Cara Tomaso, PhD
Cards
About
Research
Publications
2026
Beyond the Frame: Psychological Burden and Emotional Adaptation in Patient Undergoing External Fixation After Trauma
Nair M, Ayhan E, Zazulak B, Tomaso C, Medvecky M. Beyond the Frame: Psychological Burden and Emotional Adaptation in Patient Undergoing External Fixation After Trauma. Journal Of Orthopaedic Science And Research 2026, 7: 1-4. DOI: 10.46889/josr.2026.7107.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPatients' psychological well-beingPsychological Well-BeingPsychological impactWell-beingExternal fixation devicePatient-centered careAltered body imageBody imageExternal fixationTraumatic injuryLoss of independencePsychological distressDepressive symptomsFixation devicesPsychological burdenEmotional recoveryEvidence basePost-traumatic injuryPost-operative periodEmotional challengesPostoperative distressEmotional adaptationPsychological effectsOrthopedic surgeonsPeriarticular fractures
2025
Psychological Impact of External Fixator Devices on Patients with Traumatic Injury: A Scoping Review
Nair M, Ayhan E, Zazulak B, Tomaso C, Medvecky M. Psychological Impact of External Fixator Devices on Patients with Traumatic Injury: A Scoping Review. Trauma Care 2025, 5: 28. DOI: 10.3390/traumacare5040028.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPsychological impactMental health scoresMental health resourcesMental health outcomesElevated psychological distressExternal fixationTraumatic injuryPatient-reported questionnairesEQ-5D-5LSF-36/SF-12Soft tissue injuriesSufficient psychological supportHealth outcomesScoping ReviewHealth scoresHealth resourcesPsychological distressCare protocolsBody image concernsTrauma carePsychological supportPsychological outcomesInjury typePsychological challengesInclusion criteriaCommentary on JPOSNA® Quality Improvement Case Series: Pediatric Limb Reconstruction Gone Wrong: Risks of Pursuing Treatment Without Thorough Psychological Evaluation
Iobst C, Flanagan J, Schoffner K, Tomaso C, Frumberg D, Hoehn J. Commentary on JPOSNA® Quality Improvement Case Series: Pediatric Limb Reconstruction Gone Wrong: Risks of Pursuing Treatment Without Thorough Psychological Evaluation. Journal Of The Pediatric Orthopaedic Society Of North America 2025, 11: 100192. PMID: 40432847, PMCID: PMC12088338, DOI: 10.1016/j.jposna.2025.100192.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAdolescent health behavior profiles and associations with mental health in a longitudinal study
Kidwell K, Brock R, Tomaso C, Phillips E, James T, Yaroch A, Hill J, Nelson J, Huang T, Mason W, Espy K, Nelson T. Adolescent health behavior profiles and associations with mental health in a longitudinal study. Journal Of Health Psychology 2025, 30: 2232-2249. PMID: 39887976, DOI: 10.1177/13591053251314328.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAssociated with mental healthHealth behavior profilesMental healthBehavioral profileSubstance useLow fruit/vegetable intakeHealth behavior patternsMental health symptomsMinimal substance useAdolescent health behaviorsFruit/vegetable intakePhysical activityHealthy behaviorsHealth behaviorsParental psychopathologyHealth symptomsHigh-risk groupAverage sleepE-cigarettesAssessment pointsIntervention effortsSleep durationHealthLongitudinal studyProfile 2
2024
Early childhood executive control modulates negative affectivity's role in increasing adolescent body mass index trajectories
Tomaso C, James T, Brock R, Yaroch A, Hill J, Huang T, Nelson J, Mason W, Espy K, Nelson T. Early childhood executive control modulates negative affectivity's role in increasing adolescent body mass index trajectories. Pediatric Obesity 2024, 19: e13144. PMID: 38926799, DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13144.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchExecutive control abilitiesExecutive controlNegative affectExecutive control tasksChild Behavior QuestionnaireControl abilityEarly risk factorsEarly temperamentAssess temperamentBehavior QuestionnaireTemperamentControl taskLongitudinal studyAffectAssociated with pediatric obesityBMI growthRisk factorsTargeted assessmentWeight outcomesAffective rolesPrevention effortsChildrenChildhood obesity prevention effortsObesity prevention effortsBody mass index trajectories
2023
Exploring the Interaction Between Preschool Executive Control and Caregiver Emotion Socialization in Predicting Adolescent Weight Trajectories
Laifer L, Brock R, Tomaso C, James T, Yaroch A, Hill J, Huang T, Nelson J, Mason W, Espy K, Nelson T. Exploring the Interaction Between Preschool Executive Control and Caregiver Emotion Socialization in Predicting Adolescent Weight Trajectories. Journal Of Youth And Adolescence 2023, 53: 656-668. PMID: 38117361, PMCID: PMC10872396, DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01928-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPreschool executive controlEmotion-related socialization behaviorsCaregiver emotion socializationExecutive controlSupportive responsesEmotion socializationSocialization behaviorsExecutive control tasksLower executive controlEmotion socialization practicesSelf-regulatory abilitiesSelf-regulatory resourcesFamily factorsImportance of effortsLongitudinal designNeural vulnerabilitySocialization practicesControl taskExternal regulationLaboratory visitsAge 14Longitudinal studyAdolescenceParticipantsNegative associationEarly executive control buffers risk for adolescent psychopathology during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Laifer L, Tomaso C, Chang O, Phillips E, James T, Nelson J, Espy K, Mason W, Nelson T. Early executive control buffers risk for adolescent psychopathology during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Journal Of Adolescence 2023, 95: 1205-1219. PMID: 37211897, PMCID: PMC10526894, DOI: 10.1002/jad.12195.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAdolescent internalizing problemsCOVID-related stressExecutive controlInternalizing problemsAdolescent psychopathologyPreschool executive controlEarly executive controlMental health symptomsImpact of stressYouth mental healthEC deficitsCognitive developmentTrauma symptomsEC tasksHealth symptomsSymptom levelsLaboratory visitsMental healthPsychopathologyLongitudinal studyIndividual factorsIntervention strategiesParticipantsSmall Midwestern cityCurrent study
