2010
Slowly Progressive Axonal Degeneration in a Rat Model of Chronic, Nonimmune-Mediated Demyelination
Wilkins A, Kondo Y, Song J, Liu S, Compston A, Black J, Waxman S, Duncan I. Slowly Progressive Axonal Degeneration in a Rat Model of Chronic, Nonimmune-Mediated Demyelination. Journal Of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology 2010, 69: 1256-1269. PMID: 21107138, DOI: 10.1097/nen.0b013e3181ffc317.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCentral nervous systemAxonal lossAxonal degenerationAxonal pathologyTrophic supportEarly axonal lossProgressive axonal lossProgressive axonal degenerationWhite matter tractsTaiep mutant ratNerve countsWild-type controlsChronic demyelinationNeurologic disabilityMyelin lossSignificant inflammationRat modelOligodendrocyte dysfunctionImmunohistochemical analysisTaiep ratsNervous systemCNS regionsAxonal transportMutant ratsOligodendrocyte lineage
1998
Endogenous NMDA-Receptor Activation Regulates Glutamate Release in Cultured Spinal Neurons
Robert A, Black J, Waxman S. Endogenous NMDA-Receptor Activation Regulates Glutamate Release in Cultured Spinal Neurons. Journal Of Neurophysiology 1998, 80: 196-208. PMID: 9658041, DOI: 10.1152/jn.1998.80.1.196.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH Keywords2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dioneAnimalsAnimals, NewbornBicucullineCells, CulturedExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsGlutamic AcidNeuronsRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyReceptors, AMPAReceptors, N-Methyl-D-AspartateSpinal CordSynapsesTetrodotoxinTime FactorsConceptsAMPA excitatory postsynaptic currentsExcitatory postsynaptic currentsNMDA receptor activationCultured spinal neuronsNMDA receptorsSpinal neuronsPresynaptic terminalsNMDA receptor-mediated glutamatergic neurotransmissionSpontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currentsAspartate receptor activationNMDA receptor activityRelease of neurotransmittersNonsynaptic receptorsTTX applicationGlutamate releaseImmature neuronsGlutamatergic neurotransmissionPostsynaptic currentsSpinal cordReceptor activationReceptor activityQuantal sizeQuantal analysisCNS developmentElectrical activity
1995
Endogenous GABA attenuates CNS white matter dysfunction following anoxia
Fern R, Waxman S, Ransom B. Endogenous GABA attenuates CNS white matter dysfunction following anoxia. Journal Of Neuroscience 1995, 15: 699-708. PMID: 7823173, PMCID: PMC6578328, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.15-01-00699.1995.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCompound action potentialEffect of GABAWhite matterEndogenous GABA releaseNerve fiber injuryGABA-B antagonistRelease of GABACAP recoveryGABA-B receptorsCNS white matterPertussis toxin treatmentWhite matter dysfunctionGABA-A agonistHigh agonist concentrationsReceptor/G-proteinControl conditionG proteinsPresence of GABAMin of anoxiaMM nipecotic acidFiber injuryGABA releaseReceptor blockadeOptic nerveEndogenous GABA
1994
Astrocyte Na+ channels are required for maintenance of Na+/K(+)-ATPase activity
Sontheimer H, Fernandez-Marques E, Ullrich N, Pappas C, Waxman S. Astrocyte Na+ channels are required for maintenance of Na+/K(+)-ATPase activity. Journal Of Neuroscience 1994, 14: 2464-2475. PMID: 8182422, PMCID: PMC6577452, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.14-05-02464.1994.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAnimals, NewbornAstrocytesAstrocytomaCell LineCells, CulturedElectrophysiologyGanglia, SpinalGliomaMembrane PotentialsModels, BiologicalOuabainRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyRubidiumSodiumSodium ChannelsSodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPaseStrophanthidinTetrodotoxinTime FactorsTumor Cells, CulturedConceptsEffects of TTXGlial cellsAction potential electrogenesisRat spinal cordPatch-clamp recordingsAstrocyte membrane potentialDose-dependent mannerVoltage-activated channelsAcute blockadeSpinal cordVoltage-activated ion channelsSpecific blockerATPase activityAstrocytesTTXAstrocyte deathAction potentialsUnidirectional influxBlockadeExcitable cellsIon channelsOuabainExtracellular spaceMembrane potentialIon levels
