2023
In-hospital complications associated with pulmonary vein isolation with adjunctive lesions: the NCDR AFib Ablation Registry
Darden D, Aldaas O, Du C, Munir M, Feld G, Pothineni N, Gopinathannair R, Lakkireddy D, Curtis J, Freeman J, Akar J, Hsu J. In-hospital complications associated with pulmonary vein isolation with adjunctive lesions: the NCDR AFib Ablation Registry. EP Europace 2023, 25: euad124. PMID: 37184436, PMCID: PMC10228609, DOI: 10.1093/europace/euad124.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPulmonary vein isolationRisk of complicationsPersistent AFAblation RegistryHospital complicationsVein isolationAdjusted oddsHigher comorbidity burdenAtrial fibrillation ablationCavotricuspid isthmus ablationMultivariable logistic regressionComorbidity burdenMore comorbiditiesAdverse eventsFibrillation ablationIsthmus ablationMajor complicationsCTI ablationHigh heterogeneitySafety outcomesHigh riskComplicationsAblation lesionsLesion typeLesionsLong-Term Outcomes of Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Among Medicare Beneficiaries
Almarzooq Z, Tamez H, Wang Y, Curtis J, Kirtane A, Secemsky E, Valsdottir L, Yeh R. Long-Term Outcomes of Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Among Medicare Beneficiaries. Journal Of The Society For Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions 2023, 2: 100584. PMID: 39129810, PMCID: PMC11307545, DOI: 10.1016/j.jscai.2023.100584.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNon-CTO percutaneous coronary interventionCTO percutaneous coronary interventionPercutaneous coronary interventionLong-term major adverse cardiovascular eventsChronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary interventionMajor adverse cardiovascular eventsAdverse cardiovascular eventsHospital eventsHigh riskCardiovascular eventsCoronary interventionMyocardial infarctionLower riskNational Cardiovascular Data Registry CathPCI RegistryST-elevation myocardial infarctionHospital event ratesElevation myocardial infarctionLong-term outcomesRepeat revascularizationStable anginaCathPCI RegistryResults PatientsTerm outcomesPCI proceduresMedicare beneficiaries
2022
Sex-based differences in atrial fibrillation ablation adverse events
Mszar R, Friedman D, Ong E, Du C, Wang Y, Zeitler E, Cunningham S, Akar J, Curtis J, Freeman J. Sex-based differences in atrial fibrillation ablation adverse events. Heart 2022, 109: 595-605. PMID: 36104219, DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2022-321192.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute pulmonary vein isolationAdverse eventsPulmonary vein isolationAtrial fibrillationHigh riskSex-based differencesVein isolationCatheter ablationFemale sexLarge prospective registryHospital adverse eventsMajor adverse eventsObservational cohort studyPhrenic nerve damageAF ablation proceduresQuality of lifeAblation RegistryMore comorbiditiesProspective registryAF ablationCohort studyPericardial effusionNerve damagePatient sexVascular injury
2021
The bleeding risk treatment paradox at the physician and hospital level: Implications for reducing bleeding in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
Amin AP, Frogge N, Kulkarni H, Ridolfi G, Ewald G, Miller R, Hall B, Rogers S, Gluckman T, Curtis J, Masoudi FA, Rao SV. The bleeding risk treatment paradox at the physician and hospital level: Implications for reducing bleeding in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. American Heart Journal 2021, 243: 221-231. PMID: 34543645, DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.08.021.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRisk-treatment paradoxPercutaneous coronary interventionVascular closure deviceCoronary interventionClosure deviceBAS useNational Cardiovascular Data Registry CathPCINational Cardiovascular Data Registry CathPCI RegistryPost-PCI bleedingHigh-risk tertileHigher bleeding rateInter-physician variationLevel of physiciansPCI patientsCathPCI RegistryIndependent predictorsTransradial interventionRisk tertilesCostly complicationBleeding rateHigh prevalenceHigh riskMortality riskBleedingLower risk
2020
Trends in Use and In-Hospital Outcomes of Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators in Patients Undergoing Long-Term Dialysis
