2024
Patient Characteristics and Practice Variation Associated With New Community Prescription of Benzodiazepine and z‐Drug Hypnotics After Critical Illness: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink
Mansi E, Rentsch C, Bourne R, Guthrie B, Lone N. Patient Characteristics and Practice Variation Associated With New Community Prescription of Benzodiazepine and z‐Drug Hypnotics After Critical Illness: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Pharmacoepidemiology And Drug Safety 2024, 33: e70056. PMID: 39603606, PMCID: PMC11602247, DOI: 10.1002/pds.70056.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCommunity prescriptionsZ-drugsIllness survivorsRetrospective cohort studyClinical Practice Research Datalink dataPractice variationUK Clinical Practice Research DatalinkClinical Practice Research DatalinkWorsening mental health conditionsCohort studyMultilevel multivariable logistic regressionSurvivors of critical illnessZ-drug prescribingCritical care survivorsPrimary care practicesCritical illnessMental health conditionsZ-drug prescriptionsCritical illness survivorsMultivariate logistic regressionPrescription opioid useCare practicesRisk of adverse eventsHealth conditionsHistory of insomniaUrsodeoxycholic acid and severe COVID-19 outcomes in a cohort study using the OpenSAFELY platform
Costello R, Waller K, Smith R, Mells G, Wong A, Schultze A, Mahalingasivam V, Herrett E, Zheng B, Lin L, MacKenna B, Mehrkar A, Bacon S, Goldacre B, Tomlinson L, Tazare J, Rentsch C. Ursodeoxycholic acid and severe COVID-19 outcomes in a cohort study using the OpenSAFELY platform. Communications Medicine 2024, 4: 238. PMID: 39562612, PMCID: PMC11576861, DOI: 10.1038/s43856-024-00664-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCOVID-19 hospitalisationSevere COVID-19 outcomesCOVID-19 related hospitalisationCOVID-19 outcomesCohort studyPopulation-based cohort studyHazard ratioPrimary care recordsDeath registration dataOpenSAFELY-TPP platformApproval of NHS EnglandConfidence intervalsEstimate hazard ratiosCox proportional hazards regressionProportional hazards regressionPre-specified confoundersAbsolute risk reductionOpenSAFELY platformCare recordsNHS EnglandConfounder adjustmentEligible individualsRegistration dataHazards regressionHospital recordsImpact of COVID-19 on recorded blood pressure screening and hypertension management in England: an analysis of monthly changes in the quality and outcomes framework indicators in OpenSAFELY
Wiedemann M, Speed V, Cunningham C, Higgins R, Curtis H, Andrews C, Fisher L, Hopcroft L, Rentsch C, Mahalingasivam V, Tomlinson L, Morton C, Samuel M, Green A, Wood C, Brown A, Massey J, Walters C, Smith R, Inglesby P, Evans D, Maude S, Dillingham I, Walker A, Morley J, Mehrkar A, Bacon S, Bates C, Cockburn J, Parry J, Hester F, McManus R, Goldacre B, MacKenna B. Impact of COVID-19 on recorded blood pressure screening and hypertension management in England: an analysis of monthly changes in the quality and outcomes framework indicators in OpenSAFELY. Open Heart 2024, 11: e002732. PMID: 39214534, DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2024-002732.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBlood pressure screeningPressure screeningPercentage of patientsHypertension prevalenceHypertension managementPopulation-based cohort studyRecord of hypertensionCardiovascular disease managementClinical subgroupsQOF indicatorsScreening ratesPrimary careGeneral practiceHome statusNHS patientsOlder peopleBlood pressure measurementsCare schemesCohort studyDisease managementImpact of COVID-19COVID-19Framework indicatorsNational qualityNHSSevere Acute Liver Injury After Hepatotoxic Medication Initiation in Real-World Data
