2021
Dopamine D2/3 receptor availability in cocaine use disorder individuals with obesity as measured by [11C]PHNO PET
Matuskey D, Angarita GA, Worhunsky P, Koohsari S, Gravel P, Pittman B, Gaiser EC, Gallezot JD, Nabulsi N, Huang Y, Carson RE, Potenza MN, Malison RT. Dopamine D2/3 receptor availability in cocaine use disorder individuals with obesity as measured by [11C]PHNO PET. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 2021, 220: 108514. PMID: 33454626, PMCID: PMC7889720, DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108514.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2020
Dopaminergic Plasticity in the Bilateral Hippocampus Following Threat Reversal in Humans
Lissemore J, Nagano-Saito A, Smart K, Gravel P, Leyton M, Benkelfat C. Dopaminergic Plasticity in the Bilateral Hippocampus Following Threat Reversal in Humans. Scientific Reports 2020, 10: 7627. PMID: 32376865, PMCID: PMC7203150, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63977-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPositron emission tomographyBilateral anterior hippocampusThreat reversalDopamine D2/3 receptor availabilityGreater dopamine releaseD2/3 receptor availabilityStress-related disordersClear clinical relevanceDopaminergic plasticityDopaminergic neurotransmissionHigh-resolution positron emission tomographyBilateral hippocampusDopamine releaseHealthy volunteersNeurochemical mechanismsHealthy humansPET scansClinical relevanceReceptor availabilityModerate evidenceAnterior hippocampusEmission tomographyFirst preliminary evidenceHippocampusDiminished ability
2018
Brain serotonin synthesis capacity in obsessive-compulsive disorder: effects of cognitive behavioral therapy and sertraline
Lissemore J, Sookman D, Gravel P, Berney A, Barsoum A, Diksic M, Nordahl T, Pinard G, Sibon I, Cottraux J, Leyton M, Benkelfat C. Brain serotonin synthesis capacity in obsessive-compulsive disorder: effects of cognitive behavioral therapy and sertraline. Translational Psychiatry 2018, 8: 82. PMID: 29666372, PMCID: PMC5904107, DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0128-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSerotonin synthesis capacitySelective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsCognitive behavioral therapyObsessive-compulsive disorderPartial respondersTreatment modalitiesMedication-free OCD patientsBehavioral therapyOCD patientsSerotonin reuptake inhibitorsWeeks of treatmentRegional tracer uptakePost-treatment changesPositron emission tomographySynthesis capacityClinical improvementSSRI treatmentReuptake inhibitorsSertraline treatmentSymptom improvementRaphe nucleusNeurochemical changesSerotonergic toneSymptom responseEffective treatment
2017
Altered Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Idiopathic Hypersomnia
Boucetta S, Montplaisir J, Zadra A, Lachapelle F, Soucy J, Gravel P, Dang-Vu T. Altered Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Idiopathic Hypersomnia. Sleep 2017, 40: zsx140. PMID: 28958044, DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsx140.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRegional cerebral blood flowCerebral blood flowIdiopathic hypersomniaBlood flowMedial prefrontal cortexSingle photon emissionDaytime sleepinessAltered regional cerebral blood flowRegional cerebral blood flow distributionRegional cerebral blood flow changesCerebral blood flow decreasesRegional cerebral blood flow decreasesCerebral blood flow distributionPrefrontal cortexCerebral blood flow changesBlood flow decreaseBrain perfusion patternsExcessive daytime sleepinessEye movement sleepBlood flow changesBlood flow distributionTemporo-occipital cortexAcute sleep deprivationPhoton emissionPosterior cingulate cortexPosterior dopamine D2/3 receptors and brain network functional connectivity
Nagano‐Saito A, Lissemore J, Gravel P, Leyton M, Carbonell F, Benkelfat C. Posterior dopamine D2/3 receptors and brain network functional connectivity. Synapse 2017, 71 PMID: 28700819, DOI: 10.1002/syn.21993.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDefault mode networkNetwork functional connectivityFunctional connectivity strengthPositron emission tomographyFunctional connectivityPosterior portionReceptor distributionPosteromedial cortexResting-state functional magnetic resonance imagingConnectivity strengthBrain network functional connectivityPosterior default mode networkMode networkDopamine D2/3 receptorsDopamine receptor distributionResting-state connectivityBrain networksFunctional magnetic resonance imagingMagnetic resonance imagingMultiple brain networksFallypride bindingDorsal attention networkMean BPBrain dopamineD2/3 receptors
