2023
Clinical implications of Peri-hematomal edema microperfusion fraction in intracerebral hemorrhage intravoxel incoherent motion imaging – A pilot study
Abou Karam G, Tharmaseelan H, Aboian M, Malhotra A, Gilmore E, Falcone G, de Havenon A, Sheth K, Payabvash S. Clinical implications of Peri-hematomal edema microperfusion fraction in intracerebral hemorrhage intravoxel incoherent motion imaging – A pilot study. Journal Of Stroke And Cerebrovascular Diseases 2023, 32: 107375. PMID: 37738914, PMCID: PMC10591892, DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107375.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsModified Rankin ScaleSecondary brain injuryIntracerebral hemorrhagePerihematomal edemaSubacute intracerebral hemorrhageIntravoxel incoherent motion imagingAdmission NIHSSBrain injuryMedian baseline National InstitutesPilot studyBaseline National InstitutesHealth Stroke ScalePerfusion fractionSupratentorial intracerebral hemorrhageIVIM metricsIncoherent motion imagingStroke ScaleNeuroprotective therapiesParenchymal injuryRankin ScaleRisk patientsConsecutive patientsUnivariable analysisPoor outcomeICH volumeDevelopment and validation of a novel score to predict brain death after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Kitlen E, Kim N, Rubenstein A, Keenan C, Garcia G, Khosla A, Johnson J, Miller P, Wira C, Greer D, Gilmore E, Beekman R. Development and validation of a novel score to predict brain death after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2023, 192: 109955. PMID: 37661012, DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2023.109955.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHospital cardiac arrestBrain deathCardiac arrestOptimal cutEtiology of arrestDeath risk scoreNon-shockable rhythmOperator characteristic curveHours of arrestCenter cohortIndependent predictorsSulcal effacementUnResponsiveness (FOUR) scoreValidation cohortDevelopment cohortMAIN OUTCOMEHigh riskRisk scoreAcademic centersNovel scoreOHCACohortInternal validationRadiology reportsCharacteristic curve
2019
Deviation From Personalized Blood Pressure Targets Is Associated With Worse Outcome After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Silverman A, Kodali S, Strander S, Gilmore EJ, Kimmel A, Wang A, Cord B, Falcone G, Hebert R, Matouk C, Sheth KN, Petersen NH. Deviation From Personalized Blood Pressure Targets Is Associated With Worse Outcome After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Stroke 2019, 50: 2729-2737. PMID: 31495332, PMCID: PMC6756936, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.119.026282.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLimits of autoregulationAneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhageSubarachnoid hemorrhageFunctional outcomeArterial pressureIntracranial pressureBP targetsWorse outcomesPercent timeBlood pressure targetsBlood pressure managementMean arterial pressureModified Rankin ScalePotential neuroprotective strategiesWorse functional outcomePoor functional outcomeCerebral blood flowMultivariate logistic regressionTotal monitoring periodAutoregulatory indexPressure targetsCerebral ischemiaNeuroprotective strategiesRankin ScaleCerebral autoregulationEarly Prognostication of 1-Year Outcome After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: The FRESH Score Validation
Witsch J, Kuohn L, Hebert R, Cord B, Sansing L, Gilmore EJ, Hwang DY, Petersen N, Falcone GJ, Matouk C, Sheth KN. Early Prognostication of 1-Year Outcome After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: The FRESH Score Validation. Journal Of Stroke And Cerebrovascular Diseases 2019, 28: 104280. PMID: 31326270, DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.06.038.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSpontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhageModified Rankin ScaleLong-term outcomesSubarachnoid hemorrhageUnfavorable outcomePercent of patientsExclusion of patientsStratification of patientsScore variablesAneurysmal etiologyBleeding sourceRankin ScaleFunctional outcomeMean ageEarly prognosticationPrognostication scoresStudy investigatorsHospital resourcesPatientsDisability partAneurysm coilingOutcomesHigh gradeCharacteristic curveHemorrhageDecreases in Blood Pressure During Thrombectomy Are Associated With Larger Infarct Volumes and Worse Functional Outcome