Torgersen J, Mezochow A, Newcomb C, Carbonari D, Hennessy S, Rentsch C, Park L, Tate J, Bräu N, Bhattacharya D, Lim J, Mezzacappa C, Njei B, Roy J, Taddei T, Justice A, Re V. Severe Acute Liver Injury After Hepatotoxic Medication Initiation in Real-World Data. JAMA Internal Medicine 2024, 184: 943-952. PMID: 38913369, PMCID: PMC11197444, DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.1836.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchIncidence rateUS Department of Veterans AffairsMedication initiationDepartment of Veterans AffairsInitiation of medicationVeterans AffairsMain OutcomesPotential of medicationsOutpatient settingDischarge diagnosisCohort studyDay of admissionCase reportReal World DataReport countsMedicationMedical cohortSevere acute liver injuryUS DepartmentFollow-upAcute liver injuryHospitalCohortHepatotoxic medicationsIncidenceContribution of Potentially Inappropriate Medications to Polypharmacy-Associated Risk of Mortality in Middle-Aged Patients: A National Cohort Study
Guillot J, Justice A, Gordon K, Skanderson M, Pariente A, Bezin J, Rentsch C. Contribution of Potentially Inappropriate Medications to Polypharmacy-Associated Risk of Mortality in Middle-Aged Patients: A National Cohort Study. Journal Of General Internal Medicine 2024, 1-10. PMID: 38831248, DOI: 10.1007/s11606-024-08817-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMiddle-aged patientsRisk of mortalityVeterans AffairsChronic medicationsVA patient populationIntegrated healthcare systemNational cohort studyAssociated with increased mortalityMiddle-aged individualsMechanism of injuryMiddle-aged peopleAssociated with mortalityInappropriate medicationsBeers criteriaHealthcare systemAttenuate riskCohort studyClinical characteristicsGeneral populationHyperpolypharmacyFollow-upPolypharmacyPatient populationBackgroundThe roleCox modelCare interruptions and mortality among adults in Europe and North America
Trickey A, Zhang L, Rentsch C, Pantazis N, Izquierdo R, Antinori A, Leierer G, Burkholder G, Cavassini M, Palacio-Vieira J, Gill M, Teira R, Stephan C, Obel N, Vehreschild J, Sterling T, Van Der Valk M, Bonnet F, Crane H, Silverberg M, Ingle S, Sterne J. Care interruptions and mortality among adults in Europe and North America. AIDS 2024, 38: 1533-1542. PMID: 38742863, PMCID: PMC11239093, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003924.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCare interruptionsMortality riskCohort studyHazard ratioAnalysis of cohort studiesAntiretroviral therapyCare of peopleRobust to sensitivity analysesMortality hazard ratioCrude mortality rateHazard of mortalityAntiretroviral therapy initiationObservational cohort studyAntiretroviral therapy startUninterrupted careFollow-up groupCareAssociated with adverse outcomesPWHCox regressionAdverse outcomesFollow-up timeMortality rateCompare hazardsComposite outcomeIncident dementia risk among patients with type 2 diabetes receiving metformin versus alternative oral glucose-lowering therapy: an observational cohort study using UK primary healthcare records
Doran W, Tunnicliffe L, Muzambi R, Rentsch C, Bhaskaran K, Smeeth L, Brayne C, Williams D, Chaturvedi N, Eastwood S, Dunachie S, Mathur R, Warren-Gash C. Incident dementia risk among patients with type 2 diabetes receiving metformin versus alternative oral glucose-lowering therapy: an observational cohort study using UK primary healthcare records. BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care 2024, 12: e003548. PMID: 38272537, PMCID: PMC10823924, DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2023-003548.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRisk of dementiaMild cognitive impairmentOral glucose-lowering therapyDementia riskObservational cohort studyAs-treated analysisGlucose-lowering therapyRisk of incident all-cause dementiaUK adultsCompare risk of dementiaIncident all-cause dementiaType 2 diabetesClinical Practice Research DatalinkActive comparator new user designCohort studyAll-cause dementiaPrimary healthcare recordsIncident dementia riskAssociated with lower riskPotential exposure misclassificationCox proportional hazards regressionMetformin useRisk of confoundingProportional hazards regressionIncident dementiaPsychotropic prescribing after hospital discharge in survivors of critical illness, a retrospective cohort study (2012–2019)
