2020
Non‐alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Insulin Resistance
Petersen M, Samuel V, Petersen K, Shulman G. Non‐alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Insulin Resistance. 2020, 455-471. DOI: 10.1002/9781119436812.ch37.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNon-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseHepatic insulin resistanceFatty liver diseaseInsulin resistanceLiver diseaseDevelopment of NAFLDLipid-induced muscle insulin resistanceRandle glucose-fatty acid cycleCommon chronic liver diseaseType 2 diabetes mellitusHyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp studiesGlucose-fatty acid cycleLiver-related deathSkeletal muscleChronic liver diseaseNon-alcoholic steatohepatitisMajor risk factorLipid-induced hepatic insulin resistanceMuscle insulin resistanceDiabetes mellitusRisk factorsClamp studiesLipoprotein lipaseDiseaseProtein kinase C
2004
Impaired Mitochondrial Activity in the Insulin-Resistant Offspring of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Petersen KF, Dufour S, Befroy D, Garcia R, Shulman GI. Impaired Mitochondrial Activity in the Insulin-Resistant Offspring of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal Of Medicine 2004, 350: 664-671. PMID: 14960743, PMCID: PMC2995502, DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa031314.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdenosine TriphosphateAdipose TissueBlood GlucoseDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Fatty AcidsFemaleGlucoseGlucose Clamp TechniqueGlucose Tolerance TestGlycerolHumansInsulinInsulin ResistanceLipolysisMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyMaleMitochondriaMuscle, SkeletalOxidative PhosphorylationTriglyceridesConceptsInsulin-resistant offspringType 2 diabetesIntramyocellular lipid contentInsulin-sensitive control subjectsMagnetic resonance spectroscopy studyInsulin resistanceControl subjectsProton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studyHyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp studiesTumor necrosis factor alphaImpaired mitochondrial activityIntrahepatic triglyceride contentDevelopment of diabetesChildren of patientsInsulin-resistant subjectsNecrosis factor alphaSensitivity of liverInsulin-stimulated ratesFatty acid metabolismMitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation activityInterleukin-6Intramyocellular lipidsPlasma concentrationsFactor alphaClamp studies
1994
Progesterone administration induced impairment of insulin suppression of hepatic glucose production
Nelson T, Shulman G, Grainger D, Diamond M. Progesterone administration induced impairment of insulin suppression of hepatic glucose production. Fertility And Sterility 1994, 62: 491-496. PMID: 8062943, DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56936-2.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1993
Inhibitory Effect of Pregnancy on Counterregulatory Hormone Responses to Hypoglycemia in Awake Rat
Rossi G, Lapaczewski P, Diamond M, Jacob R, Shulman G, Sherwin R. Inhibitory Effect of Pregnancy on Counterregulatory Hormone Responses to Hypoglycemia in Awake Rat. Diabetes 1993, 42: 1440-1445. PMID: 8375583, DOI: 10.2337/diab.42.10.1440.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPregnant ratsGlucagon responseNonpregnant controlsAwake pregnant ratsCounterregulatory hormone responsesIntensive insulin treatmentRelease of epinephrineHypoglycemia risk factorsHypoglycemic clamp studiesDiabetic pregnanciesGlucose counterregulationMaternal hypoglycemiaHypoglycemic stimulusEpinephrine releaseEpinephrine levelsMild hypoglycemiaBrisk responseNonfasting stateRisk factorsAwake ratsInsulin treatmentKetone levelsClamp studiesGlucose levelsNonfasted state
1990
Quantitation of Muscle Glycogen Synthesis in Normal Subjects and Subjects with Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes by 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Shulman G, Rothman D, Jue T, Stein P, DeFronzo R, Shulman R. Quantitation of Muscle Glycogen Synthesis in Normal Subjects and Subjects with Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes by 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. New England Journal Of Medicine 1990, 322: 223-228. PMID: 2403659, DOI: 10.1056/nejm199001253220403.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMuscle glycogen synthesisNonoxidative glucose metabolismDiabetic subjectsNormal subjectsGlucose metabolismMuscle glycogenGlycogen synthesisHyperglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp studiesTotal body glucose uptakeWeight-matched healthy subjectsNon-insulin dependent diabetesSteady-state plasma concentrationsGlucose uptakeMean glucose uptakeDependent diabetes mellitusDiabetes mellitusInsulin resistanceGlucose disposalPlasma concentrationsHealthy subjectsStudy groupClamp studiesGastrocnemius muscleInsulin actionMean rate
1985
Metabolic Response to Three Years of Continuous, Basal Rate Intravenous Insulin Infusion in Type II Diabetic Patients*
BLACKSHEAR P, SHULMAN G, ROUSSELL A, NATHAN D, MINAKER K, ROWE J, ROBBINS D, COHEN A. Metabolic Response to Three Years of Continuous, Basal Rate Intravenous Insulin Infusion in Type II Diabetic Patients*. The Journal Of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 1985, 61: 753-760. PMID: 3897260, DOI: 10.1210/jcem-61-4-753.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsType II diabetic patientsII diabetic patientsInsulin clamp studiesDiabetic patientsInsulin infusionClamp studiesObese type II diabetic patientsEuglycemic insulin clamp studiesInfusion pumpVitreous fluorescein concentrationHemoglobin A1c levelsMonths of treatmentGlucose disposal rateIntravenous insulin infusionNormal glycemic controlSerum triglyceride concentrationBlood glucose levelsInfusion of insulinImplantable infusion pumpInsulin infusion pumpA1c levelsGlycemic controlSignificant hypoglycemiaImmunoreactive insulinPlasma glucose