2022
Returning to basic principles to develop more effective treatments for central nervous system disorders
Wexler BE. Returning to basic principles to develop more effective treatments for central nervous system disorders. Experimental Biology And Medicine 2022, 247: 856-867. PMID: 35172621, PMCID: PMC9158240, DOI: 10.1177/15353702221078291.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsBrainCentral Nervous System DiseasesHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingNeuronal PlasticityTreatment OutcomeConceptsCentral nervous systemPositron emission tomographyNeuroplastic processesMagnetic stimulationCentral nervous system disordersFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) imagingNervous system disordersMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imagingSystem-based initiativesCNS diseasesClinical trialsEffective treatmentSystem disordersSide effectsNervous systemNew treatmentsClinical disordersCandidate drugsEmission tomographyBrain functionPreclinical research
2021
Atypical Dynamic Functional Network Connectivity State Engagement during Social–Emotional Processing in Schizophrenia and Autism
Hyatt CJ, Wexler BE, Pittman B, Nicholson A, Pearlson GD, Corbera S, Bell MD, Pelphrey K, Calhoun VD, Assaf M. Atypical Dynamic Functional Network Connectivity State Engagement during Social–Emotional Processing in Schizophrenia and Autism. Cerebral Cortex 2021, 32: 3406-3422. PMID: 34875687, PMCID: PMC9376868, DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab423.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAutism Spectrum DisorderAutistic DisorderBrainBrain MappingEmotionsHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingSchizophreniaYoung AdultConceptsAutism spectrum disorderSocial-emotional processingDFNC statesDifferent neural processingFunction of emotionFunctional connectivity patternsHappy videosSad videosNeutral contentNeural processingTask scoresSpectrum disorderDifferential engagementDFNC measuresMore timeYoung adultsConnectivity patternsState engagementEmotionsSchizophreniaIndependent component analysisEngagementProcessingSignificant relationshipAlexithymia
2019
Dynamic functional connectivity in schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder: Convergence, divergence and classification
Rabany L, Brocke S, Calhoun VD, Pittman B, Corbera S, Wexler BE, Bell MD, Pelphrey K, Pearlson GD, Assaf M. Dynamic functional connectivity in schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder: Convergence, divergence and classification. NeuroImage Clinical 2019, 24: 101966. PMID: 31401405, PMCID: PMC6700449, DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101966.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAutism Spectrum DisorderBrainBrain MappingFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleNerve NetSchizophreniaYoung Adult
2015
Brain Activity During Cocaine Craving and Gambling Urges: An fMRI Study
Kober H, Lacadie CM, Wexler BE, Malison RT, Sinha R, Potenza MN. Brain Activity During Cocaine Craving and Gambling Urges: An fMRI Study. Neuropsychopharmacology 2015, 41: 628-637. PMID: 26119472, PMCID: PMC5130138, DOI: 10.1038/npp.2015.193.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFunctional magnetic resonance imagingCD participantsCocaine dependenceCocaine cravingPG participantsPathological gamblingGender-specific therapiesBrain activityMagnetic resonance imagingNeural correlatesSelf-reported cravingInsula/Ventromedial prefrontal cortexNeurobiological similaritiesResonance imagingGambling urgesDrug cravingPrefrontal cortexDorsal mPFCControl participantsCravingFMRI studyMPFC regionFuture studiesParticipants
2014
Neural activation abnormalities during self-referential processing in schizophrenia: An fMRI study
Liu J, Corbera S, Wexler BE. Neural activation abnormalities during self-referential processing in schizophrenia: An fMRI study. Psychiatry Research 2014, 222: 165-171. PMID: 24795158, DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2014.04.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultBrainCerebral CortexFemaleHumansLanguageMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedMothersSchizophreniaSchizophrenic PsychologyUnited StatesConceptsActivation abnormalitiesHealthy controlsCortical midline structuresMidline structuresBlood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signalLevel-dependent signalFunctional magnetic resonanceGeneral neuropathologySchizophrenia altersTemporal gyrusPatientsAbnormalitiesSchizophreniaActivation paradigmGreater signal increaseGroup differencesFMRI studyPosterior regionSelf-referential processingMothersMagnetic resonanceDependent signalsNeuropathologyControlGyrus
2013
Anatomical Abnormalities in Gray and White Matter of the Cortical Surface in Persons with Schizophrenia
Colibazzi T, Wexler BE, Bansal R, Hao X, Liu J, Sanchez-Peña J, Corcoran C, Lieberman JA, Peterson BS. Anatomical Abnormalities in Gray and White Matter of the Cortical Surface in Persons with Schizophrenia. PLOS ONE 2013, 8: e55783. PMID: 23418459, PMCID: PMC3572102, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055783.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCortical thicknessWhite matterCortical surface areaGray matterAnatomical abnormalitiesGM volumeWM abnormalitiesContribution of abnormalitiesRegional GM volumeHealthy controlsHigh burdenCingulate gyrusTotal cortical surface areaThinner cortexSuperior frontalAbnormalitiesLocation of abnormalitiesPerisylvian cortexSchizophreniaWM surfaceBrainCortical surfaceBrain anatomyPatientsSerial position task
2012
Does baseline cerebral blood flow affect task-related blood oxygenation level dependent response in schizophrenia?
