2000
High-Efficiency, Long-Term Cardiac Expression of Foreign Genes in Living Mouse Embryos and Neonates
Christensen G, Minamisawa S, Gruber P, Wang Y, Chien K. High-Efficiency, Long-Term Cardiac Expression of Foreign Genes in Living Mouse Embryos and Neonates. Circulation 2000, 101: 178-184. PMID: 10637206, DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.101.2.178.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMouse myocardiumDirect intracardiac injectionAdult mouse myocardiumCardiac gene transferNeonatal miceIntracardiac injectionInfected myocytesMicrosurgical approachFunctional assessmentGene transfer strategiesCardiac expressionVentricular cavityVivo gene transferNormal physiological functionCardiac ventriclesGene transferMurine heartGene expressionPattern of expressionMyocardiumRecombinant adenovirusGene ablationAdenovirus vectorLong-term foreign gene expressionCardiac wall
1996
RXR alpha deficiency confers genetic susceptibility for aortic sac, conotruncal, atrioventricular cushion, and ventricular muscle defects in mice.
Gruber P, Kubalak S, Pexieder T, Sucov H, Evans R, Chien K. RXR alpha deficiency confers genetic susceptibility for aortic sac, conotruncal, atrioventricular cushion, and ventricular muscle defects in mice. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 1996, 98: 1332-1343. PMID: 8823298, PMCID: PMC507559, DOI: 10.1172/jci118920.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsEndocardial Cushion DefectsFetal HeartHeart Defects, CongenitalHeart Septal Defects, VentricularIn Situ HybridizationMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, Mutant StrainsMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningModels, BiologicalMusclesPeptide BiosynthesisPeptidesReceptors, Retinoic AcidTruncus Arteriosus, PersistentConceptsCardiac morphogenesisRXR alphaAtrioventricular cushionsHuman congenital heartMuscle defectsNormal cardiac morphogenesisDisease susceptibility genesEmbryonic day 13.5Gene dosage effectEmbryonic day 14.5Homozygous embryosAlpha mutant miceMorphogenic defectsHeterozygous embryosMLC-2aDosage effectAnatomic phenotypesDay 13.5EmbryosDay 14.5MorphogenesisPhenotypeDouble outlet right ventricleIntermediate phenotypesRidge defects