2001
Contribution of net hepatic glycogen synthesis to disposal of an oral glucose load in humans
Petersen K, Cline G, Gerard D, Magnusson I, Rothman D, Shulman G. Contribution of net hepatic glycogen synthesis to disposal of an oral glucose load in humans. Metabolism 2001, 50: 598-601. PMID: 11319724, DOI: 10.1053/meta.2001.22561.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatic glycogen synthesisOral glucose loadGlucose loadMagnetic resonance imagingLiver glycogen synthesisNet hepatic glycogen synthesisLiver volumeGlycogen synthesisWhole-body glucose disposalGlycogen contentHepatic glycogen concentrationIngestion of glucoseLiver glycogen contentHepatic glycogen contentIdentical glucose loadHepatic UDP-glucoseGlucose disposalGroup 2Group 1Direct pathwayResonance imagingGlycogen concentrationMean maximum rateLiverIngestion
2000
13C/31P NMR Assessment of Mitochondrial Energy Coupling in Skeletal Muscle of Awake Fed and Fasted Rats RELATIONSHIP WITH UNCOUPLING PROTEIN 3 EXPRESSION*
Jucker B, Ren J, Dufour S, Cao X, Previs S, Cadman K, Shulman G. 13C/31P NMR Assessment of Mitochondrial Energy Coupling in Skeletal Muscle of Awake Fed and Fasted Rats RELATIONSHIP WITH UNCOUPLING PROTEIN 3 EXPRESSION*. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 2000, 275: 39279-39286. PMID: 10995775, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m007760200.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAdenosine TriphosphateAlbuminsAnimalsBlotting, NorthernBlotting, WesternCarnitine O-PalmitoyltransferaseCarrier ProteinsEnzyme InhibitorsEpoxy CompoundsFatty AcidsFood DeprivationGlutamic AcidIon ChannelsKineticsMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyMitochondriaMitochondrial ProteinsModels, BiologicalModels, ChemicalMuscle, SkeletalOxygenPalmitatesRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyRNA, MessengerTime FactorsTricarboxylic AcidsUncoupling Protein 3Intense exercise stimulates albumin synthesis in the upright posture
Nagashima K, Cline G, Mack G, Shulman G, Nadel E. Intense exercise stimulates albumin synthesis in the upright posture. Journal Of Applied Physiology 2000, 88: 41-46. PMID: 10642360, DOI: 10.1152/jappl.2000.88.1.41.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1999
Determination of the rate of the glutamate/glutamine cycle in the human brain by in vivo 13C NMR
Shen J, Petersen K, Behar K, Brown P, Nixon T, Mason G, Petroff O, Shulman G, Shulman R, Rothman D. Determination of the rate of the glutamate/glutamine cycle in the human brain by in vivo 13C NMR. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 1999, 96: 8235-8240. PMID: 10393978, PMCID: PMC22218, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.14.8235.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGlutamate/glutamine cycleGlutamine cycleCerebral cortexMin/Rat cerebral cortexVivo 13C NMR spectraGlucose oxidation ratesHuman brainGlucose oxidationGlutamatergic activityRat modelTricarboxylic acid cycle rateParietal lobeHuman cortexCortexTime courseBrainGlutamine synthesisMajor metabolic fluxCycle rateTricarboxylic acid cycleHigh levelsInfusionRatsAcid cycle
1998
Effect of insulin on glycerol production in obese adolescents
Robinson C, Tamborlane W, Maggs D, Enoksson S, Sherwin R, Silver D, Shulman G, Caprio S. Effect of insulin on glycerol production in obese adolescents. American Journal Of Physiology 1998, 274: e737-e743. PMID: 9575836, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1998.274.4.e737.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNet lipid oxidationObese adolescentsLean adultsGlycerol turnoverTwo-step euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clampFree fatty acid concentrationsBody fat massEuglycemic hyperinsulinemic clampSensitivity of adipocytesEffect of insulinAction of insulinObese groupLean subjectsInsulin resistanceAdipose massPlasma insulinFatty acid concentrationsAdolescent obesityFat massLean adolescentsImpaired stimulationPhysiological incrementsFFA levelsGlucose metabolismIndirect calorimetryEffect of epinephrine on muscle glycogenolysis and insulin-stimulated muscle glycogen synthesis in humans
