2008
Prevalence and Correlates of Previous Hepatitis B Vaccination and Infection Among Young Drug-users In New York City
Amesty S, Ompad D, Galea S, Fuller C, Wu Y, Koblin B, Vlahov D. Prevalence and Correlates of Previous Hepatitis B Vaccination and Infection Among Young Drug-users In New York City. Journal Of Community Health 2008, 33: 139-148. PMID: 18185987, DOI: 10.1007/s10900-007-9082-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEvidence of infectionHBV vaccinationPrevious vaccinationSerological evidenceHepatitis B vaccination coveragePrevious hepatitis B vaccinationPrevious HBV infectionPrevious HBV vaccinationHepatitis B vaccinationHepatitis B vaccineHigh-risk groupYears of ageCommunity-based sampleB vaccinationHBV infectionB vaccineVaccination statusVaccination coverageRisk groupsHigh school educationVaccinationSusceptible individualsDrug usersInfection rateBivariate analysis
2005
Sexual Risk Behavior Among Injection Drug Users Before Widespread Availability of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
Rusch M, Farzadegan H, Tarwater P, Safaeian M, Vlahov D, Strathdee S. Sexual Risk Behavior Among Injection Drug Users Before Widespread Availability of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy. AIDS And Behavior 2005, 9: 289-299. PMID: 16133905, DOI: 10.1007/s10461-005-9003-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersCondom useAntiretroviral therapyHIV testingDrug usersEligible injection drug usersRisk behaviorsActive antiretroviral therapyInconsistent condom useSexual risk behaviorsIDU cohortHIV transmissionRetrospective analysisLower riskStudy exposureSexual riskLong-term studiesTherapySignificant changesCounselingRiskExposureLogistic modelWidespread availabilityCohort
2004
Explaining the relationship between race/ethnicity and pharmacy purchased syringes among injection drug users in New York City.
Fuller C, Galea S, Blaney S, Ompad D, Deren S, Des Jarlais D, Vlahov D. Explaining the relationship between race/ethnicity and pharmacy purchased syringes among injection drug users in New York City. Ethnicity & Disease 2004, 14: 589-96. PMID: 15724781.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2003
Longitudinal Patterns of Drug Injection Behavior in the ALIVE Study Cohort,1988–2000: Description and Determinants
Galai N, Safaeian M, Vlahov D, Bolotin A, Celentano D. Longitudinal Patterns of Drug Injection Behavior in the ALIVE Study Cohort,1988–2000: Description and Determinants. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2003, 158: 695-704. PMID: 14507606, DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwg209.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersDrug injection behaviorDrug usersIntravenous Experience (ALIVE) studyDrug treatment programsHistory of incarcerationLogistic regression modelsALIVE studySemiannual visitsMultinomial logistic regression modelsBaseline factorsChronic diseasesDrug injectionRecent overdoseCessation attemptsDrug use transitionsDrug injectorsCommunity outreach effortsLongitudinal patternsHigh mortalityEarly determinantsYounger ageTreatment programInjection behaviorStudy periodUnderstanding the dynamics of sexual transmission of HIV among drug-using populations: An integration of biological, behavioral, and environmental perspectives
Normand J, Lambert E, Vlahov D. Understanding the dynamics of sexual transmission of HIV among drug-using populations: An integration of biological, behavioral, and environmental perspectives. Journal Of Urban Health 2003, 80: iii1-iii6. PMID: 14713666, PMCID: PMC3456263, DOI: 10.1093/jurban/jtg077.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFactors Associated With Human Herpesvirus Type 8 Infection in an Injecting Drug User Cohort