Liu J, Qiu M, Constable RT, Wexler BE. Does baseline cerebral blood flow affect task-related blood oxygenation level dependent response in schizophrenia? Schizophrenia Research 2012, 140: 143-148. PMID: 22789669, PMCID: PMC3423495, DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2012.06.028.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCerebral blood flowBlood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) responseInter-group differencesHealthy controlsLevel-dependent responsesBOLD responseFrontal cortexGroup differencesBlood flowBaseline cerebral blood flowTask-related BOLD responseBilateral frontal poleRight basal gangliaRight inferior frontal cortexBOLD signal increasesBilateral prefrontal areasMiddle frontal cortexInferior frontal cortexRight fusiform gyrusBilateral thalamusBasal gangliaBOLD studyVascular pathologyPatientsVisual processing areas
2008
Neuropsychological Near Normality and Brain Structure Abnormality in Schizophrenia
Wexler BE, Zhu H, Bell MD, Nicholls SS, Fulbright RK, Gore JC, Colibazzi T, Amat J, Bansal R, Peterson BS. Neuropsychological Near Normality and Brain Structure Abnormality in Schizophrenia. American Journal Of Psychiatry 2008, 166: 189-195. PMID: 18765481, PMCID: PMC4288572, DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.08020258.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealthy comparison subjectsComparison subjectsCognitive deficitsCalifornia Verbal Learning TestScores one standard deviationTests of attentionVerbal Learning TestContinuous Performance TestLarger third ventricle volumesMixed-model multivariate analysisSmaller gray matterWhite matterVentricle volumeSevere cognitive deficitsBrain structure abnormalitiesGray matterLearning TestLarger lateral ventricle volumesCognitive testsThird ventricle volumesLateral ventricle volumeWhite matter pathologySmaller white matterImpaired groupNeuropsychological testing
2005
Neural activity associated with stress-induced cocaine craving: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Sinha R, Lacadie C, Skudlarski P, Fulbright RK, Rounsaville BJ, Kosten TR, Wexler BE. Neural activity associated with stress-induced cocaine craving: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Psychopharmacology 2005, 183: 171-180. PMID: 16163517, DOI: 10.1007/s00213-005-0147-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultBlood PressureBrainBrain MappingCocaine-Related DisordersFemaleHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedOxygenStress, PhysiologicalConceptsStress-induced cocaineCocaine-dependent individualsFunctional magnetic resonance imaging sessionNeural activityFunctional magnetic resonance imaging studyMagnetic resonance imaging sessionCocaine cravingRegulation of emotionHippocampal/parahippocampal regionLevel-dependent signal changesRight fusiform gyrusStress-related vulnerabilityPara-limbic regionsAnterior cingulate regionsRight postcentral gyrusDependent signal changesMagnetic resonance imaging studyResonance imaging studyStress processingFusiform gyrusNeutral situationsSpecific frontalBOLD activationPersonal stressCingulate regionsCue-Induced Brain Activity Changes and Relapse in Cocaine-Dependent Patients
Kosten TR, Scanley BE, Tucker KA, Oliveto A, Prince C, Sinha R, Potenza MN, Skudlarski P, Wexler BE. Cue-Induced Brain Activity Changes and Relapse in Cocaine-Dependent Patients. Neuropsychopharmacology 2005, 31: 644-650. PMID: 16123763, DOI: 10.1038/sj.npp.1300851.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultBrainCerebral CortexCocaine-Related DisordersCuesDouble-Blind MethodEcho-Planar ImagingFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleOxygenPhotic StimulationRecurrenceConceptsFunctional magnetic resonance imagingPosterior cingulate cortexCocaine-related cuesCocaine-dependent patientsBrain activationTreatment effectiveness scoreSensory association corticesBrain activity changesPCC activationCocaine cuesSuperior temporalBOLD activationCingulate cortexSubjective reportsTreatment developmentAssociation cortexCuesProcessing areasCocaine abusePhysiological activationCortexNonrelapsersBest predictorCocaine-free urinesDrug use
2004
Neural Circuits Underlying Emotional Distress in Humans