2016
Cocaine cue–induced dopamine release in the human prefrontal cortex
Milella M, Fotros A, Gravel P, Casey K, Larcher K, Verhaeghe J, Cox S, Reader A, Dagher A, Benkelfat C, Leyton M. Cocaine cue–induced dopamine release in the human prefrontal cortex. Journal Of Psychiatry And Neuroscience 2016, 41: 322-330. PMID: 26900792, PMCID: PMC5008921, DOI: 10.1503/jpn.150207.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultBenzamidesBrain MappingCocaineCocaine-Related DisordersCorpus StriatumCravingCuesDopamineDopamine D2 Receptor AntagonistsDopamine Uptake InhibitorsFemaleFluorine RadioisotopesHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsPositron-Emission TomographyPrefrontal CortexRadiopharmaceuticalsConceptsDA releaseMedial orbitofrontal cortexPrefrontal cortexDrug-related cuesDopamine releaseHuman prefrontal cortexOrbitofrontal cortexCortical DA releasePresence of autoreceptorsDA cell bodiesD2 receptor levelsD2/3 receptor availabilityCurrent cocaine dependencePositron emission tomographyCocaine use disorderDorsolateral prefrontal cortexSelf-reported cravingStriatal changesHigh-resolution positron emission tomographyReceptor levelsSeparate regulatory mechanismsStriatal regionsDA responseUse disordersReceptor availability
2014
Brain serotonin synthesis in MDMA (ecstasy) polydrug users: an alpha‐[11C]methyl‐l‐tryptophan study
Booij L, Soucy J, Young S, Regoli M, Gravel P, Diksic M, Leyton M, Pihl R, Benkelfat C. Brain serotonin synthesis in MDMA (ecstasy) polydrug users: an alpha‐[11C]methyl‐l‐tryptophan study. Journal Of Neurochemistry 2014, 131: 634-644. PMID: 25041501, DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12826.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMDMA polydrug usersMDMA usePolydrug usersLong-term neurotoxic effectsBrain serotonin synthesisSerotonin synthesis capacityDistal brain regionsNeurotoxicity of MDMAPositron emission tomographySynthesis capacityTracer alphaSerotonin synthesisNeurotoxic effectsPre-frontal regionsTemporal areaBrain regionsEmission tomographyCompensatory mechanismsTryptophan studiesParietal regionsMethylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) useLonger durationBrainstemMDMA users
2013
Stress‐induced dopamine release in human medial prefrontal cortex—18F‐Fallypride/PET study in healthy volunteers
Nagano‐Saito A, Dagher A, Booij L, Gravel P, Welfeld K, Casey K, Leyton M, Benkelfat C. Stress‐induced dopamine release in human medial prefrontal cortex—18F‐Fallypride/PET study in healthy volunteers. Synapse 2013, 67: 821-830. PMID: 23939822, DOI: 10.1002/syn.21700.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsStress-induced dopamine releaseDopamine releaseHeart ratePsychological stressorsMesocortical dopamine releaseHealthy young adultsSalivary cortisol levelsStress-induced increaseMedial prefrontal cortexPositron emission tomographyMesocortical dopamine systemStress-induced decreasePresent studyTissue compartmental modelMotor zoneHealthy volunteersRostal partDopamine systemCortisol levelsWhole brainBP NDDorsal partSeparate daysEmission tomographyPET studiesCocaine Cue-Induced Dopamine Release in Amygdala and Hippocampus: A High-Resolution PET [18F]Fallypride Study in Cocaine Dependent Participants
Fotros A, Casey K, Larcher K, Verhaeghe J, Cox S, Gravel P, Reader A, Dagher A, Benkelfat C, Leyton M. Cocaine Cue-Induced Dopamine Release in Amygdala and Hippocampus: A High-Resolution PET [18F]Fallypride Study in Cocaine Dependent Participants. Neuropsychopharmacology 2013, 38: 1780-1788. PMID: 23546387, PMCID: PMC3717549, DOI: 10.1038/npp.2013.77.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDA releaseDopamine releaseVisual analog scaleDrug cue exposureCocaine-dependent volunteersDrug-seeking behaviorCocaine-dependent participantsAnalog scaleDrug-related cuesLimbic networkAnimal studiesCocaine dependenceHippocampusCue exposureAmygdalaPreferential inductionBPND valuesPotent triggerStriatumDependent participantsCocaine cuesReward networkSubjective responsesNeutral cuesFirst evidenceGrey matter density and GABAA binding potential show a positive linear relationship across cortical regions
Duncan N, Gravel P, Wiebking C, Reader A, Northoff G. Grey matter density and GABAA binding potential show a positive linear relationship across cortical regions. Neuroscience 2013, 235: 226-231. PMID: 23380503, DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.12.075.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2012
