2024
Rare Breast Tumors
Harigopal M, Podany P, Andrejeva L, Singh K. Rare Breast Tumors. 2024, 343-374. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-65711-5_13.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSubtypes of breast cancerBreast cancerRare subtypeWorld Health OrganizationRare subtype of breast cancerHistological subtype of breast cancerWorld Health Organization Classification of TumorsCore needle biopsy specimensWorld Health Organization classificationTall cell carcinomaNeedle biopsy specimensRare histologic typeClassification of tumorsRare cancer typesRare tumorHistological subtypesHistological typeCell carcinomaUnusual subtypeBiopsy specimensPrognostic implicationsGenetic alterationsHistological featuresHistologic cluesAncillary testsClinicopathologic Characteristics of MYC Copy Number Amplification in Breast Cancer.
Sun T, Golestani R, Zhan H, Krishnamurti U, Harigopal M, Zhong M, Liang Y. Clinicopathologic Characteristics of MYC Copy Number Amplification in Breast Cancer. International Journal Of Surgical Pathology 2024, 10668969241256109. PMID: 38839260, DOI: 10.1177/10668969241256109.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchBreast cancerCopy number amplificationClinicopathological characteristicsAssociation with <i>TP53</i> mutation. InAssociated with invasive ductal carcinomaEstrogen receptor (ER)-negativeDisease-free survival timeGene copy number amplificationC-myc immunostainingNon-amplified tumorsTP53</i> mutationsTriple-negative statusMetastatic breast cancerInvasive ductal carcinomaMYC protein overexpressionBreast cancer patientsTriple-negativeDuctal carcinomaClinicopathological featuresGenetic abnormalitiesClinical dataImmunohistochemical studiesCancer patientsProtein overexpressionSurvival timeFibroepithelial Neoplasm with Hybrid Features of Benign Phyllodes Tumor, Juvenile Papillomatosis, and Juvenile Fibroadenoma: A Case Report.
Liu B, Mehrotra M, Kowtha L, Guan M, Houldsworth J, Baskovich B, Harigopal M. Fibroepithelial Neoplasm with Hybrid Features of Benign Phyllodes Tumor, Juvenile Papillomatosis, and Juvenile Fibroadenoma: A Case Report. International Journal Of Surgical Pathology 2024, 10668969241256112. PMID: 38839253, DOI: 10.1177/10668969241256112.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchBenign phyllodes tumorPhyllodes tumorJuvenile fibroadenomaJuvenile papillomatosisFibroepithelial lesionsFibroepithelial neoplasmsFamily history of breast cancerHistory of breast cancerHyperplastic ductal epitheliumPapillary apocrine metaplasiaBreast cancer developmentMiddle-aged patientsProliferative breast tumorsHypoechoic solid massMicropapillary projectionsPreoperative biopsyBiphasic neoplasmPalpable massApocrine metaplasiaTumor featuresBreast tumorsCase reportDuctal epitheliumCellular fibroadenomaBreast cancerIdentification of Glandular (Acinar)/Tubule Formation in Invasive Carcinoma of the Breast: A Study to Determine Concordance Using the World Health Organization Definition.