Mansi E, Rentsch C, Bourne R, Guthrie B, Lone N. Psychotropic prescribing after hospital discharge in survivors of critical illness, a retrospective cohort study (2012–2019). Journal Of The Intensive Care Society 2024, 25: 171-180. PMID: 38737305, PMCID: PMC11081855, DOI: 10.1177/17511437231223470.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPsychotropic prescriptionsSurvivors of critical illnessCritical care survivorsPsychotropic prescribingCare groupHospital dischargeRetrospective cohort studyCritical careCritical illnessCohort studyHazard ratioMental health issuesCritical care groupHospitalised survivorsPsychotropic medicinesPotential confoundersSleep disturbanceHospitalised adultsHealth issuesHospitalised patientsIllnessSurvivorsPrescriptionClinical practiceCareHerpes Zoster and Risk of Incident Parkinson's Disease in US Veterans: A Matched Cohort Study
Tunnicliffe L, Weil R, Breuer J, Rodriguez‐Barradas M, Smeeth L, Rentsch C, Warren‐Gash C. Herpes Zoster and Risk of Incident Parkinson's Disease in US Veterans: A Matched Cohort Study. Movement Disorders 2024, 39: 438-444. PMID: 38226430, PMCID: PMC10922272, DOI: 10.1002/mds.29701.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUS Department of Veterans AffairsCohort studyRisk of incident PDDepartment of Veterans AffairsCox proportional hazards regressionIncident Parkinson's diseaseAssociated with increased riskHistory of HZMatched cohort studyProportional hazards regressionRisk of PDHerpes zosterIncident PDRisk of incident Parkinson's diseaseVeterans AffairsIncident HZUS veteransPD overallHazards regressionPD riskParkinson's diseaseIncreased riskMatched individualsUS DepartmentAssociated with Parkinson's disease
2023
Excess mortality in US Veterans during the COVID-19 pandemic: an individual-level cohort study
Weinberger D, Bhaskaran K, Korves C, Lucas B, Columbo J, Vashi A, Davies L, Justice A, Rentsch C. Excess mortality in US Veterans during the COVID-19 pandemic: an individual-level cohort study. International Journal Of Epidemiology 2023, 52: 1725-1734. PMID: 37802889, PMCID: PMC10749763, DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyad136.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExcess mortality ratesExcess mortalityComorbidity burdenHazard ratioCohort studyMortality rateVeterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) IndexIndividual-level cohort studyVeterans AffairsCOVID-19 pandemicLarge integrated healthcare systemExcess mortality patternsHigher comorbidity burdenLower comorbidity burdenMost frail patientsCharlson Comorbidity IndexObservational cohort studyClinical risk groupsIntegrated healthcare systemLeast frailComorbidity indexFrail patientsPre-pandemic periodMedian ageUS veteransAlcohol Use and Sustained Virologic Response to Hepatitis C Virus Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy
Cartwright E, Pierret C, Minassian C, Esserman D, Tate J, Goetz M, Bhattacharya D, Fiellin D, Justice A, Re V, Rentsch C. Alcohol Use and Sustained Virologic Response to Hepatitis C Virus Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy. JAMA Network Open 2023, 6: e2335715. PMID: 37751206, PMCID: PMC10523171, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.35715.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSustained virologic responseAlcohol use disorderHigh-risk consumptionHistory of AUDLow-risk consumptionDAA therapyAlcohol use categoriesAlcohol useVirologic responseCohort studyAntiviral therapyOdds ratioChronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infectionAlcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) questionnaireHepatitis C virus infectionVeterans AffairsActing antiviral (DAA) therapyDAA treatment initiationHCV elimination goalsUndetectable HCV RNAC virus infectionFibrosis-4 scoreRetrospective cohort studyMultivariable logistic regressionTenth Revision diagnosisSex-specific risks for cardiovascular disease across the glycaemic spectrum: a population-based cohort study using the UK Biobank
Rentsch C, Garfield V, Mathur R, Eastwood S, Smeeth L, Chaturvedi N, Bhaskaran K. Sex-specific risks for cardiovascular disease across the glycaemic spectrum: a population-based cohort study using the UK Biobank. The Lancet Regional Health - Europe 2023, 32: 100693. PMID: 37671124, PMCID: PMC10477037, DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100693.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCoronary artery diseaseDeep vein thrombosisSex-specific riskCardiovascular diseaseUndiagnosed diabetesGlycaemic spectrumPulmonary embolismExcess riskPopulation-based cohort studyRisk of CVDAge-adjusted HRIncident cardiovascular diseaseBritish Heart FoundationSex-specific associationsUK BiobankWeight reduction strategiesStatin medicationStatin useClinical characteristicsCohort studyComposite outcomeNormal HbA1cVein thrombosisArtery diseaseHeart failureContribution of alcohol use in HIV/hepatitis C virus co‐infection to all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality: A collaboration of cohort studies
Trickey A, Ingle S, Boyd A, Gill M, Grabar S, Jarrin I, Obel N, Touloumi G, Zangerle R, Rauch A, Rentsch C, Satre D, Silverberg M, Bonnet F, Guest J, Burkholder G, Crane H, Teira R, Berenguer J, Wyen C, Abgrall S, Hessamfar M, Reiss P, Monforte A, McGinnis K, Sterne J, Wittkop L, Collaboration T. Contribution of alcohol use in HIV/hepatitis C virus co‐infection to all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality: A collaboration of cohort studies. Journal Of Viral Hepatitis 2023, 30: 775-786. PMID: 37338017, PMCID: PMC10526649, DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13863.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHepatitis C virusAntiretroviral therapyAlcohol useC virusHIV/hepatitis C virusHeavy drinkersMultivariable Cox modelModerate alcohol drinkersNorth American cohortCause-specific mortalityGrams/dayBaseline alcohol useSelf-reported alcohol useHigher alcohol useART initiationHCV statusCohort studyHazard ratioAdult PWHAlcohol drinkersAlcohol use dataCox modelPWHAmerican cohortMortalityExcess Mortality Among Patients in the Veterans Affairs Health System Compared With the Overall US Population During the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Weinberger D, Rose L, Rentsch C, Asch S, Columbo J, King J, Korves C, Lucas B, Taub C, Young-Xu Y, Vashi A, Davies L, Justice A. Excess Mortality Among Patients in the Veterans Affairs Health System Compared With the Overall US Population During the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic. JAMA Network Open 2023, 6: e2312140. PMID: 37155169, PMCID: PMC10167568, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12140.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGeneral US populationVA health care systemHealth care systemComprehensive medical careOverall US populationRate of deathVA populationUS populationDeath rateCohort studyExcess mortalityCare systemCOVID-19 pandemicMedical careVeterans Affairs Health Care SystemVeterans Affairs Health SystemHealth systemVA health systemFirst yearVA health careStandardized mortality rateAdult age groupsVA enrolleesMAIN OUTCOMEGeneral populationRacial, Ethnic, and Rural Disparities in U.S. Veteran COVID-19 Vaccine Rates
