2013
Morphine dependence and withdrawal induced changes in cholinergic signaling
Neugebauer NM, Einstein EB, Lopez MB, McClure-Begley TD, Mineur YS, Picciotto MR. Morphine dependence and withdrawal induced changes in cholinergic signaling. Pharmacology Biochemistry And Behavior 2013, 109: 77-83. PMID: 23651795, PMCID: PMC3690589, DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2013.04.015.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMedial habenulaMorphine dependenceCholinergic signalingInterpeduncular nucleusHigh-affinity nicotinic acetylcholine receptorsNicotinic acetylcholine receptor levelsEffects of cholinergicMorphine-dependent miceChronic morphine administrationAcetylcholine receptor levelsC-fos expressionC-Fos activationNicotinic acetylcholine receptorsDependent miceMorphine administrationMorphine withdrawalCholinergic drugsOpiate withdrawalCholinergic systemEpibatidine bindingReceptor levelsSomatic signsNeuronal activityAcetylcholine receptorsNAChR receptor
2011
Galanin negatively modulates opiate withdrawal via galanin receptor 1
Holmes FE, Armenaki A, Iismaa TP, Einstein EB, Shine J, Picciotto MR, Wynick D, Zachariou V. Galanin negatively modulates opiate withdrawal via galanin receptor 1. Psychopharmacology 2011, 220: 619-625. PMID: 21969124, PMCID: PMC3324978, DOI: 10.1007/s00213-011-2515-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGalanin receptor 1Chronic morphine administrationMorphine administrationLocus coeruleusGalanin expressionOpiate withdrawalReceptor 1Distinct G protein-coupled receptorsPrecipitation of withdrawalAction of morphineDoses of morphineWild-type miceTransgenic mouse lineG protein-coupled receptorsExpress galaninGalanin levelsWild-type controlsProtein-coupled receptorsNeuropeptide galaninMorphine dependenceWithdrawal signsOpiate dependenceGalaninTransgenic miceGalR2 gene