2024
Long‐Term Mortality Predictors Using a Machine‐Learning Approach in Patients With Chronic Limb‐Threatening Ischemia After Peripheral Vascular Intervention
Callegari S, Romain G, Cleman J, Scierka L, Jacque F, Smolderen K, Mena‐Hurtado C. Long‐Term Mortality Predictors Using a Machine‐Learning Approach in Patients With Chronic Limb‐Threatening Ischemia After Peripheral Vascular Intervention. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2024, 13: e034477. PMID: 38761075, PMCID: PMC11179837, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.124.034477.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChronic limb-threatening ischemiaPeripheral vascular interventionsHealth careLimb-threatening ischemiaMortality predictorsLong-term mortality riskMultidimensional risk factorsBody mass indexLong-term mortality predictorsImprove individualized careVascular interventionsIndividualized careAssisted careBiopsychosocial modelMortality riskCareMass indexRisk factorsMedical comorbiditiesRisk profileInterventionMortality rateChronic kidney diseaseMortalityPredictive variables
2022
Variability in 30-day major amputation rates following endovascular peripheral vascular intervention for critical limb ischemia
Provance JB, Spertus JA, Jones PG, Hoffman MA, Bunte MC, Vogel TR, Mena-Hurtado C, Smolderen KG. Variability in 30-day major amputation rates following endovascular peripheral vascular intervention for critical limb ischemia. Vascular Medicine 2022, 27: 350-357. PMID: 35603755, DOI: 10.1177/1358863x221098097.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPeripheral vascular interventionsCritical limb ischemiaMedian risk ratioEndovascular peripheral vascular interventionsMajor amputation ratePatient-level factorsAmputation ratePVI procedureLimb ischemiaRisk ratioVascular interventionsNational electronic health record databaseElectronic health record databasePredictors of amputationRate of amputationMixed effects Poisson regression modelHealth record databaseEffects Poisson regression modelPoisson regression modelsCLI carePrevious amputationClinical factorsCLI treatmentBlack raceDiagnosis codesFrailty and outcomes following revascularization of lower-extremity peripheral artery disease: Insights from the Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI)
Al-Damluji MS, Smolderen KG, Meng C, Dai F, Nanna MG, Sumpio B, Henke P, Mena-Hurtado C. Frailty and outcomes following revascularization of lower-extremity peripheral artery disease: Insights from the Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI). Vascular Medicine 2022, 27: 251-257. PMID: 35485400, DOI: 10.1177/1358863x221083701.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRisk Analysis IndexVascular Quality InitiativeLower extremity revascularizationFrailty screening toolsMFI-5Lower extremity peripheral artery diseaseScreening toolFrailty detectionAddition of frailtyPAD risk factorsPeripheral artery diseasePAD populationRevascularization typeVascular cohortMajor amputationPerioperative outcomesArtery diseaseFrailty indexFrailty toolsAdjusted analysisUnplanned amputationRisk factorsHigher oddsPredictive valuePatients
2021
Safety and efficacy outcomes of the Pioneer Plus catheter in endovascular revascularization of lower extremity chronic total occlusions
Sheikh AB, Llanos-Chea F, Jelani QU, Anantha-Narayanan M, Attaran R, Schneider M, Ionescu C, Regan C, Nagpal S, Smolderen KG, Mena-Hurtado C. Safety and efficacy outcomes of the Pioneer Plus catheter in endovascular revascularization of lower extremity chronic total occlusions. Journal Of Vascular Surgery 2021, 74: 746-755. PMID: 33592298, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2021.01.045.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMajor adverse limb eventsAdverse limb eventsDevice-related complicationsProcedure-related complicationsProcedure-related outcomesProcedural successEfficacy outcomesPseudoaneurysm formationSafety outcomesLimb eventsLower extremity chronic total occlusionMajor adverse cardiovascular eventsChronic total occlusion interventionAccess site hematomaAcute arterial thrombosisAcute limb ischemiaAdverse cardiovascular eventsProvider-level factorsArteriovenous fistula formationHigh-volume centersChronic total occlusionMajor bleedingPreprocedural symptomsCardiovascular eventsCatheter useContemporary Trends in Hospital Admissions and Outcomes in Patients With Critical Limb Ischemia