Bernstein E, DeRycke E, Han L, Farmer M, Bastian L, Bean-Mayberry B, Bade B, Brandt C, Crothers K, Skanderson M, Ruser C, Spelman J, Bazan I, Justice A, Rentsch C, Akgün K. Racial, Ethnic, and Rural Disparities in U.S. Veteran COVID-19 Vaccine Rates. AJPM Focus 2023, 2: 100094. PMID: 37362395, PMCID: PMC10038675, DOI: 10.1016/j.focus.2023.100094.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRace/ethnicity groupsFirst vaccinationFirst COVID-19 vaccinationVeterans AffairsWhite veteransCharlson Comorbidity IndexRetrospective cohort studyPrimary care visitsEthnicity groupsCOVID-19 vaccinationLarge healthcare systemEquitable vaccine distributionAsian Americans/Pacific IslandersRace/ethnicityUnvaccinated patientsComorbidity indexInfluenza vaccinationSelf-reported categoriesBlack groupCare visitsCohort studyHazard ratioPrimary outcomeWhite patientsBlack patientsTrends, variation, and clinical characteristics of recipients of antiviral drugs and neutralising monoclonal antibodies for covid-19 in community settings: retrospective, descriptive cohort study of 23.4 million people in OpenSAFELY
Green A, Curtis H, Higgins R, Nab L, Mahalingasivam V, Smith R, Mehrkar A, Inglesby P, Drysdale H, DeVito N, Croker R, Rentsch C, Bhaskaran K, Tazare J, Zheng B, Andrews C, Bacon S, Davy S, Dillingham I, Evans D, Fisher L, Hickman G, Hopcroft L, Hulme W, Massey J, MacDonald O, Morley J, Morton C, Park R, Walker A, Ward T, Wiedemann M, Bates C, Cockburn J, Parry J, Hester F, Harper S, Douglas I, Evans S, Goldacre B, Tomlinson L, MacKenna B. Trends, variation, and clinical characteristics of recipients of antiviral drugs and neutralising monoclonal antibodies for covid-19 in community settings: retrospective, descriptive cohort study of 23.4 million people in OpenSAFELY. BMJ Medicine 2023, 2: e000276. PMID: 36936265, PMCID: PMC9951378, DOI: 10.1136/bmjmed-2022-000276.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDescriptive cohort studyHigh-risk groupSevere outcomesHigh riskCohort studyHome residentsRisk groupsAntiviral drugsCOVID-19Community settingsMonoclonal antibodiesCasirivimab/imdevimabLow treatment coverageNHS regionProportion of patientsCOVID-19 infectionRoutine clinical dataOpenSAFELY platformUnvaccinated patientsClinical characteristicsLiver diseaseClinical dataTreatment coverageEligibility criteriaPatients
2022
Association Between Alcohol Use Disorder and Receipt of Direct-Acting Antiviral Hepatitis C Virus Treatment
Haque L, Fiellin D, Tate J, Esserman D, Bhattacharya D, Butt A, Crystal S, Edelman E, Gordon A, Lim J, Tetrault J, Williams E, Bryant K, Cartwright E, Rentsch C, Justice A, Re V, McGinnis K. Association Between Alcohol Use Disorder and Receipt of Direct-Acting Antiviral Hepatitis C Virus Treatment. JAMA Network Open 2022, 5: e2246604. PMID: 36515952, PMCID: PMC9856353, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.46604.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCurrent alcohol use disorderLow-risk drinkingAlcohol use disorderVeterans Health AdministrationHistory of AUDDAA treatmentAlcohol use categoriesAUD historyCohort studyRisk drinkingUse disordersDirect acting antiviral (DAA) treatmentAlcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) questionnaireHepatitis C virus infectionHepatitis C virus (HCV) treatmentCox proportional hazards regressionC virus infectionC virus treatmentProportional hazards regressionTenth Revision diagnosisAUDIT-C questionnaireInternational Statistical ClassificationRelated Health ProblemsAntiviral treatmentRevision diagnosisSpironolactone as a potential new pharmacotherapy for alcohol use disorder: convergent evidence from rodent and human studies