Lo Y, Lester S, Ellis I, Lanjewar S, Laurini J, Patel A, Bhattarai A, Ustun B, Harmon B, Kleer C, Ross D, Amin A, Wang Y, Bradley R, Turashvili G, Zeng J, Baum J, Singh K, Hakima L, Harigopal M, Komforti M, Shin S, Abbott S, Jaffer S, Badve S, Khoury T, D'Alfonso T, Ginter P, Collins V, Towne W, Gan Y, Nassar A, Sahin A, Flieder A, Aldrees R, Ngo M, Edema U, Sapna F, Schnitt S, Fineberg S. Identification of Glandular (Acinar)/Tubule Formation in Invasive Carcinoma of the Breast: A Study to Determine Concordance Using the World Health Organization Definition. Archives Of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 2024, 148: 1119-1125. PMID: 38244086, DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2023-0163-oa.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchInvasive breast cancerWorld Health Organization definitionNottingham grading systemOrganization definitionMedian concordance rateMicropapillary carcinomaMucinous carcinomaInvasive carcinomaBreast pathologistsBreast cancerConcordance rateGrading systemCarcinomaTubulesPathologistsBreastConcordanceProfessor EllisCancerCases
2023
Pathological response in mucinous carcinoma of breast after neoadjuvant therapy - a multi-institutional study
Zhan H, Fineberg S, Podany P, Zeng J, Wang Y, Harigopal M, Singh K. Pathological response in mucinous carcinoma of breast after neoadjuvant therapy - a multi-institutional study. Human Pathology 2023, 142: 15-19. PMID: 37972873, DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2023.10.002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNeoadjuvant endocrine therapyResidual tumour cellularityNeoadjuvant chemotherapyNeoadjuvant therapyMucinous carcinomaPathologic responseEndocrine therapyPathological responseMucin poolsBreast cancerEstrogen receptorTumor cellularityAcellular mucin poolsFavorable histologic subtypePreoperative adjuvant therapyRetrospective cohort studyComplete pathologic responseInvasive breast cancerNET groupMulti-institutional studyNeoadjuvant HER2Adjuvant therapyMC patientsCohort studyPathologic reviewThe correlation of ESR1 genetic aberrations with estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor status in metastatic and primary estrogen receptor-positive breast carcinomas
Moreira-Dinzey J, Zhan H, Rozenblit M, Krishnamurti U, Harigopal M, Zhong M, Liang Y. The correlation of ESR1 genetic aberrations with estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor status in metastatic and primary estrogen receptor-positive breast carcinomas. Human Pathology 2023, 137: 56-62. PMID: 37127079, DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2023.04.017.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMetastatic tumorsBreast carcinomaGenetic aberrationsPR statusPrimary tumorBreast cancerControl groupER/PR statusEstrogen receptor-positive breast carcinomasER-positive breast cancerER positivity rateMetastatic breast cancerProgesterone receptor statusMetastatic breast carcinomaMore liver metastasesPrimary breast carcinomaWild-type groupEstrogen receptor 1 geneReceptor 1 geneWild-type controlsLiver metastasesReceptor statusClinicopathological featuresER expressionControl tumorsAI-Powered Biomolecular-Specific and Label-Free Multispectral Imaging Rapidly Detects Malignant Neoplasm in Surgically Excised Breast Tissue Specimens.
Pandey R, Fournier D, Root G, Riccio M, Shirvalkar A, Zamora G, Daigneault N, Sapack M, Zhong M, Harigopal M. AI-Powered Biomolecular-Specific and Label-Free Multispectral Imaging Rapidly Detects Malignant Neoplasm in Surgically Excised Breast Tissue Specimens. Archives Of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 2023, 147: 1298-1306. PMID: 36730476, DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2022-0228-oa.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMalignant neoplasmsPredictive valueBreast tissueBreast conservation surgeryNormal breast tissueNegative predictive valuePositive predictive valueInitial gross examinationFresh tissue samplesResection marginsConservation surgeryCosmetic outcomeBreast cancerIntraoperative usePathology evaluationGross examinationBreast specimensFrozen sectionsNeoplasmsTissue blocksTissue samplesLumpectomy specimensMargin assessmentSurgeon's handObjective toolMulti-institutional Assessment of Pathologist Scoring HER2 Immunohistochemistry
