2022
Insulin increases placental triglyceride as a potential mechanism for fetal adiposity in maternal obesity
Anam AK, Cooke KM, Dratver MB, O'Bryan JV, Perley LE, Guller SM, Hwang JJ, Taylor HS, Goedeke L, Kliman HJ, Vatner DF, Flannery CA. Insulin increases placental triglyceride as a potential mechanism for fetal adiposity in maternal obesity. Molecular Metabolism 2022, 64: 101574. PMID: 35970449, PMCID: PMC9440306, DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101574.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDe novo lipogenesisFetal adiposityFatty acid uptakeMaternal obesityObese womenNormal weightExcess adiposityVillous explantsInsulin receptorNewborns of mothersNormal-weight womenAcid uptakePlacental villous explantsTranscription factor SREBP-1Insulin-like growth factor 2Effect of insulinFatty acid oxidationPlacental triglyceridesPlacental responsesElevated triglyceridesMaternal hyperglycemiaWeight womenGrowth factor 2Diabetes riskPlacental metabolism
2020
Characterizing the Effects of Diabetes and Obesity on Insulin and Leptin Levels amongst Pregnant Women
Johnson AW, Snegovskikh D, Parikh L, DeAguiar RB, Han CS, Hwang JJ. Characterizing the Effects of Diabetes and Obesity on Insulin and Leptin Levels amongst Pregnant Women. American Journal Of Perinatology 2020, 37: 1094-1101. PMID: 32120424, DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1702988.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDiabetes mellitusLeptin levelsCerebrospinal fluidLean mothersPlasma ratioMaternal cerebrospinal fluidMaternal metabolic environmentElective cesarean deliveryImpact of obesityCord blood insulinEffect of diabetesLow cerebrospinal fluidUncomplicated singleton pregnanciesMaternal plasma ratioArtery plasmaDM mothersCesarean deliveryObese patientsSingleton pregnanciesFetal exposureBlood insulinLower cordPregnant womenMaternal brainLean individuals
2017
Blunted rise in brain glucose levels during hyperglycemia in adults with obesity and T2DM
Hwang JJ, Jiang L, Hamza M, Rangel E, Dai F, Belfort-DeAguiar R, Parikh L, Koo BB, Rothman DL, Mason G, Sherwin RS. Blunted rise in brain glucose levels during hyperglycemia in adults with obesity and T2DM. JCI Insight 2017, 2: e95913. PMID: 29046482, PMCID: PMC5846903, DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.95913.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGlucose levelsPlasma free fatty acid levelsSimilar plasma glucose levelsFree fatty acid levelsCerebral glucose metabolismPlasma glucose levelsBrain glucose levelsFatty acid levelsAltered feeding behaviorGlucose incrementHyperglycemic clampBrain glucoseCerebral functionLean participantsOccipital lobeRodent modelsGlucose metabolismObesityT2DMGlucose responseHyperglycemiaNeurocognitive consequencesSimilar findingsAcid levelsIntracerebral glucose
2015
Fructose Levels Are Markedly Elevated in Cerebrospinal Fluid Compared to Plasma in Pregnant Women
Hwang JJ, Johnson A, Cline G, Belfort-DeAguiar R, Snegovskikh D, Khokhar B, Han CS, Sherwin RS. Fructose Levels Are Markedly Elevated in Cerebrospinal Fluid Compared to Plasma in Pregnant Women. PLOS ONE 2015, 10: e0128582. PMID: 26035307, PMCID: PMC4452737, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128582.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCerebrospinal fluidPregnant womenSorbitol levelsCSF glucoseGlucose levelsCord blood glucoseVenous cord bloodElective cesarean sectionHuman brainBlood-brain barrierPlasma glucose levelsEffects of fructoseCesarean sectionSpinal anesthesiaPlasma levelsBlood glucoseCord bloodObservational studyDietary consumptionPlasma fructoseMaternal plasmaPolyol pathwayBrainDifferential effectsFructose levels