2009
Toll-Like Receptors 1 and 2 Heterodimers Alter Borrelia burgdorferi Gene Expression in Mice and Ticks
Fikrig E, Narasimhan S, Neelakanta G, Pal U, Chen M, Flavell R. Toll-Like Receptors 1 and 2 Heterodimers Alter Borrelia burgdorferi Gene Expression in Mice and Ticks. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2009, 200: 1331-1340. PMID: 19754309, PMCID: PMC2846271, DOI: 10.1086/605950.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGene expressionMicroarray analysisB. burgdorferi gene expressionQuantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysisToll-like receptor 1Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysisReceptor 1Expression profilesWild-type animalsHost TLRsArthropod vectorsMessenger RNA levelsPolymerase chain reaction analysisChain reaction analysisB. burgdorferi-infected ticksGenesBurgdorferi-infected ticksRNA levelsExpressionMurine hostBorrelia burgdorferiReaction analysisWild-type miceAnimalsHeterodimers
2007
Age-Associated Defect in Human TLR-1/2 Function
van Duin D, Mohanty S, Thomas V, Ginter S, Montgomery RR, Fikrig E, Allore HG, Medzhitov R, Shaw AC. Age-Associated Defect in Human TLR-1/2 Function. The Journal Of Immunology 2007, 178: 970-975. PMID: 17202359, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.2.970.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAgingCell MembraneFemaleHumansInterleukin-6MaleMiddle AgedToll-Like Receptor 1Toll-Like Receptor 2Tumor Necrosis Factor-alphaConceptsTLR1 surface expressionCytokine productionTLR functionTNF-alphaSurface expressionMultivariable mixed-effects modelsOlder adultsImpaired vaccine responsesTLR2 surface expressionInfection-related morbidityPeripheral blood monocytesYears of ageVaccine responsesIL-6Aged miceBlood monocytesYoung controlsFlow cytometryMixed effects modelsAge categoriesTLR1/2TLREffects modelN-palmitoylAdults
2002
The Lyme Disease Vaccine Takes Its Toll
Thomas V, Fikrig E. The Lyme Disease Vaccine Takes Its Toll. Vector-Borne And Zoonotic Diseases 2002, 2: 217-222. PMID: 12804162, DOI: 10.1089/153036602321653798.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialAntigens, SurfaceBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsBacterial VaccinesBorrelia burgdorferiHumansLipoproteinsLyme DiseaseLyme Disease VaccinesMembrane GlycoproteinsMiceMice, KnockoutReceptors, Cell SurfaceToll-Like Receptor 1Toll-Like Receptor 2Toll-Like ReceptorsConceptsTLR2-deficient miceToll-like receptorsPathogen-associated molecular patternsOspA antibodiesSpecific Toll-like receptorsBorrelia burgdorferi outer surface proteinDetectable humoral responseMolecular patternsProtective immune responseLyme disease vaccineDistinct pathogen-associated molecular patternsVaccine recipientsHumoral responseOspA vaccineCell surface expressionOspA vaccinationImmune responseDisease vaccineInnate responseTLR2Protective responseOuter surface proteinsTLR1Lyme diseaseDevelopment of responsesHyporesponsiveness to vaccination with Borrelia burgdorferi OspA in humans and in TLR1- and TLR2-deficient mice
Alexopoulou L, Thomas V, Schnare M, Lobet Y, Anguita J, Schoen RT, Medzhitov R, Fikrig E, Flavell RA. Hyporesponsiveness to vaccination with Borrelia burgdorferi OspA in humans and in TLR1- and TLR2-deficient mice. Nature Medicine 2002, 8: 878-884. PMID: 12091878, DOI: 10.1038/nm732.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialAntigens, SurfaceBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsBacterial VaccinesBorrelia burgdorferiCell SeparationCells, CulturedDrosophila ProteinsHumansInterleukinsLipoproteinsLyme Disease VaccinesMacrophagesMembrane GlycoproteinsMiceMice, KnockoutReceptors, Cell SurfaceSignal TransductionToll-Like Receptor 1Toll-Like Receptor 2Toll-Like ReceptorsConceptsToll-like receptor 1Less tumor necrosis factorTLR2-deficient miceLow antibody titersLyme disease vaccineTumor necrosis factorLow cell surface expressionOuter surface lipoproteinsVaccine recipientsAntibody titersInterleukin-6Cell surface expressionNecrosis factorOspA vaccinationDisease vaccineLow respondersInnate responseTLR2Low titersReceptor 1Substantial titersVaccinationMiceTLR1Borrelia burgdorferi