2023
Prednisone vs Placebo and Live Birth in Patients With Recurrent Implantation Failure Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization
Sun Y, Cui L, Lu Y, Tan J, Dong X, Ni T, Yan J, Guan Y, Hao G, Liu J, Zhang B, Wei D, Hong Y, He Y, Qi J, Xu B, Lu J, Zhang Q, Zhao S, Ji X, Du X, Zhang J, Liu J, Wang J, Huang Y, Huang D, Du Y, Vankelecom H, Zhang H, Chen Z. Prednisone vs Placebo and Live Birth in Patients With Recurrent Implantation Failure Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization. JAMA 2023, 329: 1460-1468. PMID: 37129654, PMCID: PMC10155063, DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.5302.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRecurrent implantation failureFrozen-thawed embryo transferBiochemical pregnancy lossLive birthsImplant failurePlacebo groupPrednisone groupPreterm deliveryEmbryo transferPregnancy lossRisk of preterm deliveryRates of biochemical pregnancyEmbryo transfer cyclesGood-quality embryosLive birth rateLive birth outcomesTreatment of recurrent implantation failureStatistically significant between-group differencesHistory of 2Randomized clinical trialsProbability of implantationImmune-regulatory agentSignificant between-group differencesNeonatal complicationsWeeks gestation
2021
Live Birth with or without Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy
Yan J, Qin Y, Zhao H, Sun Y, Gong F, Li R, Sun X, Ling X, Li H, Hao C, Tan J, Yang J, Zhu Y, Liu F, Chen D, Wei D, Lu J, Ni T, Zhou W, Wu K, Gao Y, Shi Y, Lu Y, Zhang T, Wu W, Ma X, Ma H, Fu J, Zhang J, Meng Q, Zhang H, Legro R, Chen Z. Live Birth with or without Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy. New England Journal Of Medicine 2021, 385: 2047-2058. PMID: 34818479, DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2103613.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsConventional in vitro fertilizationCumulative live birth rateLive birth rateIn vitro fertilizationGood-quality blastocystsPGT-A groupPGT-APreimplantation genetic testingLive birthsGenetic testingClinical pregnancy lossImprove pregnancy outcomesInitial embryo transferEmbryo-transfer proceduresYears of ageNeonatal complicationsPregnancy outcomesSubfertile womenEmbryo transferAdverse eventsPregnancy lossNoninferiority marginEmbryo selectionPrimary outcomeBlastocyst
2020
Factors associated with study protocol adherence and bio banking participation in reproductive medicine clinical trials and their relationship to live birth
Engmann L, Sun F, Legro RS, Diamond MP, Zhang H, Santoro N, Bartlebaugh C, Dodson W, Estes S, Ober J, Brzyski R, Easton C, Hernandez A, Leija M, Pierce D, Robinson R, Awonuga A, Cedo L, Cline A, Collins K, Krawetz S, Puscheck E, Singh M, Yoscovits M, Barnhart K, Coutifaris C, Lecks K, Martino L, Marunich R, Snyder P, Alvero R, Comfort A, Crow M, Schlaff W, Casson P, Hohmann A, Mallette S, Christman G, Ohl D, Ringbloom M, Tang J, Bates G, Mason S, DiMaria N, Usadi R, Lucidi R, Rhea M, Baker V, Turner K, Trussell J, DelBasso D, Huang H, Li Y, Makuch R, Patrizio P, Sakai L, Scahill L, Taylor H, Thomas T, Tsang S, Yan Q, Zhang M, Haisenleder D, Lamar C, DePaolo L, Herring A, Redmond J, Thomas M, Turek P, Wactawski-Wende J, Rebar R, Cato P, Dukic V, Lewis V, Schlegel P, Witter F. Factors associated with study protocol adherence and bio banking participation in reproductive medicine clinical trials and their relationship to live birth. Human Reproduction 2020, 35: 2819-2831. PMID: 33190149, PMCID: PMC8453415, DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deaa232.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPolycystic ovary syndromeClinical trial protocolMedicine clinical trialsU10 HD055942U10 HD38998Baseline characteristicsTrial protocolClinical trialsLive birthsPolycystic Ovary Syndrome IIU10 HD38992U10 HD39005U10 HD27049STUDY FUNDING/COMPETINGMultiple Intrauterine GestationsStudy protocol adherenceUS multicenter trialRegular ovulatory cyclesClinical trial findingsPolycystic ovarian morphologyPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALSROLE OF CHANCELower household incomeAfrican AmericansAspects of adherenceIntrauterine insemination performance characteristics and post-processing total motile sperm count in relation to live birth for couples with unexplained infertility in a randomised, multicentre clinical trial