External awareness and GABA—A multimodal imaging study combining fMRI and [18F]flumazenil‐PET
Wiebking C, Duncan N, Qin P, Hayes D, Lyttelton O, Gravel P, Verhaeghe J, Kostikov A, Schirrmacher R, Reader A, Bajbouj M, Northoff G. External awareness and GABA—A multimodal imaging study combining fMRI and [18F]flumazenil‐PET. Human Brain Mapping 2012, 35: 173-184. PMID: 22996793, PMCID: PMC6869063, DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22166.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNeuronal activity changesInhibitory neurotransmitter GABANegative BOLD responseFunctional magnetic resonance imaging paradigmCortical midline regionsSame healthy subjectsGABAA receptorsHealthy subjectsNeurotransmitter GABAPsychiatric disordersBiochemical mechanismsPET imagingExtrinsic systemMidline regionBOLD responseExternal awarenessNeuronal networksUnderlying neuronal networksImaging paradigmGABAActivity changesStimulus typeSame paradigmAwarenessPrecuneusPerinatal effects on in vivo measures of human brain serotonin synthesis in adulthood: A 27-year longitudinal study
Booij L, Benkelfat C, Leyton M, Vitaro F, Gravel P, Lévesque M, Arseneault L, Diksic M, Tremblay R. Perinatal effects on in vivo measures of human brain serotonin synthesis in adulthood: A 27-year longitudinal study. European Neuropsychopharmacology 2012, 22: 419-423. PMID: 22257439, DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2011.11.002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMedial orbitofrontal cortexOrbitofrontal cortexSerotonin neurotransmissionPerinatal adversityPositron emission tomography scanEarly postnatal stressorsLow birth weightEmission tomography scanBrain serotonin neurotransmissionBrain serotonin synthesisSerotonin synthesis capacityStudies reporting associationLongitudinal studyMental health problemsEffects of childhoodLife-long impactTracer alphaMaternal smokingPerinatal effectsBirth complicationsBirth weightRisk factorsTomography scanSerotonin pathwaySerotonin synthesis
2011
Tryptophan hydroxylase2 gene polymorphisms predict brain serotonin synthesis in the orbitofrontal cortex in humans
Booij L, Turecki G, Leyton M, Gravel P, Lopez De Lara C, Diksic M, Benkelfat C. Tryptophan hydroxylase2 gene polymorphisms predict brain serotonin synthesis in the orbitofrontal cortex in humans. Molecular Psychiatry 2011, 17: 809-817. PMID: 21747395, DOI: 10.1038/mp.2011.79.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPositron emission tomographySerotonin synthesisTryptophan hydroxylase 2Orbitofrontal cortexRate-limiting enzymeSingle nucleotide polymorphismsL-tryptophan trappingRegional serotonin synthesisBrain serotonin synthesisTPH2 single nucleotide polymorphismsDose-effect relationshipBrain clearanceHealthy controlsGene polymorphismsAggressive behavioral phenotypeEmission tomographyHydroxylase 2TPH2 geneGenetic factorsCortexBehavioral phenotypesPolymorphismPatientsHumansLarge sampleBrain Regionalα-[11C]Methyl-L-Tryptophan Trapping in Medication-Free Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Berney A, Leyton M, Gravel P, Sibon I, Sookman D, Neto P, Diksic M, Nakai A, Pinard G, Todorov C, Okazawa H, Blier P, Nordahl T, Benkelfat C. Brain Regionalα-[11C]Methyl-L-Tryptophan Trapping in Medication-Free Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. JAMA Psychiatry 2011, 68: 732-741. PMID: 21383250, PMCID: PMC3677917, DOI: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.16.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsL-tryptophan trappingObsessive-compulsive disorderMedication-free patientsHealthy controlsMcGill University Health CentreGlucose metabolic disturbancesAdults meeting criteriaMain outcome measuresUniversity Health CentrePositron emission tomographyDepartment of PsychiatryStatistical parametric mappingTemporal lobe activityMontreal Neurological InstituteSerotonergic componentReuptake inhibitorsSerotonin dysfunctionClinical efficacySerotonergic abnormalitiesMetabolic disturbancesPostsynaptic changesSymptomatic stateSerotonergic systemHealth centersOutcome measures
2010
Brain Serotonin Synthesis in Adult Males Characterized by Physical Aggression during Childhood: A 21-Year Longitudinal Study