Pun PH, Parzynski CS, Friedman DJ, Sanders G, Curtis JP, Al-Khatib SM. Trends in Use and In-Hospital Outcomes of Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators in Patients Undergoing Long-Term Dialysis. Clinical Journal Of The American Society Of Nephrology 2020, 15: 1622-1630. PMID: 32967922, PMCID: PMC7646229, DOI: 10.2215/cjn.07920520.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHospital cardiac arrestSubcutaneous ICDTransvenous ICDICD implantsHospital outcomesICD recipientsICD RegistryCardiac arrestHigh riskNational Cardiovascular Data Registry ICD RegistryFirst-time ICD recipientsPropensity score-weighted analysisImplantable cardioverter defibrillator implantationSubcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillatorIn-Hospital OutcomesShort-term complicationsCardioverter-defibrillator implantationLong-term dialysisVascular access siteImplantable cardioverter defibrillatorCause deathHospital complicationsHospital stayDefibrillator implantationUS patientsSurvival Following Implantable Cardioverter‐Defibrillator Implantation in Patients With Amyloid Cardiomyopathy
Higgins AY, Annapureddy AR, Wang Y, Minges KE, Lampert R, Rosenfeld LE, Jacoby DL, Curtis JP, Miller EJ, Freeman JV. Survival Following Implantable Cardioverter‐Defibrillator Implantation in Patients With Amyloid Cardiomyopathy. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2020, 9: e016038. PMID: 32867553, PMCID: PMC7726970, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.016038.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsImplantable cardioverter defibrillator implantationCardioverter-defibrillator implantationNonischemic cardiomyopathyCardiac amyloidosisDiabetes mellitusCerebrovascular diseaseVentricular tachycardiaMultivariable Cox proportional hazards regression modelsCox proportional hazards regression modelProportional hazards regression modelsKaplan-Meier survival curvesCox proportional hazards modelPropensity-matched cohortOutcomes of patientsHazards regression modelsProportional hazards modelCause mortalityICD implantationRenal functionMultivariable analysisConclusions MortalityRisk factorsRegistry dataAmyloid cardiomyopathyHigh risk
2019
Comparison of Clinical Trials and Administrative Claims to Identify Stroke Among Patients Undergoing Aortic Valve Replacement
Strom JB, Zhao Y, Faridi KF, Tamez H, Butala NM, Valsdottir LR, Curtis J, Brennan JM, Shen C, Boulware M, Popma JJ, Yeh RW. Comparison of Clinical Trials and Administrative Claims to Identify Stroke Among Patients Undergoing Aortic Valve Replacement. Circulation Cardiovascular Interventions 2019, 12: e008231. PMID: 31694411, PMCID: PMC7212938, DOI: 10.1161/circinterventions.119.008231.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdministrative Claims, HealthcareAgedAged, 80 and overAortic ValveAortic Valve StenosisBrain IschemiaClinical Trials as TopicDatabases, FactualFemaleHeart Valve Prosthesis ImplantationHumansIschemic Attack, TransientMaleMedicareRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsStrokeTime FactorsTranscatheter Aortic Valve ReplacementTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesConceptsNegative predictive valueAortic valve replacementCerebrovascular eventsInternational ClassificationPositive predictive valuePredictive valueValve replacementNinth RevisionClinical trialsTenth RevisionBilling codesKaplan-Meier estimatesMedicare inpatient claimsSURTAVI trialClinical event adjudicationDevastating complicationIschemic strokeNeurological eventsCerebrovascular diseaseBilling claimsInpatient claimsEvent adjudicationAdministrative claimsHigh riskTrial participantsAssociation of Physician Specialty With Long-Term Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Complication and Reoperations Rates
Chui PW, Wang Y, Ranasinghe I, Mitiku TY, Seto AH, Rosman L, Lampert R, Minges KE, Enriquez AD, Curtis JP. Association of Physician Specialty With Long-Term Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Complication and Reoperations Rates. Circulation Cardiovascular Quality And Outcomes 2019, 12: e005374. PMID: 31185734, PMCID: PMC7412734, DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.118.005374.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAged, 80 and overClinical CompetenceDefibrillators, ImplantableElectric CountershockFee-for-Service PlansFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMedicarePostoperative ComplicationsPractice Patterns, Physicians'RegistriesReoperationRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSpecializationTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesConceptsLong-term device-related complicationsDevice-related complicationsICD implantationLong-term outcomesPhysician specialtyGeneral cardiologistsThoracic surgeonsHigh riskNational Cardiovascular Data Registry ICD RegistryLong-term adverse outcomesImplantable cardioverter defibrillator implantationPhysician specialty trainingCardioverter-defibrillator implantationCumulative incidence rateCase-mix adjusted ratesReoperation rateBackground PatientsConclusions PatientsICD RegistryPrimary outcomeAdverse outcomesIncidence rateInterventional cardiologistsAdjusted ratesReoperation
2018
Outcomes following implantable cardioverter-defibrillator generator replacement in patients with recovered left ventricular systolic function: The National Cardiovascular Data Registry