Robbins C, Fernandez A, Han G, Wong S, Harigopal M, Podoll M, Singh K, Ly A, Kuba M, Wen H, Sanders M, Brock J, Wei S, Fadare O, Hanley K, Jorns J, Snir O, Yoon E, Rabe K, Soong T, Reisenbichler E, Rimm D. Multi-institutional Assessment of Pathologist Scoring HER2 Immunohistochemistry. Modern Pathology 2023, 36: 100032. PMID: 36788069, PMCID: PMC10278086, DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2022.100032.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOverall percent agreementHuman epidermal growth factor 2HER2 IHCReal-world settingEpidermal growth factor 2HER2-negative statusBreast cancer biopsiesCompanion diagnostic testsMulti-institutional assessmentGrowth factor 2Breast cancerImmunohistochemistry assaysCancer biopsiesHER2 immunohistochemistryPathologist concordanceIHCClinical standardsPercent agreementDiagnostic testsSubstantial discordanceERBB2 geneInterrater reliabilityPathologistsFactor 2Concordance
2022
AMACR Expression is a Potential Diagnostic Marker in Apocrine Lesions of Breast, and is Associated with High Histologic Grade and Lymph Node Metastases in Some Invasive Apocrine Breast Cancers
Lerner G, Tang H, Singh K, Golestani R, St Claire S, Humphrey P, Lannin D, Janostiak R, Harigopal M. AMACR Expression is a Potential Diagnostic Marker in Apocrine Lesions of Breast, and is Associated with High Histologic Grade and Lymph Node Metastases in Some Invasive Apocrine Breast Cancers. Clinical Breast Cancer 2022, 23: 199-210. PMID: 36577560, DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2022.11.012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInvasive ductal carcinomaTriple-negative breast cancerHigh histologic gradeApocrine differentiationAMACR expressionEstrogen receptorApocrine DCISER-/PRHistologic gradeProgesterone receptorApocrine featuresBreast cancerHuman epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) statusLack of ERDistant metastasis-free survivalDiagnostic markerInitial N stageLack estrogen receptorApocrine breast cancerLymph node metastasisNegative breast cancerAndrogen receptor mRNACoA racemase expressionBenign breast tissueBreast cancer cohortPD-L1 protein expression in relation to recurrence score values in early-stage ER + breast cancer
Rozenblit M, Blenman K, Harigopal M, Reisenbichler E, Singh K, Qing T, Ibrahim E, Ramkissoon S, Asmelash S, Lin HK, Roberts M, Ross J, Huang RSP, Pusztai L. PD-L1 protein expression in relation to recurrence score values in early-stage ER + breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research And Treatment 2022, 196: 221-227. PMID: 36028784, DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06712-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPD-L1 positivityPD-L1 protein expressionPD-L1 expressionGrade 3 cancersPD-L1TIL scoreTumor gradeMultivariate analysisHigher PD-L1 positivityTumor-infiltrating lymphocyte countsConclusionPD-L1 expressionProtein expressionPD-L1 immunohistochemistryChi-square testResultsPD-L1T1 cancersLymphocyte countT3 tumorsIndependent predictorsTumor sizeLarge tumorsPositivity rateCell positivityBreast cancerGrade 2Examination of Low ERBB2 Protein Expression in Breast Cancer Tissue
Fernandez AI, Liu M, Bellizzi A, Brock J, Fadare O, Hanley K, Harigopal M, Jorns JM, Kuba MG, Ly A, Podoll M, Rabe K, Sanders MA, Singh K, Snir OL, Soong TR, Wei S, Wen H, Wong S, Yoon E, Pusztai L, Reisenbichler E, Rimm DL. Examination of Low ERBB2 Protein Expression in Breast Cancer Tissue. JAMA Oncology 2022, 8: 1-4. PMID: 35113160, PMCID: PMC8814969, DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.7239.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBreast cancer biopsiesT-DXdCancer biopsiesLarge randomized clinical trialsRandomized clinical trialsERBB2 protein expressionCentral pathology laboratoryBreast cancer tissuesAmerican Pathologists surveysStudy of concordanceTrastuzumab deruxtecanERBB2 positivityPatient populationClinical trialsScore 0Breast cancerImmunohistochemistry scoreCancer tissuesIHC assaysPatientsPathology laboratoryProtein expressionBiopsyIHCConcordance
2021
EZH2 Protein Expression in Triple-negative Breast Cancer Treated With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: An Exploratory Study of Association With Tumor Response and Prognosis