Hansen KR, Peck JD, Coward RM, Wild RA, Trussell JC, Krawetz SA, Diamond MP, Legro RS, Coutifaris C, Alvero R, Robinson RD, Casson P, Christman GM, Santoro N, Zhang H. Intrauterine insemination performance characteristics and post-processing total motile sperm count in relation to live birth for couples with unexplained infertility in a randomised, multicentre clinical trial. Human Reproduction 2020, 35: 1296-1305. PMID: 32432326, PMCID: PMC7316499, DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deaa027.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTotal motile sperm countLive birth rateHigher total motile sperm countUnexplained infertilityMulticentre clinical trialMotile sperm countClinical trialsLive birthsOvarian stimulationHCG injectionBirth ratePatient discomfortSperm countTreatment cyclesSecondary analysisEunice Kennedy Shriver National InstituteSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETINGLive birth successMultiple Intrauterine GestationsDuration of infertilityIUI treatment cyclesLive birth outcomesPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALSROLE OF CHANCEYears of ageLive birth after a freeze-only strategy versus fresh embryo transfer in three randomized trials considering progesterone concentration
Yu Y, Zhao S, Li Y, Niu Y, Wei D, Zhang S, Chen ZJ, Zhang H, Legro RS. Live birth after a freeze-only strategy versus fresh embryo transfer in three randomized trials considering progesterone concentration. Reproductive BioMedicine Online 2020, 41: 395-401. PMID: 32600942, DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2020.04.021.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLive birth rateFresh embryo transferProgesterone concentrationsEmbryo transferOvulatory womenRandomized trialsBirth rateHuman chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) administrationFresh embryo transfer groupCleavage-stage embryo transferFreeze-only strategyHigh ovarian responseInitial embryo transferPolycystic ovary syndromeChorionic gonadotrophin administrationEmbryo transfer groupFrozen embryo transferSingle blastocyst transferBetween-group differencesClinical pregnancyGonadotrophin administrationHCG administrationOvarian responseOvary syndromePrimary outcomePregnancy registry: three-year follow-up of children conceived from letrozole, clomiphene, or gonadotropins
Legro RS, Diamond MP, Coutifaris C, Schlaff WD, Alvero R, Casson P, Christman GM, Rosen RM, Cedars MI, Hansen KR, Robinson R, Baker V, Usadi R, Dodson WC, Estes SJ, Kunselman A, Stetter C, Barnhart KT, Coward RM, Trussell JC, Krawetz SA, Santoro N, Huang H, Zhang H, Eisenberg E, Network R. Pregnancy registry: three-year follow-up of children conceived from letrozole, clomiphene, or gonadotropins. Fertility And Sterility 2020, 113: 1005-1013. PMID: 32386612, PMCID: PMC7376442, DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.12.023.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAge FactorsChild BehaviorChild DevelopmentChild, PreschoolClomipheneCognitionFemaleFertilityFertility AgentsFollow-Up StudiesGesturesGonadotropinsHumansInfantInfertility, FemaleLetrozoleLive BirthMaleOvulation InductionPolycystic Ovary SyndromePregnancyProspective StudiesRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRegistriesTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesWeight GainConceptsGN groupMultiple pregnancy rateProspective cohort studyPolycystic ovary syndromeChildren of womenInfertility trialsUnexplained infertilityCohort studyII studyMultiple gestationsOvary syndromeHealth centersInfertility treatmentPregnancy rateInfertility therapyMAIN OUTCOMELTZ groupLetrozoleMacArthur-Bates Communicative Development InventoriesAcademic health centersGonadotropinAbnormal scoresClomipheneCC groupDevelopmental QuestionnaireAndrogenicity and fertility treatment in women with unexplained infertility