1992
Ultrastructural concomitants of anoxic injury and early post-anoxic recovery in rat optic nerve
Waxman S, Black J, Stys P, Ransom B. Ultrastructural concomitants of anoxic injury and early post-anoxic recovery in rat optic nerve. Brain Research 1992, 574: 105-119. PMID: 1638387, DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(92)90806-k.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOptic nerveRat optic nerveMin of anoxiaPost-anoxic recoveryAnoxic injuryAstrocyte processesMyelin sheathLoss of microtubulesCell-mediated damageCNS white matterInflux of calciumLarge-diameter axonsPrevious electrophysiological studiesAction potential conductionWhite matter tractsNodes of RanvierAnoxic insultUltrastructure of axonsGlial cellsVesicular degenerationConduction blockEarly recoveryElectrophysiological studiesNerveSignificant injury
1986
Remodelling of internodes in regenerated rat sciatic nerve: Electron microscopic observations
Hildebrand C, Mustafa G, Waxman S. Remodelling of internodes in regenerated rat sciatic nerve: Electron microscopic observations. Brain Cell Biology 1986, 15: 681-692. PMID: 3819776, DOI: 10.1007/bf01625187.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsMicroscopy, ElectronNerve RegenerationRatsRats, Inbred StrainsSciatic NerveTime FactorsConceptsRegenerated rat sciatic nerveRat sciatic nerveSciatic nerveSchwann cellsMyelin sheathRegenerated myelin sheathsRegenerated nerve segmentsSchwann cell networkLeft sciatic nerveSchwann cell cytoplasmMyelin sheath breakdownNodes of RanvierCrush lesionNerve segmentsSurvival periodUpper thighAdult ratsSurvival timeNerveInternodal shorteningImportant physiological implicationsMonthsLipid dropletsLamellated bodiesExtensive remodellingEffects of delayed myelination by oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells on the macromolecular structure of axonal membrane in rat spinal cord
Black J, Waxman S, Sims T, Gilmore S. Effects of delayed myelination by oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells on the macromolecular structure of axonal membrane in rat spinal cord. Brain Cell Biology 1986, 15: 745-761. PMID: 3819778, DOI: 10.1007/bf01625192.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDorsal funiculusSpinal cordSchwann cellsMyelin sheathAxonal membraneControl spinal cordsLumbosacral spinal cordSchwann cell ensheathmentRat spinal cordThin myelin sheathsDorsal spinal rootsDays of ageVoltage-sensitive sodium channelsSubsequent myelinationSpinal rootsMyelinated fibersLarge axonsCordMyelinationOligodendrocytesFuniculusSodium channelsIMP densityE-face intramembranous particlesInternodal axolemma
1985
Dorsal-ventral differences in the glia limitans of the spinal cord: an ultrastructural study in developing normal and irradiated rats.
Sims T, Gilmore S, Waxman S, Klinge E. Dorsal-ventral differences in the glia limitans of the spinal cord: an ultrastructural study in developing normal and irradiated rats. Journal Of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology 1985, 44: 415-29. PMID: 4009209, DOI: 10.1097/00005072-198507000-00005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAnimals, NewbornLumbosacral RegionRatsRats, Inbred StrainsSpinal CordTime FactorsConceptsLumbosacral spinal cordGlia limitansDays postnatalSpinal cordSubpial astrocytesRat lumbosacral spinal cordRadial glial processesDorsal-ventral differencesDorsal funiculusNormal ratsVentral surfaceSchwann cellsPostnatal ratsRadial gliaGlial processesRatsAstrocytesCordUltrastructural studyGreater numberLimitansNormal developmentGreater degreeGliaPostnatal
1983
Temporal profile resembling TIA in the setting of cerebral infarction.
