2023
Antibiotic-induced microbial depletion enhances murine small intestinal epithelial growth in a serotonin-dependent manner
Salvi P, Shaughnessy M, Sumigray K, Cowles R. Antibiotic-induced microbial depletion enhances murine small intestinal epithelial growth in a serotonin-dependent manner. AJP Gastrointestinal And Liver Physiology 2023, 325: g80-g91. PMID: 37158470, DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00113.2022.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSerotonin activitySERT protein expressionSerotonin potentiationEpithelial proliferationSerotonin transporterEndogenous serotoninVillus heightMicrobial depletionIntestinal epithelial growthProtein expressionEpithelial growthSerotonin-dependent mechanismIntestinal villus heightSmall intestine resultsIntestinal surface areaSmall intestinal villiSmall intestinal cryptsIntestinal pathologyPara-chlorophenylalanineISC numbersSerotonin synthesisIntestinal homeostasisEpithelial expressionMouse modelAnimal models
2022
Jejunoileal mucosal growth in mice with a limited microbiome
Shaughnessy MP, Park CJ, Salvi PS, Cowles RA. Jejunoileal mucosal growth in mice with a limited microbiome. PLOS ONE 2022, 17: e0266251. PMID: 35349599, PMCID: PMC8963542, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266251.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntestinal mucosal growthMucosal surface areaSmall intestinal mucosal growthCrypt proliferation indexCONV miceGF miceMucosal growthVillus heightEnteral antibioticsCrypt depthCell proportionSmall intestinal villus heightGerm-free miceBroad-spectrum antibioticsConventional floraIntestinal villus heightGerm-free conditionsEnteral administrationMucosal homeostasisGnotobiotic miceProliferation indexEnterocyte proliferationMiceTaller villiGF conditions
2019
Potentiated serotonin signaling in serotonin re‐uptake transporter knockout mice increases enterocyte mass and small intestinal absorptive function
Greig CJ, Zhang L, Cowles RA. Potentiated serotonin signaling in serotonin re‐uptake transporter knockout mice increases enterocyte mass and small intestinal absorptive function. Physiological Reports 2019, 7: e14278. PMID: 31724827, PMCID: PMC6854605, DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14278.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntestinal absorptive functionEnterocyte massCrypt proliferation indexSmall intestineAbsorptive functionDistal bowelSmall bowelCrypt depthSERT knockoutVillus heightProliferative parametersSmall intestinal absorptive functionPlasma citrulline levelsCrypt cell proliferationPeptide absorptionSignificant increaseMucosal surface areaAttractive therapeutic targetFunctional intestinal mucosaWT miceCitrulline levelsPlasma citrullineSerotonin systemIntestinal mucosaLuminal instillationSerum Citrulline Levels Exhibit Circadian Variation and Fluctuations in Relation to Food Intake in Mice
Park CJ, Shaughnessy MP, Armenia SJ, Cowles RA. Serum Citrulline Levels Exhibit Circadian Variation and Fluctuations in Relation to Food Intake in Mice. Gastroenterology Research 2019, 12: 88-92. PMID: 31019618, PMCID: PMC6469904, DOI: 10.14740/gr1146.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSerum citrulline levelsCitrulline levelsFood intakeSmall intestineCircadian variationFunctional intestinal massSmall bowel massPlasma citrulline levelsUse Committee guidelinesBowel massEnteral autonomySerum citrullineIntestinal failureEnterocyte massC57BL/6 micePrognostic valueFed micePlasma citrullineBlood drawIntestinal massNonessential amino acidsInstitutional Animal CareSimple biomarkerAnimal modelsVillus heightPotentiation of serotonin signaling leads to increased carbohydrate and lipid absorption in the murine small intestine
Park CJ, Armenia SJ, Shaughnessy MP, Greig CJ, Cowles RA. Potentiation of serotonin signaling leads to increased carbohydrate and lipid absorption in the murine small intestine. Journal Of Pediatric Surgery 2019, 54: 1245-1249. PMID: 30879746, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2019.02.027.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPotentiation of serotoninSmall intestineMucosal growthLipid absorptionSmall intestinal mucosal growthMucosal growth factorsSerotonin reuptake transporterSERT knockout miceDistal small intestineIntestinal mucosal growthCrypt cell proliferationT-testMucosal surface areaMurine small intestineStudent's t-testEnteric serotoninIntestinal failureIntestinal adaptationReuptake transporterDeficient miceWT animalsIntestinal homeostasisFatty acid analogueCrypt depthVillus heightOrally Dosed Citalopram Stimulates Small Intestinal Mucosal Growth
Zhang L, Greig CJ, Cowles RA. Orally Dosed Citalopram Stimulates Small Intestinal Mucosal Growth. Journal Of Surgical Research 2019, 236: 326-331. PMID: 30694773, DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.11.033.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMucosal surface areaSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsSerotonin reuptake inhibitorsIntestinal mucosal growthVillus heightVillus widthD citalopramReuptake inhibitorsMucosal growthCrypt depthCrypt widthSmall intestinal mucosal growthShort bowel syndromeT-testSerious intestinal disordersStudent's t-testOral agentsBowel syndromeOral therapyEnteral administrationC57BL/6 miceIleal segmentIntestinal disordersDay 21Day 7
2018
Mucosal homeostasis is altered in the ileum of gnotobiotic mice
Greig CJ, Alper A, Goodman AL, Cowles RA. Mucosal homeostasis is altered in the ileum of gnotobiotic mice. Journal Of Surgical Research 2018, 231: 331-337. PMID: 30278949, DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.05.055.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGnotobiotic miceMucosal homeostasisGastrointestinal tractCrypt depthVillus heightDistal ileal segmentConventional floraFuture therapeutic strategiesGnotobiotic mouse modelMarkers of proliferationIleal segmentMucosal restorationAkkermansia muciniphilaMouse modelTherapeutic strategiesAdult miceCF miceDisease pathogenesisHistologic sectionsMiceEscherichia coli MG1655IleumNormal physiologyGnotobiotic groupFurther studies
2017
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors participate in small intestinal mucosal homeostasis
Greig CJ, Cowles RA. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors participate in small intestinal mucosal homeostasis. Journal Of Pediatric Surgery 2017, 52: 1031-1034. PMID: 28359586, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2017.03.037.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCrypt proliferation indexIntestinal mucosal homeostasisMuscarinic acetylcholine receptorsMucosal homeostasisIleal mucosaAcetylcholine receptorsDistal ileal segmentCholinergic nervous systemWild-type miceCrypt cell proliferationCrypt base stem cellsFunctional mucosaMAChR subtypesMuscarinic signalingIleal segmentCrypt depthProliferation indexNervous systemVillus heightMucosal morphometryMucosaHistologic sectionsMiceMouse linesEpithelial cell typesImproved capacity to evaluate changes in intestinal mucosal surface area using mathematical modeling
Greig CJ, Cowles RA. Improved capacity to evaluate changes in intestinal mucosal surface area using mathematical modeling. Microscopy Research And Technique 2017, 80: 793-798. PMID: 28295852, DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22866.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMucosal surface areaIntestinal mucosal surface areaVillus heightCrypt widthMucosal growthSelective serotonin reuptakeIntestinal mucosal growthEffects of interventionsFunctional intestinal mucosaEnhanced serotoninBowel diameterSerotonin reuptakeIntestinal mucosaMouse modelIleal sectionsTransporter moleculesMorphometric measuresComprehensive assessmentSSRIsMorphometric parametersMucosaSerotoninStandard measuresTherapyReuptake