Wang ET, Diamond MP, Alvero R, Casson P, Christman GM, Coutifaris C, Hansen KR, Sun F, Legro RS, Robinson RD, Usadi RS, Pisarska MD, Santoro NF, Zhang H, Network I. Androgenicity and fertility treatment in women with unexplained infertility. Fertility And Sterility 2020, 113: 636-641. PMID: 32192596, PMCID: PMC7088440, DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.10.034.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLive birth rateBody mass indexUnexplained infertilityClinical pregnancyMass indexPregnancy lossClinical markersLive birthsAndrogenic activityFree androgen index valuesHigher body mass indexMultivariable logistic regression modelMultiple Intrauterine GestationsNormal uterine cavityHigh waist circumferenceOvarian stimulation treatmentPatent fallopian tubesBirth rateLogistic regression modelsAndrogen markersSerum TTOvarian stimulationRegular mensesInfertility populationIntrauterine gestation
2019
First-line ovulation induction for polycystic ovary syndrome: an individual participant data meta-analysis
Wang R, Li W, Bordewijk E, Legro R, Zhang H, Wu X, Gao J, Morin-Papunen L, Homburg R, König T, Moll E, Kar S, Huang W, Johnson N, Amer S, Vegetti W, Palomba S, Falbo A, Özmen Ü, Nazik H, Williams C, Federica G, Lord J, Sahin Y, Bhattacharya S, Norman R, van Wely M, Mol B, Network+ R, Collaboration T. First-line ovulation induction for polycystic ovary syndrome: an individual participant data meta-analysis. Human Reproduction Update 2019, 25: 717-732. PMID: 31647106, DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmz029.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPolycystic ovary syndromeClinical pregnancy rateClomiphene citrateLive birth rateOvulation inductionTime-to-pregnancyAnovulatory infertilityFrequent cause of anovulatory infertilityPregnancy rateCause of anovulatory infertilityBirth rateMetformin to CCOvulation induction agentsIncreased clinical pregnancyLive birthsPrimary randomised controlled trialsClinical pregnancyRandomised controlled trialsInfertilityIndividual participant dataIPD meta-analysesWomenPositive interactionsLetrozoleAccurate assessment of outcomesLower antimüllerian hormone is associated with lower oocyte yield but not live-birth rate among women with obesity
Vitek W, Sun F, Baker VL, Styer AK, Christianson MS, Stern JE, Zhang H, Polotsky AJ. Lower antimüllerian hormone is associated with lower oocyte yield but not live-birth rate among women with obesity. American Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynecology 2019, 222: 363.e1-363.e7. PMID: 31589862, PMCID: PMC8022853, DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.09.046.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNormal body mass indexAntimüllerian hormone levelsLower antimüllerian hormoneBody mass indexLower oocyte yieldLive birth rateAntimüllerian hormoneLow ovarian reserveOocyte yieldMass indexHormone levelsOvarian reserveBody mass index 18.5Low antimüllerian hormone levelsAssisted Reproductive Technology Clinic Outcome Reporting System databaseLower live birth ratesClass 3 obesitySerum antimüllerian hormoneClass 1 obesityClass 2 obesityNumber of oocytesSmall antral folliclesReporting System databaseNormal BMIRetrospective cohortAssociation between testosterone, semen parameters, and live birth in men with unexplained infertility in an intrauterine insemination population
Trussell JC, Coward RM, Santoro N, Stetter C, Kunselman A, Diamond MP, Hansen KR, Krawetz SA, Legro RS, Heisenleder D, Smith J, Steiner A, Wild R, Casson P, Coutifaris C, Alvero RR, Robinson RB, Christman G, Patrizio P, Zhang H, Lindgren MC, Network R. Association between testosterone, semen parameters, and live birth in men with unexplained infertility in an intrauterine insemination population. Fertility And Sterility 2019, 111: 1129-1134. PMID: 30982604, PMCID: PMC6557574, DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.01.034.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultBiomarkersDown-RegulationFemaleFertilityHumansInfertility, MaleInsemination, Artificial, HomologousLive BirthMaleMulticenter Studies as TopicPregnancyPregnancy RateRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRisk FactorsSperm CountSperm MotilitySpermatogenesisTestosteroneTreatment OutcomeConceptsUnexplained infertilityLow TTMale partnersLive birthsSemen parametersSecondary analysisMultiple Intrauterine GestationsLive birth rateBody mass indexMulticenter clinical trialAbnormal sperm morphologyOvarian stimulationIntrauterine gestationPregnancy outcomesMass indexInfertility clinicClinical trialsMAIN OUTCOMETotal motile spermSemen analysisAbnormal spermatogenesisInfertilityLogistic regressionSperm concentrationSemen volumeFrozen versus fresh single blastocyst transfer in ovulatory women: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial
Wei D, Liu J, Sun Y, Shi Y, Zhang B, Liu J, Tan J, Liang X, Cao Y, Wang Z, Qin Y, Zhao H, Zhou Y, Ren H, Hao G, Ling X, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Qi X, Zhang L, Deng X, Chen X, Zhu Y, Wang X, Tian L, Lv Q, Ma X, Zhang H, Legro R, Chen Z. Frozen versus fresh single blastocyst transfer in ovulatory women: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial. The Lancet 2019, 393: 1310-1318. PMID: 30827784, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(18)32843-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFrozen single blastocyst transferFresh single blastocyst transferSingle blastocyst transferElective single embryo transferRisk of pre-eclampsiaFrozen blastocyst transferBlastocyst transferLivebirth rateSevere ovarian hyperstimulation syndromePre-eclampsiaOvulatory womenPregnancy rateEmbryo transferOvarian hyperstimulation syndromeAcademic fertility centreFrozen-thawed single blastocyst transferHigher risk of pre-eclampsiaIn vitro fertilisationIncreased risk of pre-eclampsiaFrozen embryo transferExtended embryo cultureSingle embryo transferFertility centreHyperstimulation syndromeLower pregnancy rate
2018
Allostatic load, a measure of chronic physiological stress, is associated with pregnancy outcomes, but not fertility, among women with unexplained infertility
Barrett ES, Vitek W, Mbowe O, Thurston SW, Legro RS, Alvero R, Baker V, Bates GW, Casson P, Coutifaris C, Eisenberg E, Hansen K, Krawetz S, Robinson R, Rosen M, Usadi R, Zhang H, Santoro N, Diamond M. Allostatic load, a measure of chronic physiological stress, is associated with pregnancy outcomes, but not fertility, among women with unexplained infertility. Human Reproduction 2018, 33: 1757-1766. PMID: 30085177, PMCID: PMC6454470, DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey261.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAdverse pregnancy outcomesOvarian stimulationPreterm birthPregnancy outcomesLive birthsUnexplained infertilityLipoprotein cholesterolBlood pressureBirth outcomesLow birthweightAllostatic loadSpontaneous abortionReproductive outcomesHigh-density lipoprotein cholesterolLow-density lipoprotein cholesterolAL scoreSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETINGChronic physiological stressMulti-variable logistic regression modelAdvanced Reproductive CareMultiple Intrauterine GestationsDiastolic blood pressureNon-pregnant stateSystolic blood pressureType of infertilityThe Effect of Supraphysiological Estradiol on Pregnancy Outcomes Differs Between Women With PCOS and Ovulatory Women
Wei D, Yu Y, Sun M, Shi Y, Sun Y, Deng X, Li J, Wang Z, Zhao S, Zhang H, Legro RS, Chen ZJ. The Effect of Supraphysiological Estradiol on Pregnancy Outcomes Differs Between Women With PCOS and Ovulatory Women. The Journal Of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2018, 103: 2735-2742. PMID: 29718297, DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-00613.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPolycystic ovary syndromeFrozen embryo transferFresh embryo transferLive birth rateOvulatory womenOvarian stimulationEmbryo transferSupraphysiological estradiolPregnancy outcomesEstradiol levelsBirth ratePeak estradiol levelsMulticenter Randomized TrialSimilar study designPCOS womenOvary syndromeOvarian responsePrimary outcomeRandomized trialsEstradiol exposureLive birthsMAIN OUTCOMEEmbryo implantationPg/Secondary analysisTransfer of Fresh versus Frozen Embryos in Ovulatory Women