Anantha-Narayanan M, Doshi RP, Patel K, Sheikh AB, Llanos-Chea F, Abbott JD, Shishehbor MH, Guzman RJ, Hiatt WR, Duval S, Mena-Hurtado C, Smolderen KG. Contemporary Trends in Hospital Admissions and Outcomes in Patients With Critical Limb Ischemia. Circulation Cardiovascular Quality And Outcomes 2021, 14: e007539. PMID: 33541110, DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.120.007539.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLength of stayMajor amputationCost of hospitalizationHospital mortalitySurgical interventionEndovascular interventionBlack raceHigh-risk patient profileNational Inpatient Sample dataHigher major amputationMore endovascular interventionsRisk patient profileCritical limb ischemiaOpen surgical interventionMultivariable regression analysisHierarchical multivariable regression analysisCLI cohortHospital admissionLimb ischemiaPrimary outcomeRevascularization proceduresSecondary outcomesAtherosclerotic diseaseMale sexFemale sex
2020
Association of Diabetes Mellitus With Health Status Outcomes in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease: Insights From the PORTRAIT Registry
Patel KK, Alturkmani H, Gosch K, Mena‐Hurtado C, Shishehbor MH, Peri‐Okonny P, Creager MA, Spertus JA, Smolderen KG. Association of Diabetes Mellitus With Health Status Outcomes in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease: Insights From the PORTRAIT Registry. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2020, 9: e017103. PMID: 33153398, PMCID: PMC7763706, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.017103.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPeripheral artery diseasePAQ summary scoreDiabetes mellitusHealth statusArtery diseaseSummary scoresEffect of DMInteraction of DMPAD-specific health statusSymptomatic peripheral artery diseaseAdverse limb eventsHealth status benefitsBaseline health statusHealth status outcomesPoor health statusHealth status gainsComorbidity burdenPAD progressionPAD severityPORTRAIT registryBackground PatientsConclusions PatientsInternational registryRecent exacerbationSpecialty clinicUtility of Intravascular Ultrasound in Peripheral Vascular Interventions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Sheikh AB, Anantha-Narayanan M, Smolderen KG, Jelani QU, Nagpal S, Schneider M, Llanos F, Ionescu C, Regan C, Attaran R, Altin SE, Mena-Hurtado C. Utility of Intravascular Ultrasound in Peripheral Vascular Interventions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vascular And Endovascular Surgery 2020, 54: 413-422. PMID: 32338163, DOI: 10.1177/1538574420920998.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPeripheral vascular interventionsPeriprocedural adverse eventsVascular complicationsAdverse eventsIntravascular ultrasoundPrimary patencyCause mortalityTechnical successMyocardial infarctionObservational studyVascular interventionsEnd pointSimilar patency ratesSimilar primary patencyPrimary end pointRate of reinterventionSecondary end pointsPeripheral arterial diseaseImproved clinical outcomesIVUS groupAmputation rateArterial diseaseClinical outcomesPatency ratesLower riskLevel of disease and association with health status in patients presenting with claudication from the PORTRAIT registry
Vogel TR, Braet DJ, Kruse RL, Bath J, Wang J, Gosch K, Smolderen KG. Level of disease and association with health status in patients presenting with claudication from the PORTRAIT registry. Journal Of Vascular Surgery 2020, 72: 2017-2026. PMID: 32325227, DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2020.03.042.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedFemaleFunctional StatusHealth Status IndicatorsHumansIntermittent ClaudicationMaleMiddle AgedPatient SatisfactionPeripheral Arterial DiseasePredictive Value of TestsQuality of LifeRegistriesRetrospective StudiesSeverity of Illness IndexSurveys and QuestionnairesTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeConceptsPeripheral artery diseasePAQ summary scorePeripheral Artery QuestionnaireQuality of lifeAnkle-brachial indexMultilevel diseaseAortoiliac diseaseHealth statusAnatomic levelSummary scoresMedical managementHigh ankle-brachial indexFemoral-popliteal diseaseTreatment of aortoiliacChronic kidney diseaseHistory of diabetesPAQ scoresPeripheral arterial diseaseOverall health statusSimilar health statusHealth status informationStudent's t-testLevel of diseaseRepeated-measures analysisInfrapopliteal disease