Thomas IC, Wang Y, See VY, Minges KE, Curtis JP, Hsu JC. Outcomes following implantable cardioverter-defibrillator generator replacement in patients with recovered left ventricular systolic function: The National Cardiovascular Data Registry. Heart Rhythm 2018, 16: 733-740. PMID: 30414460, DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2018.11.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLV ejection fractionNational Cardiovascular Data Registry ICD RegistryReduced LV ejection fractionICD generator replacementLeft ventricular systolic functionVentricular systolic functionHF readmissionSystolic functionGenerator replacementAdverse outcomesImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Generator ReplacementNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryLV systolic functionEjection fractionICD RegistryPeriprocedural eventsPrognostic associationAmerican CollegeHigh riskData registryLower riskMedicare beneficiariesPatientsReadmissionClinical encounters
2017
Seattle Heart Failure and Proportional Risk Models Predict Benefit From Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators
Bilchick KC, Wang Y, Cheng A, Curtis JP, Dharmarajan K, Stukenborg GJ, Shadman R, Anand I, Lund LH, Dahlström U, Sartipy U, Maggioni A, Swedberg K, O’Conner C, Levy WC. Seattle Heart Failure and Proportional Risk Models Predict Benefit From Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2017, 69: 2606-2618. PMID: 28545633, PMCID: PMC5502749, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.03.568.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSeattle Heart Failure ModelSeattle Proportional Risk ModelNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryPrimary prevention ICDsHeart failureSudden deathCause mortalitySurvival benefitMultivariable Cox proportional hazards regressionCox proportional hazards regressionProportional riskProportional hazards regressionRecent clinical trialsHeart failure modelProportional risk modelControl patientsOverall survivalVentricular arrhythmiasHazards regressionICD benefitClinical trialsCardioverter defibrillatorLarge cohortHigh riskData registry
2016
Development and validation of a simple risk score to predict 30‐day readmission after percutaneous coronary intervention in a cohort of medicare patients
Minges KE, Herrin J, Fiorilli PN, Curtis JP. Development and validation of a simple risk score to predict 30‐day readmission after percutaneous coronary intervention in a cohort of medicare patients. Catheterization And Cardiovascular Interventions 2016, 89: 955-963. PMID: 27515069, PMCID: PMC5397364, DOI: 10.1002/ccd.26701.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAged, 80 and overAlgorithmsDecision Support TechniquesFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMedicareMultivariate AnalysisOdds RatioPatient ReadmissionPercutaneous Coronary InterventionPredictive Value of TestsRegistriesReproducibility of ResultsRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesConceptsRisk of readmissionPCI patientsRisk scoreMultivariable logistic regression modelRisk score developmentDays of dischargeSimple risk scoreTime of dischargeModel c-statisticLogistic regression modelsStepwise selection modelCathPCI RegistryHospital dischargeReadmission ratesClinical factorsRevascularization proceduresValidation cohortC-statisticReadmissionHigh riskMedicare feeLower riskService claimsPatientsCohortTemporal Trends in the Risk Profile of Patients Undergoing Outpatient Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Vora AN, Dai D, Gurm H, Amin AP, Messenger JC, Mahmud E, Mauri L, Wang TY, Roe MT, Curtis J, Patel MR, Dauerman HL, Peterson ED, Rao SV. Temporal Trends in the Risk Profile of Patients Undergoing Outpatient Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Circulation Cardiovascular Interventions 2016, 9: e003070. PMID: 26957417, DOI: 10.1161/circinterventions.115.003070.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRisk profileCathPCI RegistryHospital admissionPatient riskHigh riskCardiology National Cardiovascular Data Registry's CathPCI RegistryNational Cardiovascular Data Registry CathPCI RegistryOutpatient percutaneous coronary interventionPercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) proceduresProportion of outpatientsProportion of patientsPercutaneous coronary interventionInpatient hospital stayCoronary intervention proceduresPost-PCI complicationsLevel of careOutpatient reimbursementHospital stayCoronary interventionGreater comorbidityOutpatient basisPCI proceduresAmerican CollegeLower riskPatients
2014
In-Hospital Complications Associated With Reoperations of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators
Steckman DA, Varosy PD, Parzynski CS, Masoudi FA, Curtis JP, Sauer WH, Nguyen DT. In-Hospital Complications Associated With Reoperations of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators. The American Journal Of Cardiology 2014, 114: 419-426. PMID: 24927972, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.05.010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHospital complicationsComplication rateRepeat proceduresLead extractionICD proceduresMultivariable adjusted odds ratiosNational Cardiovascular Data RegistryInitial implantImplantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) proceduresHierarchical multivariable logistic regressionHospital adverse eventsAdjusted odds ratioHigh complication rateMultivariable logistic regressionLarge national cohortImplantable cardioverter defibrillatorHospital deathAdverse eventsICD implantationPatient characteristicsNational cohortOdds ratioProcedural outcomesCardioverter defibrillatorHigh risk
2013
Association of Single- vs Dual-Chamber ICDs With Mortality, Readmissions, and Complications Among Patients Receiving an ICD for Primary Prevention
Peterson PN, Varosy PD, Heidenreich PA, Wang Y, Dewland TA, Curtis JP, Go AS, Greenlee RT, Magid DJ, Normand SL, Masoudi FA. Association of Single- vs Dual-Chamber ICDs With Mortality, Readmissions, and Complications Among Patients Receiving an ICD for Primary Prevention. JAMA 2013, 309: 2025-2034. PMID: 23677314, PMCID: PMC3752924, DOI: 10.1001/jama.2013.4982.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDual-chamber ICDSingle-chamber devicesDevice-related complicationsPrimary preventionDual-chamber devicesICD RegistryNational Cardiovascular Data Registry ICD RegistryPropensity-matched cohortRetrospective cohort studyHeart failure readmissionRate of complicationsSudden cardiac deathMedicaid Services feePropensity-score matchingCause hospitalizationCause readmissionCohort studyHospital factorsCardiac deathHeart failureHospitalization outcomesRandomized trialsChamber ICDMAIN OUTCOMEHigh risk
2012
Bleeding-Avoidance Strategies and Outcomes in Patients ≥80 Years of Age With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (from the NCDR CathPCI Registry)
Dodson JA, Wang Y, Chaudhry SI, Curtis JP. Bleeding-Avoidance Strategies and Outcomes in Patients ≥80 Years of Age With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (from the NCDR CathPCI Registry). The American Journal Of Cardiology 2012, 110: 1-6. PMID: 22475362, PMCID: PMC3666171, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.02.039.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPrimary percutaneous coronary interventionPrimary PCIBleeding-avoidance strategiesST-segment elevation myocardial infarctionElevation myocardial infarctionPercutaneous coronary interventionMyocardial infarctionCoronary interventionUndergoing primary percutaneous coronary interventionST-elevation myocardial infarctionDirect thrombin inhibitorVascular closure deviceYears of ageBleeding complicationsCathPCI RegistryMultivariable analysisRadial accessClosure deviceHigh riskBleedingPatientsThrombin inhibitorsInfarctionLow bleedingStudy period
2011
Factors Associated With 30-Day Readmission Rates After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Khawaja FJ, Shah ND, Lennon RJ, Slusser JP, Alkatib AA, Rihal CS, Gersh BJ, Montori VM, Holmes DR, Bell MR, Curtis JP, Krumholz HM, Ting HH. Factors Associated With 30-Day Readmission Rates After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. JAMA Internal Medicine 2011, 172: 112-117. PMID: 22123752, PMCID: PMC3688066, DOI: 10.1001/archinternmed.2011.569.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAcute Coronary SyndromeAgedAngina, UnstableAngioplasty, Balloon, CoronaryCoronary Artery BypassEducational StatusFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHeart FailureHumansIschemic Attack, TransientKidney DiseasesLength of StayMaleMedicareMultivariate AnalysisMyocardial InfarctionNeoplasm MetastasisPatient ReadmissionPeptic UlcerProportional Hazards ModelsPulmonary Disease, Chronic ObstructiveRegistriesSex FactorsStrokeUnited StatesConceptsPercutaneous coronary interventionThirty-day readmissionReadmission ratesCoronary interventionHigh riskChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseThirty-day readmission ratesCox proportional hazards modelMultivariate logistic regression modelTransient ischemic attackCongestive heart failureObstructive pulmonary diseasePeptic ulcer diseaseSevere renal diseaseAcute myocardial infarctionLength of stayMain outcome measuresProportional hazards modelSaint Mary's HospitalLogistic regression modelsIschemic attackTime-dependent covariatesUnstable anginaCerebrovascular accidentHeart failureOperator Experience and Carotid Stenting Outcomes in Medicare Beneficiaries