Shi Y, Sun Y, Hao C, Zhang H, Wei D, Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Deng X, Qi X, Li H, Ma X, Ren H, Wang Y, Zhang D, Wang B, Liu F, Wu Q, Wang Z, Bai H, Li Y, Zhou Y, Sun M, Liu H, Li J, Zhang L, Chen X, Zhang S, Sun X, Legro R, Chen Z. Transfer of Fresh versus Frozen Embryos in Ovulatory Women. New England Journal Of Medicine 2018, 378: 126-136. PMID: 29320646, DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1705334.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFresh embryo transferFrozen embryo transferLive birth rateOvarian hyperstimulation syndromeHyperstimulation syndromeElective frozen embryo transferOvulatory womenFrozen-embryo groupFresh embryo groupIn vitro fertilization cyclesHigher live birth ratesPolycystic ovary syndromeRate of implantsCleavage-stage embryosOverall pregnancy lossAnovulatory womenNeonatal complicationsClinical pregnancyOngoing pregnancyFrozen embryosEmbryo cryopreservationBetween-group differencesEmbryo transferLive birthsFertilization cycles
2017
Effect of Acupuncture and Clomiphene in Chinese Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Wu XK, Stener-Victorin E, Kuang HY, Ma HL, Gao JS, Xie LZ, Hou LH, Hu ZX, Shao XG, Ge J, Zhang JF, Xue HY, Xu XF, Liang RN, Ma HX, Yang HW, Li WL, Huang DM, Sun Y, Hao CF, Du SM, Yang ZW, Wang X, Yan Y, Chen XH, Fu P, Ding CF, Gao YQ, Zhou ZM, Wang CC, Wu TX, Liu JP, Ng EHY, Legro RS, Zhang H. Effect of Acupuncture and Clomiphene in Chinese Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2017, 317: 2502-2514. PMID: 28655015, PMCID: PMC5815063, DOI: 10.1001/jama.2017.7217.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPolycystic ovary syndromeControl acupunctureActive acupunctureOvary syndromeLive birthsChinese womenClomiphene groupAcupuncture groupPlacebo groupLow-frequency electrical stimulationActive acupuncture groupControl acupuncture groupSuperficial needle insertionEffect of acupunctureLive birth rateUse of acupunctureMonths of pregnancyNeedle insertionRandomized womenAdverse eventsSecondary outcomesPrimary outcomeClinical evidenceClinical trialsInfertility treatmentAssociation of uterine fibroids and pregnancy outcomes after ovarian stimulation–intrauterine insemination for unexplained infertility
Styer AK, Jin S, Liu D, Wang B, Polotsky AJ, Christianson MS, Vitek W, Engmann L, Hansen K, Wild R, Legro RS, Coutifaris C, Alvero R, Robinson RD, Casson P, Christman GM, Christy A, Diamond MP, Eisenberg E, Zhang H, Santoro N, Network I. Association of uterine fibroids and pregnancy outcomes after ovarian stimulation–intrauterine insemination for unexplained infertility. Fertility And Sterility 2017, 107: 756-762.e3. PMID: 28089575, PMCID: PMC5472203, DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.12.012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAbortion, SpontaneousAdultBlack or African AmericanDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleFertilityFertility AgentsHumansInfertilityInsemination, ArtificialLeiomyomaLive BirthOvulationOvulation InductionPregnancyPregnancy RatePregnancy TestsProspective StudiesRisk FactorsTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesUterine NeoplasmsConceptsUnexplained infertilityUterine fibroidsPregnancy outcomesClinical trialsSerum antimüllerian hormone levelsBirth rateNon-African American womenGreater uterine volumeMultiple Intrauterine GestationsNormal uterine cavityClinical pregnancy rateAntimüllerian hormone levelsMulticenter clinical trialAmerican womenAfrican American womenClinical pregnancyIntrauterine gestationUterine volumeConception cyclesUterine cavityPregnancy lossHormone levelsPregnancy rateAntral folliclesMAIN OUTCOME
2016
Fresh versus Frozen Embryos for Infertility in the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Chen ZJ, Shi Y, Sun Y, Zhang B, Liang X, Cao Y, Yang J, Liu J, Wei D, Weng N, Tian L, Hao C, Yang D, Zhou F, Shi J, Xu Y, Li J, Yan J, Qin Y, Zhao H, Zhang H, Legro RS. Fresh versus Frozen Embryos for Infertility in the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. New England Journal Of Medicine 2016, 375: 523-533. PMID: 27509101, DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1513873.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPolycystic ovary syndromeOvarian hyperstimulation syndromeFresh embryo transferFrozen embryo transferFrozen-embryo transferOvary syndromeHyperstimulation syndromeLive birthsInfertile womenRate ratioFrozen embryosSignificant between-group differencesFresh embryo groupFirst IVF cycleLive birth rateFirst embryo transferBetween-group differencesNeonatal complicationsIVF cyclesPregnancy complicationsMulticenter trialPrimary outcomeNeonatal deathPregnancy lossHigh riskPredictors of pregnancy and live-birth in couples with unexplained infertility after ovarian stimulation–intrauterine insemination
