2022
SARS-CoV-2 is associated with changes in brain structure in UK Biobank
Douaud G, Lee S, Alfaro-Almagro F, Arthofer C, Wang C, McCarthy P, Lange F, Andersson J, Griffanti L, Duff E, Jbabdi S, Taschler B, Keating P, Winkler A, Collins R, Matthews P, Allen N, Miller K, Nichols T, Smith S. SARS-CoV-2 is associated with changes in brain structure in UK Biobank. Nature 2022, 604: 697-707. PMID: 35255491, PMCID: PMC9046077, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04569-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSARS-CoV-2Pre-existing risk factorsSARS-CoV-2 infectionSARS-CoV-2 casesPrimary olfactory cortexGreater reductionUK BiobankGreater cognitive declineMagnetic resonance imagingGray matter thicknessLongitudinal effectsNeuroinflammatory eventsRisk factorsOlfactory cortexMild casesBrain changesBrain pathologyCOVID-191Parahippocampal gyrusBrain imaging resultsCognitive declineTissue damageResonance imagingOlfactory pathwayOrbitofrontal cortex
2020
The effects of an aerobic training intervention on cognition, grey matter volumes and white matter microstructure
Sexton C, Betts J, Dennis A, Doherty A, Leeson P, Holloway C, Dall'Armellina E, Winkler A, Demnitz N, Wassenaar T, Dawes H, Johansen-Berg H. The effects of an aerobic training intervention on cognition, grey matter volumes and white matter microstructure. Physiology & Behavior 2020, 223: 112923. PMID: 32474233, PMCID: PMC7378567, DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112923.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAerobic training programGray matter volumeCardiorespiratory fitnessMatter volumeMagnetic resonance imaging outcomesSpecific high-risk populationsBrain structuresOlder adultsAerobic training interventionHigh-risk populationStructural MRI analysisTract-based spatial statisticsVoxel-based morphometryVoxel-wise assessmentWaitlist control conditionHealthy older adultsWhite matter microstructureImaging outcomesHippocampal volumeObservational studyPhysical activityReduced riskCognitive declineMax testingMore encouraging results
2017
Hyperinsulinemia and elevated systolic blood pressure independently predict white matter hyperintensities with associated cognitive decrement in the middle-aged offspring of dementia patients
Hawkins KA, Emadi N, Pearlson GD, Winkler AM, Taylor B, Dulipsingh L, King D, Pittman B, Blank K. Hyperinsulinemia and elevated systolic blood pressure independently predict white matter hyperintensities with associated cognitive decrement in the middle-aged offspring of dementia patients. Metabolic Brain Disease 2017, 32: 849-857. PMID: 28255864, DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-9980-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSystolic blood pressureWMH volumeVascular riskBlood pressurePlasma insulinDementia patientsMRI white matter hyperintensity volumeCognitive declineElevated systolic blood pressureSmall dense LDL-cholesterolWhite matter hyperintensity volumeH systolic BPIndependent risk factorDense LDL cholesterolCognitive decrementsBody mass indexWhite matter damageWhite matter hyperintensitiesApoE ε4 effectMiddle-aged offspringCerebral infarctsLifestyle modificationAggressive treatmentCerebrovascular damageLDL cholesterol
2012
Default mode network activity and white matter integrity in healthy middle-aged ApoE4 carriers
Patel KT, Stevens MC, Pearlson GD, Winkler AM, Hawkins KA, Skudlarski P, Bauer LO. Default mode network activity and white matter integrity in healthy middle-aged ApoE4 carriers. Brain Imaging And Behavior 2012, 7: 60-67. PMID: 23011382, DOI: 10.1007/s11682-012-9187-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAnxietyApolipoprotein E4BrainData Interpretation, StatisticalDepressionDiffusion Tensor ImagingDNAFemaleGenotypeHeterozygoteHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedIntelligence TestsMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedNerve NetNeuropsychological TestsPrincipal Component AnalysisSmokingWechsler ScalesConceptsAPOE4 carriersMagnetic resonance imagingAlzheimer's diseaseFractional anisotropyFunctional MRI abnormalitiesUnderlying neuropathologic changesWhite matter fractional anisotropyWhite matter changesDefault mode network connectivityDefault mode network activityGenetic risk factorsMode network connectivityMiddle-aged adultsWhite matter integrityMRI abnormalitiesNeuropathologic changesRisk factorsApolipoprotein EMatter changesCognitive declineResonance imagingOlder ageFunctional connectivityGenetic riskDMN regions