2008
Regulation of Synaptic Efficacy in Hypocretin/Orexin-Containing Neurons by Melanin Concentrating Hormone in the Lateral Hypothalamus
Rao Y, Lu M, Ge F, Marsh DJ, Qian S, Wang AH, Picciotto MR, Gao XB. Regulation of Synaptic Efficacy in Hypocretin/Orexin-Containing Neurons by Melanin Concentrating Hormone in the Lateral Hypothalamus. Journal Of Neuroscience 2008, 28: 9101-9110. PMID: 18784290, PMCID: PMC2562258, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1766-08.2008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAction PotentialsAnalysis of VarianceAnimalsAnimals, NewbornBehavior, AnimalBenzazepinesBenzhydryl CompoundsCentral Nervous System StimulantsDopamine AgonistsDose-Response Relationship, DrugExcitatory Amino Acid AgentsGlutamic AcidGreen Fluorescent ProteinsHypothalamic Area, LateralHypothalamic HormonesIn Vitro TechniquesIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMelaninsMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, TransgenicModafinilMotor ActivityNeuronsNeuropeptidesOrexinsPertussis ToxinPituitary HormonesReceptors, SomatostatinSynapsesSynaptic TransmissionTime FactorsConceptsHypocretin/orexin neuronsMCHR1 KO miceOrexin-containing neuronsLateral hypothalamusWild-type miceOrexin neuronsHypocretin/orexinKO miceMCH receptor 1Action potential firingEffects of modafinilMelanin-Concentrating HormoneHypocretin/orexin signalingGroups of neuronsMCH neuronsMiniature EPSCsWT miceHypocretin/Glutamatergic synapsesOrexin signalingSynaptic transmissionPertussis toxinBrain areasReciprocal innervationInhibitory influence
2002
Hypocretin/Orexin Excites Hypocretin Neurons via a Local Glutamate Neuron—A Potential Mechanism for Orchestrating the Hypothalamic Arousal System
Li Y, Gao X, Sakurai T, van den Pol AN. Hypocretin/Orexin Excites Hypocretin Neurons via a Local Glutamate Neuron—A Potential Mechanism for Orchestrating the Hypothalamic Arousal System. Neuron 2002, 36: 1169-1181. PMID: 12495630, DOI: 10.1016/s0896-6273(02)01132-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAction PotentialsAnimalsArousalCarrier ProteinsExcitatory Amino Acid AgonistsFeedbackGABA AgonistsGamma-Aminobutyric AcidGenes, ReporterGlutamic AcidGreen Fluorescent ProteinsHypothalamusImmunohistochemistryIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsLuminescent ProteinsMiceMice, TransgenicNeural InhibitionNeural PathwaysNeuronsNeuropeptidesOrexinsPresynaptic TerminalsSodium Channel BlockersSynaptic TransmissionConceptsHypothalamic arousal systemsHypocretin neuronsArousal systemSpike frequencyLocal glutamatergic neuronsMouse brain slicesGlutamate releaseGlutamatergic neuronsHypocretin-1Hypocretin cellsPresynaptic facilitationBrain slicesNeuron activityOutward currentsEnergy homeostasisModulates sleepNeuronsPotential mechanismsDirect effectPossible mechanismCellsNarcolepsyHypocretinNorepinephrineAcetylcholine
2001
Melanin concentrating hormone depresses synaptic activity of glutamate and GABA neurons from rat lateral hypothalamus
Gao X, van den Pol A. Melanin concentrating hormone depresses synaptic activity of glutamate and GABA neurons from rat lateral hypothalamus. The Journal Of Physiology 2001, 533: 237-252. PMID: 11351031, PMCID: PMC2278620, DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.2001.0237b.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH Keywords2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dioneAction PotentialsAnimalsBicucullineCarrier ProteinsCells, CulturedElectric ConductivityExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsFemaleFetusGABA AntagonistsGamma-Aminobutyric AcidGlutamic AcidGTP-Binding ProteinsHypothalamic Area, LateralHypothalamic HormonesIn Vitro TechniquesIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMelaninsNeuronsNeuropeptidesOrexin ReceptorsOrexinsPatch-Clamp TechniquesPituitary HormonesPotassiumPregnancyRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyReceptors, GlutamateReceptors, G-Protein-CoupledReceptors, NeuropeptideSodiumSynaptic TransmissionTetrodotoxinConceptsSynaptic activityLH neuronsAction potentialsPotassium channelsActions of MCHInhibitory synaptic eventsGABAB receptor agonistAmino acid transmittersLateral hypothalamic areaCalcium-dependent releasePresence of tetrodotoxinRat lateral hypothalamusEffect of MCHFast synaptic activityGlutamate-evoked currentsWhole-cell recordingsPostsynaptic glutamate receptorsNon-neuronal cellsMiniature excitatory currentsVoltage-dependent potassium channelsNeuropeptide melaninGABA neuronsVoltage-clamp experimentsExcitatory actionLH actionGABA, Not Glutamate, a Primary Transmitter Driving Action Potentials in Developing Hypothalamic Neurons