Farokhnia M, Rentsch CT, Chuong V, McGinn MA, Elvig SK, Douglass EA, Gonzalez LA, Sanfilippo JE, Marchette RCN, Tunstall BJ, Fiellin DA, Koob GF, Justice AC, Leggio L, Vendruscolo LF. Spironolactone as a potential new pharmacotherapy for alcohol use disorder: convergent evidence from rodent and human studies. Molecular Psychiatry 2022, 27: 4642-4652. PMID: 36123420, PMCID: PMC10231646, DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01736-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAlcohol use disorderAlcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-ConsumptionEffect of spironolactoneAlcohol consumptionSpironolactone doseNovel pharmacotherapiesUse disordersHuman studiesLarge integrated healthcare systemHeavy episodic alcohol consumptionAlcohol-induced ataxiaMineralocorticoid receptor antagonistsSelf-reported alcohol consumptionBlood alcohol levelsEpisodic alcohol consumptionIntegrated healthcare systemPharmacoepidemiologic cohort studyPotential new pharmacotherapiesCohort studyAlcohol drinkingReceptor antagonistFemale miceFemale ratsNew pharmacotherapiesRat modelRecording of ’COVID-19 vaccine declined‘: a cohort study on 57.9 million National Health Service patients’ records in situ using OpenSAFELY, England, 8 December 2020 to 25 May 2021
Curtis HJ, Inglesby P, MacKenna B, Croker R, Hulme WJ, Rentsch CT, Bhaskaran K, Mathur R, Morton CE, Bacon SC, Smith RM, Evans D, Mehrkar A, Tomlinson L, Walker AJ, Bates C, Hickman G, Ward T, Morley J, Cockburn J, Davy S, Williamson EJ, Eggo RM, Parry J, Hester F, Harper S, O’Hanlon S, Eavis A, Jarvis R, Avramov D, Griffiths P, Fowles A, Parkes N, Evans SJ, Douglas IJ, Smeeth L, Goldacre B. Recording of ’COVID-19 vaccine declined‘: a cohort study on 57.9 million National Health Service patients’ records in situ using OpenSAFELY, England, 8 December 2020 to 25 May 2021. Eurosurveillance 2022, 27: 2100885. PMID: 35983770, PMCID: PMC9389857, DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2022.27.33.2100885.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCOVID-19 vaccinationCOVID-19 vaccineCohort studyPriority patientsRetrospective cohort studyPrimary care recordsMore deprived areasUnvaccinated patientsSubsequent vaccinationSouth Asian peopleSouth Asian populationGeneral practicePatientsCare recordsClinical record systemsVaccinationNHS EnglandPatient recordsVaccineDeprived areasAsian populationsOpenSAFELYDemographic subgroupsRecord systemDemographic factorsComparative effectiveness of ChAdOx1 versus BNT162b2 covid-19 vaccines in health and social care workers in England: cohort study using OpenSAFELY
Hulme WJ, Williamson EJ, Green ACA, Bhaskaran K, McDonald HI, Rentsch CT, Schultze A, Tazare J, Curtis HJ, Walker AJ, Tomlinson LA, Palmer T, Horne EMF, MacKenna B, Morton CE, Mehrkar A, Morley J, Fisher L, Bacon SCJ, Evans D, Inglesby P, Hickman G, Davy S, Ward T, Croker R, Eggo RM, Wong AYS, Mathur R, Wing K, Forbes H, Grint DJ, Douglas IJ, Evans SJW, Smeeth L, Bates C, Cockburn J, Parry J, Hester F, Harper S, Sterne JAC, Hernán MA, Goldacre B. Comparative effectiveness of ChAdOx1 versus BNT162b2 covid-19 vaccines in health and social care workers in England: cohort study using OpenSAFELY. The BMJ 2022, 378: e068946. PMID: 35858680, PMCID: PMC9295078, DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2021-068946.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCovid-19 related hospital admissionCOVID-19 vaccineCOVID-19 diseaseRelated hospital admissionsCumulative incidenceHospital admissionSocial care workersCare workersCohort studyHealthcare workersPositive SARS-CoV-2 testBNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccineChAdOx1 COVID-19 vaccineSARS-CoV-2 positive testSARS-CoV-2 infectionSARS-CoV-2 alpha variantSARS-CoV-2 testCOVID-19First vaccine doseComparative effectiveness trialFirst dose vaccinationBNT162b2 mRNAHospital attendanceVaccine doseVaccine types