2022
Effect of intra-partum azithromycin on the development of the infant nasopharyngeal microbiota: A post hoc analysis of a double-blind randomized trial
Sanyang B, de Silva T, Kanteh A, Bojang A, Manneh J, de Steenhuijsen Piters W, Peno C, Bogaert D, Sesay A, Roca A. Effect of intra-partum azithromycin on the development of the infant nasopharyngeal microbiota: A post hoc analysis of a double-blind randomized trial. EBioMedicine 2022, 83: 104227. PMID: 35988464, PMCID: PMC9420482, DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104227.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNasopharyngeal microbiotaDay 6Neonatal periodDouble-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trialRandomized placebo-controlled clinical trialPlacebo-controlled clinical trialEarly antibiotic exposureMonths of ageMedical Research CouncilOverall microbiota compositionOral azithromycinPlacebo armNasopharyngeal carriageHealthy infantsModest overall effectNeonatal deathNasopharyngeal samplesMicrobiota perturbationsClinical trialsLeading causeAntibiotic exposureBacterial carriageShort-term alterationsMicrobiota compositionAzithromycin
2020
Niche- and Gender-Dependent Immune Reactions in Relation to the Microbiota Profile in Pediatric Patients with Otitis Media with Effusion
Enoksson F, Rodriguez A, Peno C, Lopez C, Tjernström F, Bogaert D, Hakansson A, Bergenfelz C. Niche- and Gender-Dependent Immune Reactions in Relation to the Microbiota Profile in Pediatric Patients with Otitis Media with Effusion. Infection And Immunity 2020, 88: e00147-20. PMID: 32661126, PMCID: PMC7504947, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00147-20.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMiddle earInflammatory mediatorsOtitis mediaImmune responseChronic low-grade inflammationMiddle ear effusion samplesLow-grade inflammationSpecific inflammatory mediatorsAnti-inflammatory mediatorsAnti-inflammatory profileCommon inflammatory diseaseSigns of infectionHost immune responsePotential pathogenic mechanismsInflammation patternsMale patientsPediatric patientsProinflammatory mediatorsFemale patientsPrecise pathogenesisProinflammatory profileInflammatory diseasesT lymphocytesImmune reactionsPathogenic mechanisms
2017
Alveolar T-helper 17 responses to streptococcus pneumoniae are preserved in ART-untreated and treated HIV-infected Malawian adults
Peno C, Banda D, Jambo N, Kankwatira A, Malamba R, Allain T, Ferreira D, Heyderman R, Russell D, Mwandumba H, Jambo K. Alveolar T-helper 17 responses to streptococcus pneumoniae are preserved in ART-untreated and treated HIV-infected Malawian adults. Journal Of Infection 2017, 76: 168-176. PMID: 29197600, PMCID: PMC5792245, DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2017.10.013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsT helper 17 responsesCell culture supernatantsAlveolar CD4T cellsAsymptomatic HIVIL-17AT cell immune responsesART-treated HIVART-treated individualsPeripheral blood CD4T-cell countsART-naïve HIVIntracellular cytokine stainingBronchoalveolar lavage fluidCell immune responsesCulture supernatantsBlood CD4Pneumococcal pneumoniaCytokine stainingHIV infectionMalawian adultsLavage fluidHealthy controlsImmune responseAbsolute countsPopulation genetic structure, antibiotic resistance, capsule switching and evolution of invasive pneumococci before conjugate vaccination in Malawi
Chaguza C, Cornick JE, Andam CP, Gladstone RA, Alaerts M, Musicha P, Peno C, Bar-Zeev N, Kamng'ona AW, Kiran AM, Msefula CL, McGee L, Breiman RF, Kadioglu A, French N, Heyderman RS, Hanage WP, Bentley SD, Everett DB. Population genetic structure, antibiotic resistance, capsule switching and evolution of invasive pneumococci before conjugate vaccination in Malawi. Vaccine 2017, 35: 4594-4602. PMID: 28711389, PMCID: PMC5571440, DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.07.009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultBacterial CapsulesChildChild, PreschoolDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialEvolution, MolecularFemaleGenome, BacterialHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMalawiMalePneumococcal InfectionsPneumococcal VaccinesPrevalenceRetrospective StudiesSerogroupSerotypingStreptococcus pneumoniaeVaccinationVaccines, ConjugateYoung AdultConceptsPneumococcal conjugate vaccineMDR ratePneumococcal isolatesHigher MDR rateImplementation of PCV13Prevalence of serotypesNon-vaccine serotypesInvasive pneumococcal isolatesGood infection preventionAntibiotic resistance ratesAntibiotic resistanceAbsence of vaccinesReplacement serotypesSerotype replacementInvasive pneumococciPneumococcal infectionConjugate vaccineSerotype 12FDisease burdenInfection preventionSerotype prevalenceHigh prevalenceInvasive isolatesContinued surveillanceResistance ratesGenomic landscape of extended-spectrum β-lactamase resistance in Escherichia coli from an urban African setting
Musicha P, Feasey NA, Cain AK, Kallonen T, Chaguza C, Peno C, Khonga M, Thompson S, Gray KJ, Mather AE, Heyderman RS, Everett DB, Thomson NR, Msefula CL. Genomic landscape of extended-spectrum β-lactamase resistance in Escherichia coli from an urban African setting. Journal Of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2017, 72: 1602-1609. PMID: 28333330, PMCID: PMC5437524, DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkx058.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultBeta-Lactam ResistanceBeta-LactamasesChildChild, PreschoolChloramphenicolDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialEscherichia coliEscherichia coli InfectionsFemaleGenes, BacterialGenetic VariationGenomicsHumansMalawiMaleMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMultilocus Sequence TypingPhylogenyUrban PopulationYoung AdultConceptsAntimicrobial resistanceExtended spectrum β-lactamase resistanceEscherichia coli infectionResource-rich settingsUrban African settingCommon ESBL geneLow-income settingsPhenotypic resistance profilesΒ-lactamase resistanceColi infectionESBL resistanceGlobal epidemiologyFluoroquinolone resistanceQueen's HospitalBla CTXESBL genesMolecular epidemiologyResistance profilesMolecular patternsAfrican settingClinical sourcesHospitalE. coliEpidemiologyST131