2016
Myelin phagocytosis by astrocytes after myelin damage promotes lesion pathology
Ponath G, Ramanan S, Mubarak M, Housley W, Lee S, Sahinkaya FR, Vortmeyer A, Raine CS, Pitt D. Myelin phagocytosis by astrocytes after myelin damage promotes lesion pathology. Brain 2016, 140: 399-413. PMID: 28007993, PMCID: PMC5841057, DOI: 10.1093/brain/aww298.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAnimalsAnimals, NewbornAstrocytesCell ProliferationCells, CulturedChild, PreschoolCultureCytokinesDemyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNSEndocytosisFemaleHumansHydrazonesMacrophagesMaleMiddle AgedMyelin SheathPhagocytosisRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyStrokeTime FactorsTransforming Growth Factor betaConceptsMyelin injuryMyelin phagocytosisMyelin debrisMultiple sclerosis lesionsMultiple sclerosisLesion pathologySclerosis lesionsAcute multiple sclerosis lesionsCentral nervous system pathologyProgressive multifocal leukoencephalopathyNervous system pathologySecretion of chemokinesNF-κB activationElevated chemokine expressionHypertrophic astrocytesMost astrocytesMyelin uptakeMultifocal leukoencephalopathyFirst-line responseAcute lesionsMyelin damageReactive astrocytesChemokine expressionAstroglial responseImmune cells
2013
Lessons Learned From Fatal Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in a Patient With Multiple Sclerosis Treated With Natalizumab
Boster AL, Nicholas JA, Topalli I, Kisanuki YY, Pei W, Morgan-Followell B, Kirsch CF, Racke MK, Pitt D. Lessons Learned From Fatal Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in a Patient With Multiple Sclerosis Treated With Natalizumab. JAMA Neurology 2013, 70: 398-402. PMID: 23338729, DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.1960.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsProgressive multifocal leukoencephalopathyBrain magnetic resonance imagingMagnetic resonance imagingMultiple sclerosisResonance imagingMultifocal leukoencephalopathyPolymerase chain reaction testingFatal progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathyBenefits of natalizumabInfusions of natalizumabPML risk stratificationAntibody-positive patientsHigh-dose corticosteroidsCerebrospinal fluid studiesHigh clinical suspicionCerebrospinal fluid analysisBrain magnetic resonanceNegative test resultsPolymerase chain reaction resultsSubacute onsetBilateral blindnessClinical suspicionClinical vigilanceCortical demyelinationTherapy duration
2011
What happens when natalizumab therapy is stopped?
Schaaf SM, Pitt D, Racke MK. What happens when natalizumab therapy is stopped? Expert Review Of Neurotherapeutics 2011, 11: 1247-1250. PMID: 21864070, DOI: 10.1586/ern.11.109.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMS disease activityDisease activityActive diseaseNatalizumab cessationTreatment interruptionMultiple sclerosisBaseline levelsSimilar disease activityProgressive multifocal leukoencephalopathyNatalizumab exposureNatalizumab therapyNatalizumab treatmentMultifocal leukoencephalopathyMS patientsMRI measuresMS treatmentEvidence of reboundDiseaseElimination kineticsNatalizumabIntegrin antagonistsTreatmentPatientsCessationLeukoencephalopathy