Fineberg S, Tian X, Makower D, Harigopal M, Lo Y. EZH2 Protein Expression in Triple-negative Breast Cancer Treated With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: An Exploratory Study of Association With Tumor Response and Prognosis. Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology 2021, 30: 157-164. PMID: 35262520, DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000998.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTriple-negative breast cancerResidual cancer burdenNeoadjuvant chemotherapyEZH2 protein expressionEZH2 expressionBreast cancerHigh-risk triple negative breast cancerLogistic regressionContinuous variablesStratification of outcomesDisease-free survivalProtein expressionTumor-infiltrating lymphocytesHigh EZH2 expressionMultivariable logistic regressionRisk of relapseDevelopment of metastasesLogistic regression analysisPretherapy biopsiesDisease recurrenceMetastatic recurrenceClinicopathologic featuresCancer burdenTumor responseCore biopsyApocrine Breast Cancer: Unique Features of a Predominantly Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Saridakis A, Berger ER, Harigopal M, Park T, Horowitz N, Le Blanc J, Zanieski G, Chagpar A, Greenup R, Golshan M, Lannin DR. Apocrine Breast Cancer: Unique Features of a Predominantly Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Annals Of Surgical Oncology 2021, 28: 5610-5616. PMID: 34426884, DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-10518-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBreast cancer-specific survivalCancer-specific survivalHigh-grade tumorsMolecular subtypesApocrine carcinomaBreast cancerBetter survivalHuman epidermal growth factor receptor 2Epidermal growth factor receptor 2Triple-negative breast cancerRare breast cancerEnd Results (SEER) databaseGrowth factor receptor 2Triple-negative patientsTriple-negative cancersLow-grade tumorsFactor receptor 2Life table methodApocrine tumorsLuminal patientsWorse survivalClinicopathologic featuresResults databaseAggressive featuresReceptor 2
2020
LIMK2 promotes the metastatic progression of triple-negative breast cancer by activating SRPK1
Malvi P, Janostiak R, Chava S, Manrai P, Yoon E, Singh K, Harigopal M, Gupta R, Wajapeyee N. LIMK2 promotes the metastatic progression of triple-negative breast cancer by activating SRPK1. Oncogenesis 2020, 9: 77. PMID: 32859889, PMCID: PMC7455732, DOI: 10.1038/s41389-020-00263-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTriple-negative breast cancerLIM domain kinase 2Metastatic progressionPharmacological inhibitionBreast cancerTNBC cellsMetastatic attributesMetastatic breast cancer subtypesSerine/arginine protein kinasesPrimary tumor growthBreast cancer subtypesKinase 2Serine/threonine kinaseActin filament dynamicsStable isotope labelingShort hairpin RNASystemic therapyProtein kinase 1Therapeutic optionsHER2 expressionLarge-scale phosphoproteomic analysisTNBC metastasisTumor growthCancer subtypesSR familyEnumeration and molecular characterization of circulating tumor cells as an innovative tool for companion diagnostics in breast cancer
Harigopal M, Kowalski D, Vosoughi A. Enumeration and molecular characterization of circulating tumor cells as an innovative tool for companion diagnostics in breast cancer. Expert Review Of Molecular Diagnostics 2020, 20: 815-828. PMID: 32546017, DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2020.1784009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBreast cancerTumor cellsCTC enumerationCTC detectionCTC clustersMetastatic breast cancerBreast cancer patientsEnumeration of CTCsOverall survivalRisk stratificationMetastatic sitesPeripheral bloodCancer patientsCTC levelsClinical backgroundPrimary siteClinical useCancerTumor phenotypeCompanion diagnosticsTumor heterogeneityDistant sitesMolecular characterizationPatientsPredictive importanceHigh frequency of p16 and SOX10 coexpression but not androgen receptor expression in triple-negative breast cancers
