Evidence-Based Medical Therapy in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction and Chronic Kidney Disease
Beldhuis IE, Lam CSP, Testani JM, Voors AA, Van Spall HGC, Maaten J, Damman K. Evidence-Based Medical Therapy in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction and Chronic Kidney Disease. Circulation 2022, 145: 693-712. PMID: 35226558, PMCID: PMC9074837, DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.052792.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsChronic kidney diseasePresence of CKDSevere chronic kidney diseaseHeart failure hospitalizationReduced ejection fractionHFrEF therapyHeart failureFailure hospitalizationEjection fractionMedical therapyKidney diseaseDrug classesSodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitorsEvidence-based medical therapyGlucose cotransporter 2 inhibitorsStrong independent risk factorEnd pointCKD stage 3bPoor cardiovascular outcomesCKD stage 5Combined end pointCotransporter 2 inhibitorsIndependent risk factorSevere heart failureGlomerular filtration rate