2022
The roles of sleep and executive function in adolescent nighttime eating
Tomaso C, Yaroch A, Hill J, Jackson T, Nelson J, James T, Mason W, Espy K, Nelson T. The roles of sleep and executive function in adolescent nighttime eating. Eating Behaviors 2022, 46: 101657. PMID: 36029566, PMCID: PMC11260188, DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2022.101657.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNighttime eatingSleep durationSleep parametersExecutive functionPoor nutritional intakeRole of sleepPediatric populationModifiable factorsFat consumptionNutritional intakeDietary practicesActigraph deviceVulnerable populationsGlobal executive functionTwo-week periodAverage caloriesAdolescentsEatingSleepSelf-report measuresCurrent studyDurationObesityInflammationGreat variabilityExecutive Control Throughout Elementary School: Factor Structure and Associations With Early Childhood Executive Control
Nelson T, James T, Nelson J, Tomaso C, Espy K. Executive Control Throughout Elementary School: Factor Structure and Associations With Early Childhood Executive Control. Developmental Psychology 2022, 58: 730-750. PMID: 35343719, PMCID: PMC9583682, DOI: 10.1037/dev0001314.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExecutive control abilitiesExecutive controlPartial scalar invarianceFlexible shiftingScalar invarianceFactor structurePreschool executive controlExecutive control componentsGeneral cognitive abilityPerformance-based tasksControl abilityExecutive control developmentElementary schoolMeasurement invariance testingTwo-factor structureConfirmatory factor analysisCognitive abilitiesInvariance testingCommunity sampleLongitudinal studyLatent factorsMemoryFactor analysisPreschoolConsiderable continuity
2021
Longitudinal associations between executive control and body mass index across childhood
Tomaso C, James T, Nelson J, Espy K, Nelson T. Longitudinal associations between executive control and body mass index across childhood. Pediatric Obesity 2021, 17: e12866. PMID: 34725959, PMCID: PMC8923908, DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12866.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExecutive controlHigher-order cognitive abilitiesIntercept cross-lagged panel modelRandom intercept cross-lagged panel modelBetter inhibitory control performanceCross-lagged panel modelExecutive control abilitiesExecutive control tasksExecutive control performanceInhibitory control performanceCognitive abilitiesMental informationMiddle childhoodMalleable factorsCommunity sampleReciprocal associationsMental transitionControl taskLongitudinal associationsSubsequent BMIPrevalent public health concernControl abilityResponse modulationGrade threeWeight problems
Clinical Care
Overview
Cara Tomaso, PhD, is a licensed clinical psychologist who works with children, adolescents, and young adults facing orthopedic conditions and sports-related challenges. She is part of the pediatric orthopaedics team, where she supports patients and families in general orthopaedics, sports medicine, and the Limb Lengthening and Restoration Program.
Dr. Tomaso collaborates closely with orthopedic providers to identify and address mental health concerns that can affect a child’s medical care. She helps young people cope with the emotional and practical impact of bone and joint conditions, manage pain using behavioral strategies, and prepare for and recover from major surgery. She also has a special interest in the mental health of young athletes, including those dealing with anxiety or depression after an injury, disordered eating, and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs), a condition caused by not getting enough energy through food to support both exercise and normal body functions.
“I am drawn to complexity, and it doesn’t get more complex than how children’s physical and mental health interact with each other,” she explains. “My role exists because injuries, musculoskeletal pain, and limb differences don't just affect the body; the mind is also involved. I noticed the need for psychologists on rehabilitation teams during my training and immediately fell in love with the work. Getting children and teens back to the activities that bring them joy is very rewarding. I also love working on a team with surgeons and other doctors. Putting together everyone’s areas of expertise ensures that children and families have the best possible care outcomes.”
In addition to her clinical work in orthopaedics, Dr. Tomaso has expertise in psychological assessment and provides comprehensive evaluations at the Yale Child Study Center. As an assistant professor at Yale School of Medicine, she also teaches and supervises doctoral fellows through the Yale Child Study Center Psychology Fellowship Program.
Dr. Tomaso earned her doctoral degree in clinical psychology from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. She completed both her predoctoral internship and a fellowship in psychology at the Yale Child Study Center.
Clinical Specialties
News & Links
News
- February 19, 2026
The Emotional Impact of External Fixators
- October 29, 2024
Yale Pediatric Psychology Program Expands, Offers Support to Medically Complex Youth
- July 03, 2024
YCSC 2024 graduates share plans and next steps
- June 25, 2024
Forty trainees recognized at annual Yale Child Study Center graduation event
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