Bernstein K, Jacobson L, Jenkins F, Vlahov D, Armenian H. Factors Associated With Human Herpesvirus Type 8 Infection in an Injecting Drug User Cohort. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2003, 30: 199-204. PMID: 12616135, DOI: 10.1097/00007435-200303000-00004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHHV-8 seroprevalenceRisk factorsHHV-8Human herpesvirus type 8 infectionLarger body mass indexHuman herpesvirus type 8Drug user cohortHHV-8 seropositivityInjection drug useBody mass indexMultivariate logistic regressionCross-sectional studyDrug user populationGenital wartsMass indexGeneral populationDrug useSeroprevalenceIndirect immunofluorescenceLogistic regressionIDUsInfectionType 8User cohortSexual behaviorVariability in the Incidence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Young Injecting Drug Users in New York City
Des Jarlais D, Diaz T, Perlis T, Vlahov D, Maslow C, Latka M, Rockwell R, Edwards V, Friedman S, Monterroso E, Williams I, Garfein R. Variability in the Incidence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Young Injecting Drug Users in New York City. American Journal Of Epidemiology 2003, 157: 467-471. PMID: 12615611, DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwf222.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatitis B virusHuman immunodeficiency virusHepatitis C virusImmunodeficiency virusB virusDrug usersHepatitis C virus infectionC virus infectionInjecting Drug UsersHigh HIV seroprevalenceHigh rateHBV incidenceHCV incidenceHCV transmissionCohort studyHIV seroprevalenceHIV incidenceHIV transmissionYoung Injecting Drug UsersC virusVirus infectionNew York CityIncidenceVirusYork City
2002
Highly active antiretroviral treatment does not increase sexual risk behaviour among French HIV infected injecting drug users
Bouhnik A, Moatti J, Vlahov D, Gallais H, Dellamonica P, Obadia Y. Highly active antiretroviral treatment does not increase sexual risk behaviour among French HIV infected injecting drug users. Journal Of Epidemiology & Community Health 2002, 56: 349. PMID: 11964431, PMCID: PMC1732133, DOI: 10.1136/jech.56.5.349.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSexual risk behaviorsAntiretroviral treatmentDrug usersRisk behaviorsPrescription of HAARTActive antiretroviral therapyProportion of patientsActive antiretroviral treatmentUnprotected sexual intercourseFrench HIVAntiretroviral therapyClinical improvementCohort studyTreatment-NaiveHIV transmissionAIDS careHAARTHIV riskHigh-risk activitiesHospital departmentsSexual riskHIVSexual intercourseMultivariate modelLongitudinal analysisHigh-risk behaviors associated with transition from illicit non-injection to injection drug use among adolescent and young adult drug users: a case-control study
Fuller C, Vlahov D, Ompad D, Shah N, Arria A, Strathdee S. High-risk behaviors associated with transition from illicit non-injection to injection drug use among adolescent and young adult drug users: a case-control study. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 2002, 66: 189-198. PMID: 11906806, DOI: 10.1016/s0376-8716(01)00200-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersInjection drug useAge-matched case-control analysisDrug usersDrug useBlood-borne infectionsAge-matched personsCase-control studyConditional logistic regressionCase-control analysisHigh-risk behaviorsNon-injection heroinCharacteristics of personsHIV seroprevalenceCohort studyInjection useAdult drug usersLogistic regressionPrevention effortsSame calendar timeYoung adult drug usersCalendar timePrior yearAfrican AmericansBaseline
2001
Sexual and drug risk-related behaviours after initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy among injection drug users
Vlahov D, Safaien M, Lai S, Strathdee S, Johnson L, Sterling T, Celentano D. Sexual and drug risk-related behaviours after initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy among injection drug users. AIDS 2001, 15: 2311-2316. PMID: 11698705, DOI: 10.1097/00002030-200111230-00013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersHIV-seropositive injection drug usersActive antiretroviral therapyUntreated groupHigh-risk behaviorsAntiretroviral therapyConsecutive visitsDrug usersRisk behaviorsInitiation of HAARTCD4 cell countOngoing prospective studySemi-annual interviewsLinear growth curve analysesHAART useMedian ageMedication useProspective studyNeedle sharingHAARTCell countUnprotected sexRisk-related behaviorsCurve analysisStudy periodThe difference between men and women drug users in seroconversion risk factors.