Waxman S, Toole J. Temporal profile resembling TIA in the setting of cerebral infarction. Stroke 1983, 14: 433-437. PMID: 6658915, DOI: 10.1161/01.str.14.3.433.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchEffects of extracellular potassium concentration on the excitability of the parallel fibres of the rat cerebellum.
Kocsis J, Malenka R, Waxman S. Effects of extracellular potassium concentration on the excitability of the parallel fibres of the rat cerebellum. The Journal Of Physiology 1983, 334: 225-244. PMID: 6864558, PMCID: PMC1197311, DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1983.sp014491.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1981
Morphology of regenerated spinal cord in Sternarchus albifrons
Anderson M, Waxman S. Morphology of regenerated spinal cord in Sternarchus albifrons. Cell And Tissue Research 1981, 219: 1-8. PMID: 7285088, DOI: 10.1007/bf00210014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSpinal cordElectromotor neuronsRegenerated spinal cordCell bodiesSpinal cord correlatesNumerous blood vesselsSite of transectionRostro-caudal gradientSternarchus albifronsLack dendritesRegenerated cordNormal cordGlial cellsPresynaptic axonsEpendymal cellsCordBlood vesselsAxonsNeuronsAnterior sectionNormal morphologyCell relationshipsGap junctionsDistinct tractsInitial segmentEffects of variations in temperature on impulse conduction along nonmyelinated axons in the mammalian brain
Swadlow H, Waxman S, Weyand T. Effects of variations in temperature on impulse conduction along nonmyelinated axons in the mammalian brain. Experimental Neurology 1981, 71: 383-389. PMID: 7449905, DOI: 10.1016/0014-4886(81)90096-0.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1980
Modulation of Impulse Conduction Along the Axonal Tree
Swadlow H, Kocsis J, Waxman S. Modulation of Impulse Conduction Along the Axonal Tree. Annual Review Of Biophysics And Bioengineering 1980, 9: 143-179. PMID: 6994588, DOI: 10.1146/annurev.bb.09.060180.001043.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDeterminants of conduction velocity in myelinated nerve fibers
Waxman S. Determinants of conduction velocity in myelinated nerve fibers. Muscle & Nerve 1980, 3: 141-150. PMID: 6245357, DOI: 10.1002/mus.880030207.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1977
Conduction velocity and spike configuration in myelinated fibres: computed dependence on internode distance.
Brill M, Waxman S, Moore J, Joyner R. Conduction velocity and spike configuration in myelinated fibres: computed dependence on internode distance. Journal Of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 1977, 40: 769. PMID: 925697, PMCID: PMC492833, DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.40.8.769.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1976
Variations in conduction velocity and excitability following single and multiple impulses of visual callosal axons in the rabbit
Swadlow H, Waxman S. Variations in conduction velocity and excitability following single and multiple impulses of visual callosal axons in the rabbit. Experimental Neurology 1976, 53: 128-150. PMID: 964334, DOI: 10.1016/0014-4886(76)90288-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCallosal axonsAntidromic latenciesConduction velocityContralateral cortical stimulationMain axon trunkLatency decreaseCorticotectal axonsAntidromic activationAxon trunkCortical stimulationTest stimuliAwake rabbitsConditioning stimulusCell bodiesAxonsControl valuesThreshold shiftDifferent axonsConditioning pulseAppropriate intervalsPresent studyRabbitsDurationStimuliLatency
1975
Integrative Properties and Design Principles of Axons
Waxman S. Integrative Properties and Design Principles of Axons. International Review Of Neurobiology 1975, 18: 1-40. PMID: 1107245, DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7742(08)60032-x.Peer-Reviewed Original Research