Yoon EC, Wilson P, Zuo T, Pinto M, Cole K, Harigopal M. High frequency of p16 and SOX10 coexpression but not androgen receptor expression in triple-negative breast cancers. Human Pathology 2020, 102: 13-22. PMID: 32565323, DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2020.06.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTriple-negative breast cancerNon-TNBC casesFrequency of p16TNBC casesAndrogen receptorBreast cancerTissue microarrayAggressive clinical courseAndrogen receptor expressionInvasive ductal carcinomaHistologic grade 3Basal-like breast cancer subtypeNovel prognostic markerBreast cancer subtypesExpression of p16Clinical courseCytokeratin 5/6Ductal carcinomaPrognostic markerReceptor expressionRoutine biomarkersSignificant statistical differenceClinical dataGrade 3Cancer subtypes
2018
Immunological differences between primary and metastatic breast cancer
Szekely B, Bossuyt V, Li X, Wali VB, Patwardhan GA, Frederick C, Silber A, Park T, Harigopal M, Pelekanou V, Zhang M, Yan Q, Rimm DL, Bianchini G, Hatzis C, Pusztai L. Immunological differences between primary and metastatic breast cancer. Annals Of Oncology 2018, 29: 2232-2239. PMID: 30203045, DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy399.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAgedAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalB7-H1 AntigenBiomarkers, TumorBiopsyBreast NeoplasmsDisease ProgressionDrug Resistance, NeoplasmFemaleGene Expression RegulationHumansImmunologic SurveillanceLymphocyte CountLymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingMiddle AgedMutation RateTumor EscapeTumor MicroenvironmentYoung AdultConceptsMetastatic breast cancerBreast cancerTherapeutic targetToll-like receptor pathway genesImmuno-oncology therapeutic targetsBreast cancer evolvesImmune proteasome expressionPD-L1 positivityCorresponding primary tumorsPotential therapeutic targetMHC class IImmune-related genesMetastatic cancer samplesLigand/receptor pairLymphocyte countT helperT-regsPD-L1Immune microenvironmentCytotoxic TPrimary tumorMastoid cellsDisease progressionTherapeutic combinationsMacrophage markersAndrogen receptor expression is a favorable prognostic factor in triple-negative breast cancers
Zuo T, Wilson P, Cicek AF, Harigopal M. Androgen receptor expression is a favorable prognostic factor in triple-negative breast cancers. Human Pathology 2018, 80: 239-245. PMID: 29902579, DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.06.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTriple-negative breast cancerDisease-free survivalBasal-like triple-negative breast cancerFavorable prognostic factorAndrogen receptor expressionAR expressionOverall survivalBreast cancerAR positivityPrognostic factorsTumor sizeHistologic gradeReceptor expressionTissue microarrayAR-positive triple-negative breast cancerSubgroups of TNBCAR-negative TNBCLack estrogen receptorBetter overall survivalDose-dependent effectNodal statusWorse prognosisPathologic stagePatient groupProgesterone receptorDurvalumab (MEDI4736) concurrent with nab-paclitaxel and dose dense doxorubicin cyclophosphamide (ddAC) as neoadjuvant therapy for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC).
Pusztai L, Hofstatter E, Chung G, Horowitz N, Lannin D, Killelea B, Chagpar A, DiGiovanna M, Frederick C, Burello T, Harigopal M. Durvalumab (MEDI4736) concurrent with nab-paclitaxel and dose dense doxorubicin cyclophosphamide (ddAC) as neoadjuvant therapy for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2018, 36: 586-586. DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.36.15_suppl.586.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchStrong androgen receptor expression can aid in distinguishing GATA3+ metastases
Boto A, Harigopal M. Strong androgen receptor expression can aid in distinguishing GATA3+ metastases. Human Pathology 2018, 75: 63-70. PMID: 29408697, DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.01.024.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGATA3-positive tumorsAndrogen receptor expressionBreast originMetastatic settingUrothelial originAR expressionAR stainingAndrogen receptorReceptor expressionBreast cancerUnknown originBreast cancer tissue microarrayMarker of breastStrong AR expressionCancer tissue microarrayMammaglobin expressionUrothelial carcinomaLobular carcinomaProgesterone receptorEstrogen receptorTissue microarrayMammary originCarcinomaGATA3 expressionGATA3