Strathdee S, Galai N, Safaiean M, Celentano D, Vlahov D, Johnson L, Nelson K. The difference between men and women drug users in seroconversion risk factors. SIDA Ahora 2001, 25-6. PMID: 11681272.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSexual Orientation and HIV Infection Prevalence among Young Latino Injection Drug Users in Harlem
Diaz T, Vlahov D, Greenberg B, Cuevas Y, Garfein R. Sexual Orientation and HIV Infection Prevalence among Young Latino Injection Drug Users in Harlem. Journal Of Women's Health 2001, 10: 371-380. PMID: 11445028, DOI: 10.1089/152460901750269698.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersHIV infection prevalenceHIV infectionUnprotected sexHomosexual menDrug usersOlder injection drug usersHeterosexual menInfection prevalenceHIV infection ratesCohort studyHepatitis BAntibody testingWhole cohortSexual transmissionHigh prevalenceHigh riskOlder menHeterosexual womenLarger sample sizeDrug useInfection rateMultivariate analysisNew York CityYoung womenBlood-Borne and Sexual Transmission of Human Herpesvirus 8 in Women with or at Risk for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Cannon M, Dollard S, Smith D, Klein R, Schuman P, Rich J, Vlahov D, Pellett P. Blood-Borne and Sexual Transmission of Human Herpesvirus 8 in Women with or at Risk for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. New England Journal Of Medicine 2001, 344: 637-643. PMID: 11228278, DOI: 10.1056/nejm200103013440904.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAnalysis of VarianceBlood-Borne PathogensFemaleHepatitis, Viral, HumanHerpesviridae InfectionsHerpesvirus 8, HumanHeterosexualityHIV InfectionsHumansLogistic ModelsProspective StudiesRisk FactorsRisk-TakingSeroepidemiologic StudiesSexual BehaviorSubstance Abuse, IntravenousSyphilisConceptsInjection drug useHHV-8 infectionHepatitis B virusHepatitis C virusHuman immunodeficiency virusHHV-8 seroprevalenceHHV-8Human herpesvirus 8Sexual transmissionRisk factorsHerpesvirus 8Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionHHV-8 seropositivityHigh-risk sexual behaviorImmunodeficiency virus infectionBlood-borne transmissionDaily injection drug useHispanic ethnic backgroundEnzyme-linked immunosorbentRisk of seropositivityBlood borneSyphilis infectionHIV infectionIndependent predictorsImmunodeficiency virusFactors Associated with Adolescent Initiation of Injection Drug Use
Fuller C, Vlahov D, Arria A, Ompad D, Garfein R, Strathdee S. Factors Associated with Adolescent Initiation of Injection Drug Use. Public Health Reports 2001, 116: 136-145. PMID: 11889281, PMCID: PMC1913680, DOI: 10.1093/phr/116.s1.136.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdolescent BehaviorAdultAge FactorsBaltimoreBlack or African AmericanCommunity-Institutional RelationsFemaleHealth BehaviorHepatitis CHIV InfectionsHumansLogistic ModelsMalePrimary PreventionProspective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk-TakingSexual BehaviorSubstance Abuse, IntravenousConceptsInjection drug useDrug useMedian ageInitiation of injectionCrack smokingNon-injection drug useAdolescent initiationHigh-risk groupYears of ageIllicit drug useAfrican AmericansDrug use practicesStudy enrollmentPrevents onsetEarly prevention effortsDrug usersMultivariate analysisCocaine useCondom useSmoking marijuanaLogistic regressionYoung drug usersPrevention effortsYoung adulthoodSmokingFactors associated with prevalent hepatitis C: differences among young adult injection drug users in lower and upper Manhattan, New York City
Diaz T, Des Jarlais D, Vlahov D, Perlis T, Edwards V, Friedman S, Rockwell R, Hoover D, Williams I, Monterroso E. Factors associated with prevalent hepatitis C: differences among young adult injection drug users in lower and upper Manhattan, New York City. American Journal Of Public Health 2001, 91: 23-30. PMID: 11189819, PMCID: PMC1446499, DOI: 10.2105/ajph.91.1.23.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersYoung adult injection drug usersAdult injection drug usersHepatitis B virusDrug usersHCV infectionPrevalent hepatitis C virus infectionHepatitis C virus infectionYoung injection drug usersAnti-HCV positivityPrevalent HCV infectionPrevalent hepatitis CC virus infectionHIV serologyHCV antibodiesHepatitis CB virusVirus infectionDrug treatmentDrug useHCVNew York CitySex practicesInfectionUpper Manhattan
2000
Correlates of HIV infection among young adult short-term injection drug users
