2018
Availability of Investigational Medicines Through the US Food and Drug Administration’s Expanded Access and Compassionate Use Programs
Puthumana J, Miller JE, Kim J, Ross JS. Availability of Investigational Medicines Through the US Food and Drug Administration’s Expanded Access and Compassionate Use Programs. JAMA Network Open 2018, 1: e180283-e180283. PMID: 30646072, PMCID: PMC6324420, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.0283.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCompassionate use programInvestigational medicinesFDA approvalNew drug application submissionAccess programExpanded AccessUS FoodAvailable FDA documentsLife-threatening conditionCross-sectional studyEvidence of safetyProtection of patientsUse programClinical trialsMAIN OUTCOMEDrug AdministrationInfectious diseasesDrug accessClinical development periodsFDA documentsApplication submissionPatientsDiseaseApprovalMonths
2017
US Food and Drug Administration Clearance of Moderate‐Risk Otolaryngologic Devices via the 510(k) Process, 1997‐2016
Rathi VK, Gadkaree SK, Ross JS, Kozin ED, Sethi RK, Naunheim MR, Puram SV, Gray ST. US Food and Drug Administration Clearance of Moderate‐Risk Otolaryngologic Devices via the 510(k) Process, 1997‐2016. Otolaryngology 2017, 157: 608-617. PMID: 28786317, DOI: 10.1177/0194599817721689.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPremarket evidenceClinical evidenceClinical performance dataUS FoodAvailable FDA documentsFDA documentsEvidence of safetyDrug Administration clearanceOne-quarterNonclinical evidenceClinical practiceDrug AdministrationFDA clearanceOne-thirdTwo-thirdsClearanceFDATherapeutic devicesEvidenceSafetyOtolaryngologistsMajorityOtologicClinical Evidence Supporting US Food and Drug Administration Approval of Otolaryngologic Prescription Drug Indications, 2005‐2014
Rathi VK, Wang B, Ross JS, Downing NS, Kesselheim AS, Gray ST. Clinical Evidence Supporting US Food and Drug Administration Approval of Otolaryngologic Prescription Drug Indications, 2005‐2014. Otolaryngology 2017, 156: 683-692. PMID: 28116974, DOI: 10.1177/0194599816689666.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPivotal studiesOriginal indicationPrimary endpointClinical evidenceDrug indicationsSupplemental indicationsUS FoodFDA approvalAvailable FDA documentsDouble-blinded studyDrug Administration approvalInformed treatment decisionsPivotal clinical studiesPremarket evidenceOtolaryngologic diseaseMedian enrollmentSurrogate markerAdministration approvalClinical studiesTreatment decisionsMost indicationsDrug AdministrationInitial approvalMultidisciplinary teamPrescription drugsClinical Evidence Supporting US Food and Drug Administration Premarket Approval of High‐Risk Otolaryngologic Devices, 2000‐2014
Rathi VK, Wang B, Ross JS, Downing NS, Kesselheim AS, Gray ST. Clinical Evidence Supporting US Food and Drug Administration Premarket Approval of High‐Risk Otolaryngologic Devices, 2000‐2014. Otolaryngology 2017, 156: 285-288. PMID: 28093943, DOI: 10.1177/0194599816684094.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPostapproval studiesPivotal studiesUS FoodPrimary effectiveness end pointAvailable FDA documentsEffectiveness end pointPivotal clinical studiesBenefit-risk assessmentCross-sectional analysisPremarket evidenceMedian durationClinical evidenceDrug Administration premarket approvalsOtolaryngologic diseaseMedian enrollmentClinical studiesHigh-risk medical devicesDrug AdministrationEnd pointHigh-risk devicesFDA documentsOne-thirdTwo-thirdsPremarket approvalFDA
2016
Participation of the elderly, women, and minorities in pivotal trials supporting 2011–2013 U.S. Food and Drug Administration approvals
Downing NS, Shah ND, Neiman JH, Aminawung JA, Krumholz HM, Ross JS. Participation of the elderly, women, and minorities in pivotal trials supporting 2011–2013 U.S. Food and Drug Administration approvals. Trials 2016, 17: 199. PMID: 27079511, PMCID: PMC4832528, DOI: 10.1186/s13063-016-1322-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAge FactorsAgedClinical Trials as TopicCross-Sectional StudiesDatabases, FactualDrug ApprovalEthnicityFemaleHealth Status DisparitiesHealthcare DisparitiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedMinority GroupsPatient SelectionSex FactorsTime FactorsUnited StatesUnited States Food and Drug AdministrationConceptsSubgroup efficacy analysesPivotal trialsEfficacy analysisNovel therapeuticsSubgroup analysisTrial participantsU.S. FoodMean proportionAvailable FDA documentsCross-sectional studyDrug Administration approvalBasis of approvalYears of ageTrial patientsElderly patientsMedian ageBlack patientsAsian patientsAdministration approvalClinical studiesFDA reviewersPatientsHispanic participantsTrialsDemographic characteristics
2015
Characteristics of Clinical Studies Conducted Over the Total Product Life Cycle of High-Risk Therapeutic Medical Devices Receiving FDA Premarket Approval in 2010 and 2011
Rathi VK, Krumholz HM, Masoudi FA, Ross JS. Characteristics of Clinical Studies Conducted Over the Total Product Life Cycle of High-Risk Therapeutic Medical Devices Receiving FDA Premarket Approval in 2010 and 2011. JAMA 2015, 314: 604-612. PMID: 26262798, DOI: 10.1001/jama.2015.8761.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPrimary effectiveness end pointEffectiveness end pointPostmarket studiesClinical studiesClinical evidencePMA pathwayPremarket studiesEnd pointAvailable FDA documentsInitial marketing approvalPremarket approval pathwayTherapeutic devicesMedian durationMedian enrollmentHigh-risk medical devicesMAIN OUTCOMEPatientsDrug AdministrationUS FoodFDA approvalMarketing approvalLonger durationFDA documentsMonthsPostmarket
2014
Clinical Trial Evidence Supporting FDA Approval of Novel Therapeutic Agents, 2005-2012
Downing NS, Aminawung JA, Shah ND, Krumholz HM, Ross JS. Clinical Trial Evidence Supporting FDA Approval of Novel Therapeutic Agents, 2005-2012. JAMA 2014, 311: 368-377. PMID: 24449315, PMCID: PMC4144867, DOI: 10.1001/jama.2013.282034.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPivotal efficacy trialsNovel therapeutic agentsClinical trial evidencePivotal trialsEfficacy trialsTherapeutic agentsEnd pointTrial evidenceMedian numberAvailable FDA documentsSingle pivotal trialTrial end pointsSurrogate end pointsNumber of patientsLength of treatmentCross-sectional analysisPrimary outcomeClinical outcomesTrial completion ratesClinical benefitPlacebo comparatorSurrogate outcomesMAIN OUTCOMEDrug AdministrationUS Food