2019
Financial barriers in accessing medical care for peripheral artery disease are associated with delay of presentation and adverse health status outcomes in the United States
Jelani QU, Jhamnani S, Spatz ES, Spertus J, Smolderen KG, Wang J, Desai NR, Jones P, Gosch K, Shah S, Attaran R, Mena-Hurtado C. Financial barriers in accessing medical care for peripheral artery disease are associated with delay of presentation and adverse health status outcomes in the United States. Vascular Medicine 2019, 25: 13-24. PMID: 31603393, DOI: 10.1177/1358863x19872542.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedFemaleHealth Care CostsHealth Services AccessibilityHealth Status DisparitiesHealthcare DisparitiesHumansInsurance, HealthMaleMedically UninsuredMiddle AgedPatient Reported Outcome MeasuresPeripheral Arterial DiseaseProspective StudiesQuality of LifeRisk FactorsTime FactorsTime-to-TreatmentUnited StatesConceptsPeripheral artery diseasePeripheral Artery QuestionnaireHealth status outcomesHealth statusArtery diseaseStatus outcomesFinancial barriersGeneral health-related qualityDisease-specific health statusPatient-reported health statusDelay of presentationPatient-reported difficultyVascular specialty clinicsPeripheral arterial diseaseEuroQol-5 DimensionsHealth-related qualityPoor health statusUnited States patientsMulticenter registryMultivariable adjustmentPAD symptomsArterial diseaseTreatment patternsUS patientsLate presentationEffect on 30-Day Readmissions after Early Versus Delayed Discharge after Uncomplicated Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (from the Nationwide Readmissions Database)
Omer MA, Smolderen K, Kennedy K, Elgendy IY, Kolte D, Jones PG, Spertus JA, Arnold SV. Effect on 30-Day Readmissions after Early Versus Delayed Discharge after Uncomplicated Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (from the Nationwide Readmissions Database). The American Journal Of Cardiology 2019, 125: 100-106. PMID: 31735327, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.09.040.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTranscatheter aortic valve implantationAortic valve implantationEarly dischargeReadmission ratesValve implantationChronic conditionsUncomplicated Transcatheter Aortic Valve ImplantationNational Readmission DatabasePropensity-matched cohortRisk of readmissionSingle-center studyBroad clinical practiceEarly VersusPatient characteristicsPatient factorsClinical practiceLate dischargeUS hospitalsReadmissionTAVRCohortDischarge strategyHigh rateSimilar ratesImplantation
2018
Guideline‐directed statin intensification in patients with new or worsening symptoms of peripheral artery disease
Khariton Y, Patel KK, Chan PS, Pokharel Y, Wang J, Spertus JA, Safley DM, Hiatt WR, Smolderen KG. Guideline‐directed statin intensification in patients with new or worsening symptoms of peripheral artery disease. Clinical Cardiology 2018, 41: 1414-1422. PMID: 30284297, PMCID: PMC6489902, DOI: 10.1002/clc.23087.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAustraliaDisease ProgressionDyslipidemiasFemaleGuideline AdherenceHumansHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsIntermittent ClaudicationMaleMiddle AgedNetherlandsPeripheral Arterial DiseasePractice Guidelines as TopicPractice Patterns, Physicians'Prospective StudiesRegistriesTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesConceptsPeripheral artery diseaseAdjusted median odds ratioStatin intensificationClaudication symptomsStatin therapyGuideline therapyArtery diseaseSpecialty clinicACC/AHA cholesterol guidelinesHigh-intensity statin treatmentHigh-intensity statinsLow-intensity statinsProvider-level variationMedian odds ratioCholesterol guidelinesPORTRAIT registryMost patientsOlder patientsPAD symptomsStatin treatmentMedical therapyPatient factorsAppropriate therapyOdds ratioLower oddsEffectiveness of a comprehensive interactive eHealth intervention on patient-reported and clinical outcomes in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator [ACQUIRE-ICD trial]: study protocol of a national Danish randomised controlled trial
