced ovarian cancer. BJOG An International Journal Of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 2004, 111: 613-618. PMID: 15198791, DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00142.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOvarian cancer patientsAdvanced ovarian cancerAdvanced ovarian cancer patientsNormal female controlsPrimary ovarian cancer cell linesOvarian cancer cell linesCancer patientsCancer cell linesOvarian cancerTotal gangliosidesFemale controlsAscitic fluidUterine carcinoma cell linesCell linesJohn Wayne Cancer InstituteAnti-tumor immune functionGanglioside levelsUterine cancer cell linesLipid-associated sialic acidTotal ganglioside levelsTime of surgeryDepartment of ObstetricsPrimary cervical cancerPrimary ovarian tumorsOvarian tumor cellsRestoration of tumor specific human leukocyte antigens class I‐restricted cytotoxicity by dendritic cell stimulation of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with advanced ovarian cancer
Santin AD, Bellone S, Palmieri M, Bossini B, Cane' S, Bignotti E, Roman JJ, Cannon MJ, Pecorelli S. Restoration of tumor specific human leukocyte antigens class I‐restricted cytotoxicity by dendritic cell stimulation of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. International Journal Of Gynecological Cancer 2004, 14: 64-75. PMID: 14764031, DOI: 10.1111/j.1048-891x.2004.014175.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPeripheral blood lymphocytesAdvanced ovarian cancerAdvanced ovarian cancer patientsDendritic cellsOvarian cancer patientsOvarian cancerT cellsCancer patientsClass ILymphoblastoid cell linesTumor antigen-loaded dendritic cellsTumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cellsTumor-specific T-cell responsesAutologous ovarian cancer cellsAutologous tumor target cellsDC stimulationLysate-pulsed dendritic cellsType 1 cytokine biasAntigen-loaded dendritic cellsAnti-HLA class IAutologous Epstein-Barr virusIFN-gamma-positive cellsSpecific human leukocyte antigenProfessional antigen presenting cellsAdoptive T-cell immunotherapyRestoration of tumor specific human leukocyte antigens class I-restricted cytotoxicity by dendritic cell stimulation of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with advanced ovarian cancer
Santin A, Bellone S, Palmieri M, Bossini B, Cane' S, Bignotti E, Roman J, Cannon M, Pecorelli S. Restoration of tumor specific human leukocyte antigens class I-restricted cytotoxicity by dendritic cell stimulation of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. International Journal Of Gynecological Cancer 2004, 14: 64-75. DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200401000-00008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPeripheral blood lymphocytesAdvanced ovarian cancerAdvanced ovarian cancer patientsDendritic cellsOvarian cancer patientsOvarian cancerT cellsCancer patientsClass ILymphoblastoid cell linesTumor antigen-loaded dendritic cellsTumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cellsTumor-specific T-cell responsesAutologous ovarian cancer cellsAutologous tumor target cellsDC stimulationLysate-pulsed dendritic cellsType 1 cytokine biasAntigen-loaded dendritic cellsAnti-HLA class IAutologous Epstein-Barr virusSpecific human leukocyte antigenProfessional antigen presenting cellsAdoptive T-cell immunotherapyAutologous tumor cells
2001
Increased levels of interleukin‐10 and transforming growth factor‐β in the plasma and ascitic fluid of patients with advanced ovarian cancer
Santin A, Bellone S, Ravaggi A, Roman J, Smith C, Pecorelli S, Cannon M, Parham G. Increased levels of interleukin‐10 and transforming growth factor‐β in the plasma and ascitic fluid of patients with advanced ovarian cancer. BJOG An International Journal Of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 2001, 108: 804-808. PMID: 11510703, DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2001.00206.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOvarian cancer patientsAdvanced ovarian cancerIL-10Cancer patientsOvarian cancerAscitic fluidPlasma levelsPeritoneal fluidAdvanced ovarian cancer patientsElevated TGF-beta levelsImmunosuppressive cytokine IL-10Anti-tumor immune functionDetectable IL-10TGF-beta levelsCytokine IL-10Time of surgeryDepartment of ObstetricsTGF-beta releasePlasma samplesNormal female controlsSensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbentEnzyme-linked immunosorbentImmunosuppressive cytokinesInterleukin-10Prospective studyIncreased levels of interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β in the plasma and ascitic fluid of patients with advanced ovarian cancer
Santin A, Bellone S, Ravaggi A, Roman J, Smith C, Pecorelli S, Cannon M, Parham G. Increased levels of interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β in the plasma and ascitic fluid of patients with advanced ovarian cancer. BJOG An International Journal Of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 2001, 108: 804-808. DOI: 10.1016/s0306-5456(00)00206-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchOvarian cancer patientsAdvanced ovarian cancerIL-10Cancer patientsOvarian cancerAscitic fluidPlasma levelsPeritoneal fluidAdvanced ovarian cancer patientsElevated TGF-β levelsImmunosuppressive cytokine IL-10Anti-tumor immune functionDetectable IL-10Cytokine IL-10TGF-β levelsTime of surgeryDepartment of ObstetricsPlasma samplesNormal female controlsSensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbentEnzyme-linked immunosorbentTGF-β releaseImmunosuppressive cytokinesInterleukin-10Normal control plasma samples