Hansen KR, He AL, Styer AK, Wild RA, Butts S, Engmann L, Diamond MP, Legro RS, Coutifaris C, Alvero R, Robinson RD, Casson P, Christman GM, Huang H, Santoro N, Eisenberg E, Zhang H, Network E. Predictors of pregnancy and live-birth in couples with unexplained infertility after ovarian stimulation–intrauterine insemination. Fertility And Sterility 2016, 105: 1575-1583.e2. PMID: 26949110, PMCID: PMC4893990, DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.02.020.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDuration of infertilityUnexplained infertilityPregnancy outcomesClinical trialsClinical pregnancyBaseline characteristicsLive birthsMultivariable logistic regression analysisMultiple Intrauterine GestationsMultiple pregnancy ratePredictors of pregnancyPrior pregnancy lossLive birth rateMulticenter clinical trialSignificant predictorsLogistic regression analysisClomiphene citrateOvarian stimulationAntimüllerian hormoneIntrauterine gestationSerum levelsWaist circumferencePregnancy lossObstetrical carePregnancy rate
2015
Chlamydia trachomatis immunoglobulin G3 seropositivity is a predictor of reproductive outcomes in infertile women with patent fallopian tubes
Steiner AZ, Diamond MP, Legro RS, Schlaff WD, Barnhart KT, Casson PR, Christman GM, Alvero R, Hansen KR, Geisler WM, Thomas T, Santoro N, Zhang H, Eisenberg E, Network R. Chlamydia trachomatis immunoglobulin G3 seropositivity is a predictor of reproductive outcomes in infertile women with patent fallopian tubes. Fertility And Sterility 2015, 104: 1522-1526. PMID: 26413816, PMCID: PMC4663111, DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.08.022.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAntibodies, BacterialBiomarkersChi-Square DistributionChlamydia InfectionsChlamydia trachomatisEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayFallopian TubesFemaleHumansImmunoglobulin GInfertility, FemaleLinear ModelsLive BirthMultivariate AnalysisOdds RatioPredictive Value of TestsPregnancyPregnancy RatePregnancy, EctopicReproductive Techniques, AssistedRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSerologic TestsTreatment OutcomeUltrasonographyYoung AdultConceptsEctopic pregnancySeropositive womenInfertile womenTubal patencyLive birthsPolycystic Ovary Syndrome IIChlamydia trachomatis seropositivityMultiple Intrauterine GestationsPatent fallopian tubesEnzyme-linked immunosorbentCurrent alcohol useC. trachomatis elementary bodiesOvarian stimulationCohort studyIntrauterine gestationPregnancy outcomesPrimary outcomeTreatment medicationsPatent tubesSmoking statusOutpatient clinicIgG3 antibodiesFallopian tubeRelative riskMAIN OUTCOMELetrozole, Gonadotropin, or Clomiphene for Unexplained Infertility
Diamond MP, Legro RS, Coutifaris C, Alvero R, Robinson RD, Casson P, Christman GM, Ager J, Huang H, Hansen KR, Baker V, Usadi R, Seungdamrong A, Bates GW, Rosen RM, Haisenleder D, Krawetz SA, Barnhart K, Trussell JC, Ohl D, Jin Y, Santoro N, Eisenberg E, Zhang H. Letrozole, Gonadotropin, or Clomiphene for Unexplained Infertility. New England Journal Of Medicine 2015, 373: 1230-1240. PMID: 26398071, PMCID: PMC4739644, DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1414827.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUnexplained infertilityMultiple gestationsOvarian stimulationClinical pregnancyStandard therapyLive birth ratePatent fallopian tubesMultiple gestation ratesYears of ageFetal heart activityLetrozole groupNeonatal complicationsClomiphene citrateTriplet gestationsOngoing pregnancyPrimary outcomeGonadotropin treatmentFallopian tubeGestation rateCongenital anomaliesPregnancy rateWomen 18Live birthsClomipheneLetrozole