Pedersen SS, Skovbakke SJ, Wiil UK, Schmidt T, dePont Christensen R, Brandt CJ, Sørensen J, Vinther M, Larroudé CE, Melchior TM, Riahi S, Smolderen KGE, Spertus JA, Johansen JB, Nielsen JC. Effectiveness of a comprehensive interactive eHealth intervention on patient-reported and clinical outcomes in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator [ACQUIRE-ICD trial]: study protocol of a national Danish randomised controlled trial. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders 2018, 18: 136. PMID: 29969990, PMCID: PMC6029360, DOI: 10.1186/s12872-018-0872-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsDefibrillators, ImplantableDenmarkElectric CountershockHealth StatusHeart FailureHumansMental HealthMulticenter Studies as TopicPatient Reported Outcome MeasuresPredictive Value of TestsProspective StudiesQuality of LifeRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRemote Sensing TechnologyRisk FactorsTelemedicineTelemetryTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeConceptsImplantable cardioverter defibrillatorQuality of lifeEHealth interventionsUsual careClinical outcomesCardioverter defibrillatorFlorida Patient Acceptance SurveyCardiac synchronization therapyFirst ICD therapyTrial registrationThe trialCare innovationsManagement of patientsPatient-reported outcomesFirst‐time implantable cardioverter defibrillatorsMonitoring of symptomsQuality of carePatient-physician interactionFirst hospitalisationICD therapyPrimary endpointSecondary endpointsMore patientsSuperiority trialDisease management approachClinical effectivenessDepression and long-term prognostic outcomes following peripheral endovascular interventions in the VA Healthcare System
Smolderen KG, Plomondon ME, Armstrong EJ, Hess E, Waldo S, Tsai TT, Maddox TM. Depression and long-term prognostic outcomes following peripheral endovascular interventions in the VA Healthcare System. Vascular Medicine 2018, 23: 454-460. PMID: 29801427, DOI: 10.1177/1358863x18770275.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAge FactorsAgedChi-Square DistributionComorbidityDepressionEndovascular ProceduresFemaleHumansHypertensionKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial InfarctionPeripheral Arterial DiseaseProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsStrokeTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesUnited States Department of Veterans AffairsConceptsNon-fatal cardiovascular eventsPeripheral vascular interventionsCardiovascular eventsDiagnosis of depressionHazard ratioMedical recordsAge-adjusted hazard ratioLong-term prognostic outcomesNon-fatal cardiovascular outcomesPeripheral endovascular interventionsLong-term outcomesPatients' medical recordsVA healthcare systemVeterans Affairs centersCause deathCardiovascular outcomesConsecutive patientsAdditional covariatesEndovascular interventionRecent diagnosisPrognostic outcomesDepressed patientsDisease outcomeVascular interventionsHigh riskRacial Heterogeneity in Treatment Effects in Peripheral Artery Disease
Pokharel Y, Jones PG, Graham G, Collins T, Regensteiner JG, Murphy TP, Cohen D, Spertus JA, Smolderen K. Racial Heterogeneity in Treatment Effects in Peripheral Artery Disease. Circulation Cardiovascular Quality And Outcomes 2018, 11: e004157. PMID: 29643064, PMCID: PMC5901766, DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.117.004157.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchBlack or African AmericanCanadaEndovascular ProceduresExercise TherapyExercise ToleranceFemaleHealth Status DisparitiesHumansIntermittent ClaudicationMaleMiddle AgedPeripheral Arterial DiseaseQuality of LifeRecovery of FunctionSurveys and QuestionnairesTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesWalk TestWhite PeoplePORTRAIT (Patient-Centered Outcomes Related to Treatment Practices in Peripheral Arterial Disease