Doherty M, Garfein R, Monterroso E, Brown D, Vlahov D. Correlates of HIV infection among young adult short-term injection drug users. AIDS 2000, 14: 717-726. PMID: 10807195, DOI: 10.1097/00002030-200004140-00011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersYoung injection drug usersInjection drug useHIV infectionDrug usersDrug useSpeedball injectionAnal sexCurrent injection drug usersShort-term injectorsReceptive anal sexYears of ageLifetime sex partnersCross-sectional surveySignificant bivariate associationsHIV incidenceHIV prevalenceSexual transmissionAmphetamine injectionsIncidence rateInjecting practicesHIVNew infectionsSex partnersInjection initiation
1997
Incidence and risk factors for hepatitis C among injection drug users in Baltimore, Maryland
Villano S, Vlahov D, Nelson K, Lyles C, Cohn S, Thomas D. Incidence and risk factors for hepatitis C among injection drug users in Baltimore, Maryland. Journal Of Clinical Microbiology 1997, 35: 3274-3277. PMID: 9399533, PMCID: PMC230161, DOI: 10.1128/jcm.35.12.3274-3277.1997.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInjection drug usersHCV infectionRisk factorsDrug usersDrug useDrug paraphernaliaHepatitis C virus infectionC virus infectionAnnual incidence rateActive drug useHigh-risk sexual practicesSharing of needlesHCV seroconversionHepatitis CAntibody testingOverall incidenceIncidence rateVirus infectionSerum samplesInfectionIncidenceHCVSexual practicesFrequent useParticipantsDesign and Baseline Participant Characteristics of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Epidemiology Research (HER) Study: A Prospective Cohort Study of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in US Women
Smith D, Warren D, Vlahov D, Schuman P, Stein M, Greenberg B, Holmberg S, Group F. Design and Baseline Participant Characteristics of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Epidemiology Research (HER) Study: A Prospective Cohort Study of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in US Women. American Journal Of Epidemiology 1997, 146: 459-469. PMID: 9290506, DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009299.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUS womenHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectionPublic Health Service agenciesImmunodeficiency virus infectionProspective cohort studyInjection drug useHIV-infected womenBaseline participant characteristicsInpatient medical recordsHealth service agenciesSexual risk behaviorsUninfected womenHIV cohortCohort studyInfected womenHIV infectionPhysical examinationMedical recordsHIV epidemicLongitudinal cohortVirus infectionCare settingsHigh riskDrug useRisk behaviorsPersistence and Clinical Significance of Hepatitis G Virus Infections in Injecting Drug Users
Thomas D, Nakatsuji Y, Shih J, Alter H, Nelson K, Astemborski J, Lyles C, Vlahov D. Persistence and Clinical Significance of Hepatitis G Virus Infections in Injecting Drug Users. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 1997, 176: 586-592. PMID: 9291303, DOI: 10.1086/514078.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatitis G virus infectionG virus infectionHGV RNAHGV infectionVirus infectionDrug usersLiver-related enzymesRecent serum sampleInjecting Drug UsersHepatic inflammationAcute infectionSerum levelsLiver diseaseClinical significanceNegative participantsSerial samplesDrug useInfectionPrior visitSerum samplesIDUsPrior specimensRecent visitVisitsYearsPostcoital Vaginal Bleeding as a Risk Factor for Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in a Heterosexual Partner Study in Brazil
Guimarães M, Vlahov D, Castilho E. Postcoital Vaginal Bleeding as a Risk Factor for Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in a Heterosexual Partner Study in Brazil. JAMA Internal Medicine 1997, 157: 1362-1368. PMID: 9201011, DOI: 10.1001/archinte.1997.00440330102012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPostcoital vaginal bleedingHIV infectionVaginal bleedingRisk factorsAnal sexMale partnersPostcoital bleedingFemale partnersCondom useHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmissionSexual contactAdvanced HIV infectionHuman immunodeficiency virusInconsistent condom useHIV positivityAIDS CenterHIV serostatusImmunodeficiency syndromeImmunodeficiency virusHeterosexual contactBleedingEligibility criteriaVaginal sexPartner studiesInfection