2008
A Leishmania Ortholog of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Modulates Host Macrophage Responses
Kamir D, Zierow S, Leng L, Cho Y, Diaz Y, Griffith J, McDonald C, Merk M, Mitchell RA, Trent J, Chen Y, Kwong YK, Xiong H, Vermeire J, Cappello M, McMahon-Pratt D, Walker J, Bernhagen J, Lolis E, Bucala R. A Leishmania Ortholog of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Modulates Host Macrophage Responses. The Journal Of Immunology 2008, 180: 8250-8261. PMID: 18523291, PMCID: PMC2668862, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.12.8250.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsAntigens, Differentiation, B-LymphocyteApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsCell LineCells, CulturedCrystallography, X-RayHistocompatibility Antigens Class IIHumansIntramolecular OxidoreductasesLeishmania majorMacrophage Migration-Inhibitory FactorsMacrophages, PeritonealMiceMice, Inbred BALB CMice, Inbred C3HMice, KnockoutMolecular Sequence DataRecombinant ProteinsStructural Homology, ProteinConceptsMacrophage migration inhibitory factorCD74-dependent mannerMigration inhibitory factorImmune defense mechanismsHuman macrophage migration inhibitory factorSmall molecule antagonistsActivation-induced apoptosisHost macrophage responseMIF receptorMIF proteinImmune destructionObligate intracellular parasitesMAP kinase activationERK1/2 MAP kinase activationInhibitory factorMacrophage responseLeishmania majorIntracellular parasitesHigh-resolution X-ray crystal structuresSpecies-specific inhibitionMacrophagesSignificant structural homologyKinase activationDefense mechanismsMammalian counterparts
1996
Leishmania amazonensis:Cultivation and Characterization of Axenic Amastigote-like Organisms
Hodgkinson V, Soong L, Duboise S, McMahon-Pratt D. Leishmania amazonensis:Cultivation and Characterization of Axenic Amastigote-like Organisms. Experimental Parasitology 1996, 83: 94-105. PMID: 8654556, DOI: 10.1006/expr.1996.0053.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAmastigote-like formsNorthern blot analysisDevelopmental biologyContinual cultureAxenic cultureMolecular biologyTransformation of promastigotesOrganismsDNA probesGeneration timeCultured amastigotesAxenic cultivationBlot analysisExpression levelsSpecies of LeishmaniaSpeciesProtein reactiveBiologyDegrees CFirst reportPeriod of growthAmastigotesPromastigotesLeishmania amazonensisCultivationDisruption of CD40–CD40 Ligand Interactions Results in an Enhanced Susceptibility to Leishmania amazonensis Infection
Soong L, Xu J, Grewal I, Kima P, Sun J, Longley B, Ruddle N, McMahon-Pratt D, Flavell R. Disruption of CD40–CD40 Ligand Interactions Results in an Enhanced Susceptibility to Leishmania amazonensis Infection. Immunity 1996, 4: 263-273. PMID: 8624816, DOI: 10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80434-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCD40L-/- miceImmune responseCD40-CD40 ligand interactionCD40L knockout miceLeishmania amazonensis infectionProgressive ulcerative lesionTissue parasite burdenCD40-CD40L interactionCellular immune responsesProtective immune responseWild-type miceHost immune responseImpaired T cellNitric oxide productionAmazonensis infectionUlcerative lesionsInflammatory responseNecrosis factorCD40 ligandT cellsIFN-gammaKnockout miceMacrophage activationParasite burdenOxide production