Gao X, Van Den Pol A. GABA, Not Glutamate, a Primary Transmitter Driving Action Potentials in Developing Hypothalamic Neurons. Journal Of Neurophysiology 2001, 85: 425-434. PMID: 11152743, DOI: 10.1152/jn.2001.85.1.425.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAction PotentialsAnimalsBicucullineCells, CulturedChloridesExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsGABA-A Receptor AntagonistsGamma-Aminobutyric AcidGlutamic AcidGramicidinHypothalamusImmunohistochemistryIn Vitro TechniquesMiceNeuronsNeurotransmitter AgentsPatch-Clamp TechniquesReceptors, GlutamateSpinal CordConceptsHypothalamic neuronsReceptor antagonist bicucullinePrimary inhibitory neurotransmitterMouse hypothalamic neuronsPrimary excitatory transmitterAntagonist bicucullineExcitatory transmitterGABA circuitsGlutamate transmissionInhibitory neurotransmitterMature brainBrain slicesSynaptic releaseNeuronal activitySpike activityNeuronal connectionsSpike frequencyExtracellular recordingsAction potentialsAntagonist 2Brain developmentHebbian mechanismsIntracellular ClNeuronsGABA
1998
Glutamate Inhibits GABA Excitatory Activity in Developing Neurons
van den Pol A, Gao X, Patrylo P, Ghosh P, Obrietan K. Glutamate Inhibits GABA Excitatory Activity in Developing Neurons. Journal Of Neuroscience 1998, 18: 10749-10761. PMID: 9852609, PMCID: PMC6793361, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.18-24-10749.1998.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAnimals, NewbornCalciumCells, CulturedCerebral CortexEmbryo, MammalianExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsGABA AntagonistsGamma-Aminobutyric AcidGene ExpressionGlutamic AcidGramicidinHypothalamusIn Vitro TechniquesNeuronsPatch-Clamp TechniquesPresynaptic TerminalsPropionatesRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyReceptors, Metabotropic GlutamateSpinal CordConceptsGroup III mGluRsExcitatory actionGABA activityGroup II metabotropic glutamate receptorsFura-2 digital imagingSynapse formationBrain developmentInhibitory roleAgonist L-AP4Excitatory GABA actionsGlutamate-mediated inhibitionMetabotropic glutamate receptorsSpinal cord neuronsMajor inhibitory neurotransmitterWhole-cell recordingsSimilar inhibitory actionBrain GABAEarly brain developmentExcitatory roleGABA releaseL-AP4Excitatory transmitterGABA actionHypothalamic neuronsCord neuronsPresynaptic and Postsynaptic Actions and Modulation of Neuroendocrine Neurons by a New Hypothalamic Peptide, Hypocretin/Orexin
van den Pol A, Gao X, Obrietan K, Kilduff T, Belousov A. Presynaptic and Postsynaptic Actions and Modulation of Neuroendocrine Neurons by a New Hypothalamic Peptide, Hypocretin/Orexin. Journal Of Neuroscience 1998, 18: 7962-7971. PMID: 9742163, PMCID: PMC6793026, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.18-19-07962.1998.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsArcuate Nucleus of HypothalamusCadmiumCalciumCarrier ProteinsCells, CulturedDose-Response Relationship, DrugElectric StimulationEnzyme InhibitorsEvoked PotentialsFeeding BehaviorFluorescent DyesFura-2Gamma-Aminobutyric AcidGlutamic AcidIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMembrane PotentialsMolecular Sequence DataNeuronsNeuropeptidesNeurosecretory SystemsNeurotransmitter AgentsOrexinsPatch-Clamp TechniquesPresynaptic TerminalsSignal TransductionTetrodotoxinThapsigarginConceptsLateral hypothalamusSynaptic activityNeuroendocrine neuronsWhole-cell patch-clamp recordingsNew hypothalamic peptidesLateral hypothalamic neuronsAmino acid transmittersHypothalamic regulatory systemPatch-clamp recordingsHypocretin/orexinPerifornical areaPostsynaptic actionsOrexigenic peptideHypocretin-1Hypothalamic circuitsHypocretin peptidesHypothalamic neuronsHypothalamic slicesArcuate nucleusHypocretin-2Postsynaptic receptorsAxonal inputsHypothalamic peptidesFeeding centerAxon terminalsGABA-Dependent Firing of Glutamate-Evoked Action Potentials at AMPA/Kainate Receptors in Developing Hypothalamic Neurons
Gao X, Chen G, van den Pol A. GABA-Dependent Firing of Glutamate-Evoked Action Potentials at AMPA/Kainate Receptors in Developing Hypothalamic Neurons. Journal Of Neurophysiology 1998, 79: 716-726. PMID: 9463435, DOI: 10.1152/jn.1998.79.2.716.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGamma-aminobutyric acidAction potentialsHypothalamic neuronsAMPA/kainate receptorsN-methyl-D-aspartate receptorsGlutamate-mediated excitationAdult mammalian CNSFire action potentialsMajor inhibitory roleExcitatory functionGlutamate responseGlutamate receptorsKainate receptorsMammalian CNSMaximal effectSlight temporal delayNeuronal circuitsInhibitory roleNeuronsReceptorsBroad time windowDepolarizationGlutamatePresent studySimilar results