Smolderen KG, Gosch K, Patel M, Jones WS, Hirsch AT, Beltrame J, Fitridge R, Shishehbor MH, Denollet J, Vriens P, Heyligers J, Stone MEd N, Aronow H, Abbott JD, Labrosciano C, Tutein-Nolthenius R, A Spertus J. PORTRAIT (Patient-Centered Outcomes Related to Treatment Practices in Peripheral Arterial Disease. Circulation Cardiovascular Quality And Outcomes 2018, 11: e003860. PMID: 29440123, DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.117.003860.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAustraliaCardiovascular AgentsExercise TherapyFemaleHealth StatusHealth Status IndicatorsHealthcare DisparitiesHumansIntermittent ClaudicationLife StyleMaleMiddle AgedMulticenter Studies as TopicNetherlandsPatient Outcome AssessmentPeripheral Arterial DiseaseProspective StudiesQuality of LifeRegistriesResearch DesignRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesVascular Surgical ProceduresConceptsHealth status outcomesHealth statusMedical historyMedical recordsStatus outcomesAbnormal ankle-brachial indexPAD-related hospitalizationAnkle-brachial indexCardiovascular risk factorsMajor cardiovascular eventsPatients' medical recordsComparative effectiveness studiesHealth status dataPatient's medical historyPatients' health statusQuality of lifeClaudication symptomsEligible patientsCardiovascular eventsPAD symptomsPatient characteristicsClinician adherenceRisk stratificationLifestyle factorsFunctional status
2017
Prognostic Impact of Subsequent Acute Coronary Syndrome and Unplanned Revascularization on Long‐Term Mortality After an Index Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Report From a Japanese Multicenter Registry
Inohara T, Kohsaka S, Miyata H, Sawano M, Ueda I, Maekawa Y, Fukuda K, Jones PG, Cohen DJ, Zhao Z, Spertus JA, Smolderen KG. Prognostic Impact of Subsequent Acute Coronary Syndrome and Unplanned Revascularization on Long‐Term Mortality After an Index Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Report From a Japanese Multicenter Registry. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2017, 6: e006529. PMID: 29079567, PMCID: PMC5721753, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.006529.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcute Coronary SyndromeAgedAngina, UnstableChi-Square DistributionFemaleHospitals, TeachingHumansIncidenceJapanLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial InfarctionPercutaneous Coronary InterventionPropensity ScoreProportional Hazards ModelsRegistriesRetreatmentRisk FactorsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeConceptsSubsequent acute coronary syndromeAcute coronary syndromePercutaneous coronary interventionPropensity-matched cohortUnplanned coronary revascularizationIndex percutaneous coronary interventionComposite end pointUnplanned revascularizationCoronary revascularizationCoronary syndromeCoronary interventionUnstable anginaClinical trialsEnd pointJapanese multicenter registryLong-term mortalityAcute myocardial infarctionRisk of mortalityProportional hazards modelLong-term survivalJapanese teaching hospitalsCause mortalityMulticenter registryPCI patientsSubsequent survivalPreinfarct Health Status and the Use of Early Invasive Versus Ischemia-Guided Management in Non–ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome
Qintar M, Smolderen KG, Chan PS, Gosch KL, Jones PG, Buchanan DM, Girotra S, Spertus JA. Preinfarct Health Status and the Use of Early Invasive Versus Ischemia-Guided Management in Non–ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome. The American Journal Of Cardiology 2017, 120: 1062-1069. PMID: 28797471, PMCID: PMC5766265, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2017.06.045.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEarly invasive managementEarly invasive treatmentInvasive managementHealth statusMyocardial infarctionInvasive treatmentAcute Myocardial Infarction Patients' Health StatusAcute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk scoreElevation acute coronary syndromeProspective Registry Evaluating OutcomesHighest risk decileHospital treatment strategiesPoor baseline qualityAcute coronary syndromeElevation myocardial infarctionWorse health statusHigher mortality riskPatients' health statusQuality of lifeAngina frequencyNSTEMI cohortCoronary syndromeGRACE scoreMulticenter registryNon–STDepression Treatment and 1-Year Mortality After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Smolderen KG, Buchanan DM, Gosch K, Whooley M, Chan PS, Vaccarino V, Parashar S, Shah AJ, Ho PM, Spertus JA. Depression Treatment and 1-Year Mortality After Acute Myocardial Infarction. Circulation 2017, 135: 1681-1689. PMID: 28209727, PMCID: PMC5796757, DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.025140.