2005
Beyond Urban Penalty and Urban Sprawl: Back to Living Conditions as the Focus of Urban Health
Freudenberg N, Galea S, Vlahov D. Beyond Urban Penalty and Urban Sprawl: Back to Living Conditions as the Focus of Urban Health. Journal Of Community Health 2005, 30: 1-11. PMID: 15751595, DOI: 10.1007/s10900-004-6091-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsCommunity Health ServicesHealth PromotionModels, TheoreticalPovertyPublic HealthResidence CharacteristicsSocial ConditionsUrban HealthConceptsUrban sprawlUrban healthHealth-related characteristicsUrban populationPublic health activitiesPublic health practiceLiving conditionsImpact of citiesUrban living conditionsUrban health penaltyHealth practicesHealth activitiesAdverse healthHealth of peopleUrban growthUrban livingHealth penaltyOutlying areasUrban penaltySprawlHealthCityInterventionSocial environmentPoor people
1998
Cost and Cost-Effectiveness of Increasing Access to Sterile Syringes and Needles as an HIV Prevention Intervention in the United States
Holtgrave D, Pinkerton S, Jones T, Lurie P, Vlahov D. Cost and Cost-Effectiveness of Increasing Access to Sterile Syringes and Needles as an HIV Prevention Intervention in the United States. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1998, 18: s133-s138. PMID: 9663636, DOI: 10.1097/00042560-199802001-00022.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersHIV infectionHIV prevention interventionsSterile syringesPrevention interventionsIDUs' accessActive injection drug usersIllicit drug injectionPublic health decision makersSyringe exchange programsHealth decision makersHIV transmissionDrug injectionHIV preventionHypothetical cohortDrug usersMedical carePocket expenditureInfectionPharmacy salesProgram coverageLifetime costsHigh levelsSyringesUnited States