SINHA R, LACADIE C, SKUDLARSKI P, WEXLER BE. Neural Circuits Underlying Emotional Distress in Humans. Annals Of The New York Academy Of Sciences 2004, 1032: 254-257. PMID: 15677422, DOI: 10.1196/annals.1314.032.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultBrain MappingCerebral CortexEmotionsFemaleHumansImagery, PsychotherapyLimbic SystemMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMuscle RelaxationNerve NetOxygenStress, PsychologicalConceptsEmotional distressHealthy volunteersFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniquesStressful life eventsEmotional stressPosterior cingulate regionsPrefrontal cortical circuitsSubstance use disordersStress processingBrain activationBrain correlatesImagery trialsMedial prefrontalAnterior cingulateLife eventsCingulate regionsMagnetic resonance imaging techniquesParahippocampal gyrusCortical circuitsUse disordersHealthy individualsDistressNeural circuitsSignificant activationClinical samplesFunctional MRI changes before and after onset of reported emotions
Prohovnik I, Skudlarski P, Fulbright RK, Gore JC, Wexler BE. Functional MRI changes before and after onset of reported emotions. Psychiatry Research 2004, 132: 239-250. PMID: 15664795, DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2004.03.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultBrainEmotionsFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMood DisordersPhotic StimulationTemporal LobeTime FactorsVideotape RecordingConceptsFunctional magnetic resonance imagingEmotional responsesConscious emotional experienceBrain regionsBrain-imaging studiesSubjective emotional responsesNegative emotional responsesFace social interactionsSuperior temporal gyrusMiddle frontal gyrusEmotion-related behaviorsDistinctive brain regionsMultiple brain regionsCognitive tasksEvoked emotionHealthy young adultsNeural correlatesSad conditionEmotional experienceFrontal gyrusReported onsetEmotional stimulationTemporal gyrusSensory regionsSocial interaction
2003
Amygdala hyperreactivity in borderline personality disorder: implications for emotional dysregulation
Donegan NH, Sanislow CA, Blumberg HP, Fulbright RK, Lacadie C, Skudlarski P, Gore JC, Olson IR, McGlashan TH, Wexler BE. Amygdala hyperreactivity in borderline personality disorder: implications for emotional dysregulation. Biological Psychiatry 2003, 54: 1284-1293. PMID: 14643096, DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00636-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAmygdalaBorderline Personality DisorderCase-Control StudiesEmotionsFacial ExpressionFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedVisual PerceptionConceptsNormal control subjectsBorderline personality disorderControl subjectsBorderline patientsAmygdala hyperreactivityBPD patientsPersonality disorderEmotional dysregulationDisorders of moodFunctional magnetic resonance imagingMagnetic resonance imagingClinical research teamPatientsResonance imagingPsychiatry departmentDSM-IVAmygdala reactivityAmygdala activationDisordersNeural responsesHyperreactivityDysregulationActivation levelsSubjectsRobust differencesGambling Urges in Pathological Gambling: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Potenza MN, Steinberg MA, Skudlarski P, Fulbright RK, Lacadie CM, Wilber MK, Rounsaville BJ, Gore JC, Wexler BE. Gambling Urges in Pathological Gambling: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. JAMA Psychiatry 2003, 60: 828-836. PMID: 12912766, DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.60.8.828.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPathological gamblingGambling urgesBrain activityEchoplanar functional magnetic resonance imagingPG subjectsFunctional magnetic resonance imaging studyGroup differencesFunctional magnetic resonance imagingVentral anterior cingulateRegional brain activityBrain activity changesGambling cuesMagnetic resonance imaging studyResonance imaging studyNeural correlatesMotivational responsesBrain mechanismsGambling stimuliImpulse regulationTemporal epochsSad contentGambling behaviorOrbitofrontal cortexLimbic brain structuresAnterior cingulate
2001
Functional MR imaging of regional brain activation associated with the affective experience of pain.