Booij L, Tremblay R, Leyton M, Séguin J, Vitaro F, Gravel P, Perreau-Linck E, Lévesque M, Durand F, Diksic M, Turecki G, Benkelfat C. Brain Serotonin Synthesis in Adult Males Characterized by Physical Aggression during Childhood: A 21-Year Longitudinal Study. PLOS ONE 2010, 5: e11255. PMID: 20582306, PMCID: PMC2889822, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011255.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPhysical aggressionLongitudinal studyHigher physical aggressionLow serotonin neurotransmissionImpulsive aggressive behaviorSubstance abuse disordersEmotional intelligenceComputerized measuresVulnerability traitsVulnerability factorsOrbitofrontal cortexEnvironmental supportGroup differencesAggressionAbuse disordersAggressive behaviorTracer alphaMultiple indicesPlasma tryptophan levelsBrain serotonin synthesisLow trappingPositron emission tomographyCurrent behaviorSerotonin neurotransmissionImpulsivity
2008
Decreased [18F]MPPF Binding Potential in the Dorsal Raphe Nucleus After a Single Oral Dose of Fluoxetine: A Positron-Emission Tomography Study in Healthy Volunteers
Sibon I, Benkelfat C, Gravel P, Aznavour N, Costes N, Mzengeza S, Booij L, Baker G, Soucy J, Zimmer L, Descarries L. Decreased [18F]MPPF Binding Potential in the Dorsal Raphe Nucleus After a Single Oral Dose of Fluoxetine: A Positron-Emission Tomography Study in Healthy Volunteers. Biological Psychiatry 2008, 63: 1135-1140. PMID: 18191817, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.11.016.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdministration, OralAdultAntidepressive Agents, Second-GenerationAutoreceptorsBrainDouble-Blind MethodFluorine RadioisotopesFluoxetineHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMagnetic Resonance ImagingMalePiperazinesPositron-Emission TomographyPyridinesRaphe NucleiReceptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1AReference Values
2007
In vivo measurements of brain trapping of C-labelled alpha-methyl-L-tryptophan during acute changes in mood states.
Perreau-Linck E, Beauregard M, Gravel P, Paquette V, Soucy J, Diksic M, Benkelfat C. In vivo measurements of brain trapping of C-labelled alpha-methyl-L-tryptophan during acute changes in mood states. Journal Of Psychiatry And Neuroscience 2007, 32: 430-4. PMID: 18043767, PMCID: PMC2077345.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPositron emission tomographyBrain trappingEmotional statesRight anterior cingulate cortexNeutral emotional stateNeurobiology of emotionAnterior cingulate cortexWhole-brain analysisSubjects repeated-measures designState-related changesAcute changesL-tryptophanAutobiographical memoryRepeated-measures designHealthy peopleCingulate cortexBrain Imaging CenterEmission tomographyMood statesMcConnell Brain Imaging CentreBrain analysisNormal moodExperienced levelScan acquisitionSustained changes
2006
Acute prefrontal cortex TMS in healthy volunteers: Effects on brain 11C-αMtrp trapping
Sibon I, Strafella A, Gravel P, Ko J, Booij L, Soucy J, Leyton M, Diksic M, Benkelfat C. Acute prefrontal cortex TMS in healthy volunteers: Effects on brain 11C-αMtrp trapping. NeuroImage 2006, 34: 1658-1664. PMID: 17188517, DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.08.059.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulationLeft dorsolateral prefrontal cortexAcute repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulationLeft occipital cortexHealthy volunteersLimbic areasMajor depressionHigh-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulationHz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulationPrefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulationRight cingulate gyrusSerotonin synthesis capacityTranscranial magnetic stimulationAutonomic measuresLeft parahippocampal gyrusDorsolateral prefrontal cortexMechanism of actionRTMS sessionsBrain uptakeRandomized counterbalanced orderCingulate gyrusRight insulaOccipital cortexMagnetic stimulationParahippocampal gyrus
2005
α-[11C]Methyl-l-tryptophan trapping in the orbital and ventral medial prefrontal cortex of suicide attempters
Leyton M, Paquette V, Gravel P, Rosa-Neto P, Weston F, Diksic M, Benkelfat C. α-[11C]Methyl-l-tryptophan trapping in the orbital and ventral medial prefrontal cortex of suicide attempters. European Neuropsychopharmacology 2005, 16: 220-223. PMID: 16269239, DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2005.09.006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsL-tryptophan trappingPrefrontal cortexHealthy controlsSerotonin synthesisSuicidal behaviorSuicide attemptersRegional serotonin synthesisHigh-lethality suicide attemptsVentral medial prefrontal cortexLow serotonin neurotransmissionMedial prefrontal cortexSerotonin neurotransmissionVentromedial prefrontal cortexSuicide attemptsSuicide intentCortexAlphaAttemptersPatientsNeurotransmission