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAntidepressive AgentsCause of DeathDepressionFemaleHealth StatusHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMental HealthMiddle AgedMyocardial InfarctionProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesQuality of LifeRegistriesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesConceptsAcute myocardial infarctionPatient Health Questionnaire-9Untreated depressionMyocardial infarctionObservational multicenter cohort studyMulticenter cohort studyOne-year mortalityLong-term mortalityPrognosis of patientsPHQ-9 scoresTreatment of depressionPHQ-9 criteriaAMI severityPHQ scoresTRIUMPH studyCohort studyClinical factorsDepression treatmentDischarge diagnosisQuestionnaire-9Medical recordsAMI admissionsPatientsBetter outcomesMortality rate
2016
Health Status Outcomes in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction After Rehospitalization
Shore S, Smolderen KG, Kennedy KF, Jones PG, Arnold SV, Cohen DJ, Stolker JM, Zhao Z, Wang TY, Ho PM, Spertus JA. Health Status Outcomes in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction After Rehospitalization. Circulation Cardiovascular Quality And Outcomes 2016, 9: 777-784. PMID: 27780850, PMCID: PMC5794496, DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.116.002883.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAngina, UnstableFemaleHealth StatusHealth Status IndicatorsHumansLinear ModelsLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisMyocardial InfarctionMyocardial RevascularizationPatient ReadmissionPredictive Value of TestsPropensity ScoreProspective StudiesQuality of LifeRegistriesRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesTime FactorsUnited StatesConceptsAcute myocardial infarctionComposite end pointUnplanned revascularizationUnstable anginaMyocardial infarctionHealth statusEuroQol-5D visual analogue scaleVisual analog scale scoreEnd pointUnplanned coronary revascularizationPropensity-matched cohortAnalog scale scoreSeattle Angina QuestionnaireVisual analog scaleHealth status outcomesWorse health statusAngina QuestionnaireCoronary revascularizationRehospitalization ratesAnalog scaleMean ageSuch readmissionsQuestionnaire domainsClinical trialsRehospitalization
2015
Long‐Term Prognostic Risk in Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease as a Function of the Number of Peripheral Arterial Lesions
Smolderen KG, van Zitteren M, Jones PG, Spertus JA, Heyligers JM, Nooren MJ, Vriens PW, Denollet J. Long‐Term Prognostic Risk in Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease as a Function of the Number of Peripheral Arterial Lesions. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2015, 4: e001823. PMID: 26504149, PMCID: PMC4845133, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.001823.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedArteriesChi-Square DistributionDisease ProgressionFemaleHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateLower ExtremityMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisNetherlandsPeripheral Arterial DiseasePredictive Value of TestsPrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSeverity of Illness IndexTime FactorsUltrasonography, Doppler, DuplexConceptsLower extremity lesionsPeripheral artery diseasePAD patientsAdverse prognosisExtremity lesionsLower Extremity Peripheral Arterial DiseaseSimple risk stratification toolDuplex ultrasound testingPeripheral arterial lesionsClinical risk factorsPeripheral arterial diseaseFirst adverse eventGreater disease burdenLong-term prognosisRisk stratification toolPAD diagnosisAdverse eventsProspective cohortArtery diseaseArterial diseaseArterial lesionsPrognostic riskDisease burdenIndependent associationRisk factors