Nallamothu BK, Gurm HS, Ting HH, Goodney PP, Rogers MA, Curtis JP, Dimick JB, Bates ER, Krumholz HM, Birkmeyer JD. Operator Experience and Carotid Stenting Outcomes in Medicare Beneficiaries. JAMA 2011, 306: 1338-1343. PMID: 21954477, PMCID: PMC3208144, DOI: 10.1001/jama.2011.1357.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAge FactorsAgedAged, 80 and overAtherosclerosisCarotid StenosisCenters for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.Clinical CompetenceFee-for-Service PlansFemaleHospital MortalityHumansInsurance CoverageMaleMedicarePhysiciansQuality of Health CareRetrospective StudiesStentsStrokeTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesConceptsAnnual operator volumeCarotid stentingOperator volumeMedicare beneficiariesNational coverage decisionHigh riskOperator experienceStudy periodThirty-day mortalityEmbolic protection devicesHigh-volume operatorsLow-volume operatorsService Medicare beneficiariesLow annual volumeMultivariable adjustmentOlder patientsRate of failureClinical trialsCoverage decisionsObservational studyMAIN OUTCOMEPatientsClinical practiceStentingMore proceduresAge Differences in Primary Prevention Implantable Cardioverter‐Defibrillator Use in U.S. Individuals
Tsai V, Goldstein MK, Hsia HH, Wang Y, Curtis J, Heidenreich PA, Registry O. Age Differences in Primary Prevention Implantable Cardioverter‐Defibrillator Use in U.S. Individuals. Journal Of The American Geriatrics Society 2011, 59: 1589-1595. PMID: 21883101, DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03542.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsICD RegistryICD useNonarrhythmic deathHigh riskImplantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) useHigh comorbid burdenPrior myocardial infarctionRisk of deathHigh-risk individualsRisk stratification systemOlder U.S. adultsYounger age groupsComorbid burdenICD implantationEjection fractionICD recipientsPrimary preventionRetrospective studyMyocardial infarctionMortality riskLower riskAge groupsU.S. adultsYounger groupOlder adultsNon–Evidence-Based ICD Implantations in the United States
Al-Khatib SM, Hellkamp A, Curtis J, Mark D, Peterson E, Sanders GD, Heidenreich PA, Hernandez AF, Curtis LH, Hammill S. Non–Evidence-Based ICD Implantations in the United States. JAMA 2011, 305: 43-49. PMID: 21205965, PMCID: PMC3432303, DOI: 10.1001/jama.2010.1915.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedCardiologyCohort StudiesCoronary Artery BypassDeath, Sudden, CardiacDefibrillators, ImplantableEvidence-Based MedicineFemaleGuideline AdherenceHeart FailureHospital MortalityHumansMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial InfarctionPatient SelectionPractice Patterns, Physicians'Primary PreventionRegistriesRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesConceptsICD implantsHospital outcomesNational Cardiovascular Data Registry ICD RegistryCoronary artery bypass graft surgerySevere heart failure symptomsArtery bypass graft surgeryBypass graft surgeryHeart failure symptomsRetrospective cohort studyYear of procedureEvidence-based criteriaGraft surgeryHospital deathCohort studyICD implantationHeart failurePostprocedure complicationsPrimary preventionMyocardial infarctionRecent diagnosisFailure symptomsPhysician specialtyPractice guidelinesMAIN OUTCOMEHigh risk
2009
Association of Physician Certification and Outcomes Among Patients Receiving an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator
Curtis JP, Luebbert JJ, Wang Y, Rathore SS, Chen J, Heidenreich PA, Hammill SC, Lampert RI, Krumholz HM. Association of Physician Certification and Outcomes Among Patients Receiving an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator. JAMA 2009, 301: 1661-1670. PMID: 19383957, PMCID: PMC2805129, DOI: 10.1001/jama.2009.547.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAged, 80 and overCardiac ElectrophysiologyCertificationClinical CompetenceDefibrillators, ImplantableFemaleHumansIntraoperative ComplicationsLogistic ModelsMaleMedicineMiddle AgedOutcome and Process Assessment, Health CarePhysiciansPostoperative ComplicationsProsthesis ImplantationRegistriesRetrospective StudiesSpecializationTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesConceptsCRT-D devicesThoracic surgeonsICD implantationPhysician certificationImplantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) proceduresRetrospective cohort studyCardiac resynchronization therapyPatients meeting criteriaRisk of complicationsProcedural complication rateImplantable cardioverter defibrillatorHierarchical logistic regression modelsLogistic regression modelsCohort studyComplication rateICD RegistryResynchronization therapyProcedural complicationsIndependent associationPhysician specialtyCardioverter defibrillatorHigh riskPatientsMeeting criteriaNonelectrophysiologists