Laurent D, Petersen K, Russell R, Cline G, Shulman G. Effect of epinephrine on muscle glycogenolysis and insulin-stimulated muscle glycogen synthesis in humans. American Journal Of Physiology 1998, 274: e130-e138. PMID: 9458758, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1998.274.1.e130.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInsulin-stimulated muscle glycogen synthesisMuscle glycogen synthesisMuscle glycogenolysisEpinephrine infusionPhysiological increaseWhole-body glucose oxidationMuscle glycogen synthesis ratesPlasma epinephrine concentrationEuglycemic hyperinsulinemic clampGlucose infusion rateEffect of epinephrineGlycogen synthesisInsulin-stimulated glycogenesisBasal insulinControl subjectsPlasma glucoseEpinephrine concentrationsFree fatty acidsBasal valuesInfusion rateGlycogen synthesis rateMuscle glycogenEpinephrineGlycogenolysisMajor impairment
1997
13C and 31P NMR Studies on the Effects of Increased Plasma Free Fatty Acids on Intramuscular Glucose Metabolism in the Awake Rat*
Jucker B, Rennings A, Cline G, Shulman G. 13C and 31P NMR Studies on the Effects of Increased Plasma Free Fatty Acids on Intramuscular Glucose Metabolism in the Awake Rat*. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 1997, 272: 10464-10473. PMID: 9099689, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.16.10464.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAlanineAnimalsCarbon IsotopesFatty Acids, NonesterifiedGlucoseGlucose Clamp TechniqueGlucose-6-PhosphateGlycogenGlycolysisHyperinsulinismInfusions, IntravenousInsulinKetonesKineticsLactatesMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyModels, BiologicalMuscle, SkeletalPhosphorusPyruvatesRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyWakefulnessConceptsPlasma free fatty acids
1995
Mass and Positional Isotopomer Analysis of Glucose Metabolism in Periportal and Pericentral Hepatocytes(*)
Cline G, Shulman G. Mass and Positional Isotopomer Analysis of Glucose Metabolism in Periportal and Pericentral Hepatocytes(*). Journal Of Biological Chemistry 1995, 270: 28062-28067. PMID: 7499292, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.47.28062.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchContribution of Hepatic Glycogenolysis to Glucose Production in Humans in Response to a Physiological Increase in Plasma Glucagon Concentration
Magnusson I, Rothman D, Gerard D, Katz L, Shulman G. Contribution of Hepatic Glycogenolysis to Glucose Production in Humans in Response to a Physiological Increase in Plasma Glucagon Concentration. Diabetes 1995, 44: 185-189. PMID: 7859939, DOI: 10.2337/diab.44.2.185.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNet hepatic glycogenolysisLiver glycogen concentrationPlasma glucagon concentrationsHepatic glycogenolysisGlucagon concentrationsGlycogen concentrationLiver volumeGlucose productionPlasma glucose concentrationOverall glucose productionTwo-compartment modelHealthy subjectsPhysiological incrementsPhysiological increaseGlucose appearanceSame time periodMagnetic resonance imagesGlucose kineticsBaseline RaInfusionGlycogenolysisGlucose concentrationResonance imagesMumol
1991
N.m.r. studies of muscle glycogen synthesis in normal and non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects
Rothman D, Shulman R, Shulman G. N.m.r. studies of muscle glycogen synthesis in normal and non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects. Biochemical Society Transactions 1991, 19: 992-994. PMID: 1794599, DOI: 10.1042/bst0190992.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchQuantitation of Hepatic Glycogenolysis And Gluconeogenesis in Fasting Humans With 13C NMR
Rothman D, Magnusson I, Katz L, Shulman R, Shulman G. Quantitation of Hepatic Glycogenolysis And Gluconeogenesis in Fasting Humans With 13C NMR. Science 1991, 254: 573-576. PMID: 1948033, DOI: 10.1126/science.1948033.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1990
Effect of metformin treatment on insulin action in diabetic rats: In vivo and in vitro correlations
Rossetti L, DeFronzo R, Gherzi R, Stein P, Andraghetti G, Falzetti G, Shulman G, Klein-Robbenhaar E, Cordera R. Effect of metformin treatment on insulin action in diabetic rats: In vivo and in vitro correlations. Metabolism 1990, 39: 425-435. PMID: 2157941, DOI: 10.1016/0026-0495(90)90259-f.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInsulin receptor tyrosine kinase activityDiabetic ratsMetformin treatmentReceptor tyrosine kinase activityTyrosine kinase activitySupernormal levelsGlucose disposalInsulin-mediated whole-body glucose disposalTotal body insulin-mediated glucose disposalInsulin actionNeonatal streptozotocin diabetic ratsTotal body glucose uptakeInsulin-mediated glucose disposalWhole-body glucose disposalGlucose uptakeDeficient insulin responseNormalized glucose toleranceInsulin clamp studiesStreptozotocin-diabetic ratsVivo insulin actionHepatic glucose productionMuscle glycogen synthesisGlycogen synthesisSynthetic rateGlucose tolerance