Fulbright R, Troche C, Skudlarski P, Gore J, Wexler B. Functional MR imaging of regional brain activation associated with the affective experience of pain. American Journal Of Roentgenology 2001, 177: 1205-10. PMID: 11641204, DOI: 10.2214/ajr.177.5.1771205.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAffectArousalBrainBrain MappingCerebral CortexDominance, CerebralEcho-Planar ImagingFemaleFrontal LobeGyrus CinguliHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMalePainThalamusConceptsAnterior cingulate gyrusSuperior frontal gyrusCingulate gyrusPain taskRight cuneusFunctional MRFrontal gyrusRight superior frontal gyrusBrain activationPain-related activationCold pressor testLeft anterior insulaExperience of painRegional brain activationFunctional MR imagingMotor-sensory areasPainful temperaturesPain thresholdLeft thalamusPressor testPainful levelsPostcentral gyrusPainFrontal lobeHealthy adultsFunctional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cocaine Craving
Wexler BE, Gottschalk CH, Fulbright RK, Prohovnik I, Lacadie CM, Rounsaville BJ, Gore JC. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cocaine Craving. American Journal Of Psychiatry 2001, 158: 86-95. PMID: 11136638, DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.158.1.86.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFunctional magnetic resonance imagingHealthy subjectsCocaine-dependent subjectsMagnetic resonance imagingResonance imagingCocaine addictsReported onsetBrain activationBrain activityRegional brain activationFrontal lobe activationAnterior cingulate activationNeurobiology of addictionCocaine cravingAnterior cingulatePatientsFrontal lobePhysiologic linkSensory areasComparison of groupsDrug cravingDysphoric statesLess activationGeneral abnormalityCingulate activation
2000
Preliminary Evidence of Improved Verbal Working Memory Performance and Normalization of Task-Related Frontal Lobe Activation in Schizophrenia Following Cognitive Exercises
Wexler BE, Anderson M, Fulbright RK, Gore JC. Preliminary Evidence of Improved Verbal Working Memory Performance and Normalization of Task-Related Frontal Lobe Activation in Schizophrenia Following Cognitive Exercises. American Journal Of Psychiatry 2000, 157: 1694-1697. PMID: 11007730, DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.157.10.1694.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLeft inferior frontal cortexTask-related activationVerbal memory taskInferior frontal cortexMemory performanceMemory taskCognitive exercisesMemory exercisesNonverbal memory performanceWorking Memory PerformanceVerbal memory deficitsVerbal memory dysfunctionFrontal lobe activationRegional brain activationFrontal cortexSame brain regionsBrain activationTraining periodMemory deficitsMemory dysfunctionBrain regionsPreliminary evidenceBehavioral aspectsTaskSchizophrenia
1998
Cortical Dysfunction in Schizophrenia During Auditory Word and Tone Working Memory Demonstrated by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Stevens AA, Goldman-Rakic PS, Gore JC, Fulbright RK, Wexler BE. Cortical Dysfunction in Schizophrenia During Auditory Word and Tone Working Memory Demonstrated by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. JAMA Psychiatry 1998, 55: 1097-1103. PMID: 9862553, DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.55.12.1097.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSerial position taskFunctional magnetic resonance imagingInferior frontal gyrusPosition taskMemory deficitsFrontal gyrusLeft inferior frontal gyrusAnterior temporal lobe areasTask-specific activationFunctional magnetic resonanceSpeech-related areasCortical hemodynamic responsesTemporal lobe areasSevere cognitive deficitsAuditory wordsWorking memoryVerbal learningNeural basisSuch deficitsCognitive deficitsCognitive functionParietal lobeLobe areasMagnetic resonance imagingCognitive dysfunctionFunctional MR imaging of regional brain responses to pleasant and unpleasant odors.
Fulbright RK, Skudlarski P, Lacadie CM, Warrenburg S, Bowers AA, Gore JC, Wexler BE. Functional MR imaging of regional brain responses to pleasant and unpleasant odors. American Journal Of Neuroradiology 1998, 19: 1721-6. PMID: 9802496, PMCID: PMC8337499.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAirBrain MappingCerebral CortexCitrusFemaleFrontal LobeHemiterpenesHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleOdorantsOlfactory PathwaysPentanoic AcidsConceptsFunctional MR imagingArea 8BA 6MR imagingBrodmann area 8Human cerebral cortexRegional brain responsesMedial temporal lobeTemporal brain regionsLeft BA 6Independent t-testCerebral cortexTemporal lobeBA 32Cortical areasLeft insulaAnterior temporal brain regionsBrain regionsOrbitofrontal cortexNormal adultsIsovaleric acidOlfactory networkMore activityAir trialsBrain responses
1997
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of the Human Brain Auditory Cortex Response to Increasing Word Presentation Rates
Dhankhar A, Wexler B, Fulbright R, Halwes T, Blamire A, Shulman R. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of the Human Brain Auditory Cortex Response to Increasing Word Presentation Rates. Journal Of Neurophysiology 1997, 77: 476-483. PMID: 9120588, DOI: 10.1152/jn.1997.77.1.476.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAlgorithmsAuditory CortexBrain MappingFemaleHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleSpeechSpeech PerceptionConceptsSecondary auditory cortexAuditory cortex responsesTransverse temporal gyrusFunctional magnetic resonance imagingAuditory cortexSuperior temporal gyrusCortex responsesFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) assessmentsMagnetic Resonance Imaging AssessmentTemporal gyrusPosterior-superior aspectEcho-planar functional magnetic resonance imagingMagnetic resonance imagingImaging assessmentGray matterResonance imagingSuperior aspectCortexSignificant differencesTemporal sulcusSubsequent fallGyrusT2 weightingImaging sequenceSubjects