Petersen NH, Ortega-Gutierrez S, Wang A, Lopez GV, Strander S, Kodali S, Silverman A, Zheng-Lin B, Dandapat S, Sansing LH, Schindler JL, Falcone GJ, Gilmore EJ, Amin H, Cord B, Hebert RM, Matouk C, Sheth KN. Decreases in Blood Pressure During Thrombectomy Are Associated With Larger Infarct Volumes and Worse Functional Outcome. Stroke 2019, 50: 1797-1804. PMID: 31159701, PMCID: PMC6787912, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.118.024286.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFinal infarct volumeWorse functional outcomeInfarct volumeEndovascular thrombectomyFunctional outcomeOcclusion strokeCerebral infarction 2b/3 reperfusionPressure reductionLarge vessel intracranial occlusionsGreater infarct growthBlood pressure reductionComprehensive stroke centerPercent of patientsBlood pressure managementLarger infarct volumesModified Rankin ScaleRankin Scale scoreMultivariable logistic regressionRelative hypotensionSustained hypotensionInfarct progressionNinety patientsInfarct growthIschemic penumbraIschemic stroke
2017
Disruption of Brain–Heart Coupling in Sepsis
Admiraal MM, Gilmore EJ, Van Putten MJAM, Zaveri HP, Hirsch LJ, Gaspard N. Disruption of Brain–Heart Coupling in Sepsis. Journal Of Clinical Neurophysiology 2017, 34: 413-420. PMID: 28520632, DOI: 10.1097/wnp.0000000000000381.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFunctional Improvement Among Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) Survivors up to 12 Months Post-injury
Sreekrishnan A, Leasure AC, Shi FD, Hwang DY, Schindler JL, Petersen NH, Gilmore EJ, Kamel H, Sansing LH, Greer DM, Sheth KN. Functional Improvement Among Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) Survivors up to 12 Months Post-injury. Neurocritical Care 2017, 27: 326-333. PMID: 28685394, PMCID: PMC5700855, DOI: 10.1007/s12028-017-0425-4.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2015
Clinical Correlates and Prognostic Significance of Lateralized Periodic Discharges in Patients Without Acute or Progressive Brain Injury
Sainju RK, Manganas LN, Gilmore EJ, Petroff OA, Rampal N, Hirsch LJ, Gaspard N. Clinical Correlates and Prognostic Significance of Lateralized Periodic Discharges in Patients Without Acute or Progressive Brain Injury. Journal Of Clinical Neurophysiology 2015, 32: 495-500. PMID: 26200591, DOI: 10.1097/wnp.0000000000000206.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsProgressive brain injuryAcute brain injuryBrain injuryAbnormal consciousnessPeriodic dischargesClinical correlatesFunctional declineLateralized periodic dischargesRemote brain injuryOutcomes of patientsCase-control studyContinuous EEG monitoringHistory of epilepsyRadiologic evidenceHospital dischargeStatus epilepticusWorse prognosisAcute injuryPrognostic significanceWorse outcomesEEG monitoringMultivariate analysisInjuryPatientsLower likelihoodPrognostication of post-cardiac arrest coma: early clinical and electroencephalographic predictors of outcome
Sivaraju A, Gilmore EJ, Wira CR, Stevens A, Rampal N, Moeller JJ, Greer DM, Hirsch LJ, Gaspard N. Prognostication of post-cardiac arrest coma: early clinical and electroencephalographic predictors of outcome. Intensive Care Medicine 2015, 41: 1264-1272. PMID: 25940963, DOI: 10.1007/s00134-015-3834-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBetter outcomesPoor outcomeEpileptiform dischargesPost-cardiac arrest comatose patientsCritical care EEG terminologyPost-cardiac arrest comaMethodsProspective cohort studyContinuous EEG monitoringLow-voltage EEGPositive predictive valueAbsence of reactivityEEG terminologyCohort studySpontaneous circulationBrainstem reflexesClinical outcomesComatose patientsFalse positive ratePoor prognosisPrognostic significanceSuppression burstsClinical variablesClinical correlatesElectroencephalographic patternsElectroencephalographic predictorsAcute brain failure in severe sepsis: a prospective study in the medical intensive care unit utilizing continuous EEG monitoring
Gilmore EJ, Gaspard N, Choi HA, Cohen E, Burkart KM, Chong DH, Claassen J, Hirsch LJ. Acute brain failure in severe sepsis: a prospective study in the medical intensive care unit utilizing continuous EEG monitoring. Intensive Care Medicine 2015, 41: 686-694. PMID: 25763756, DOI: 10.1007/s00134-015-3709-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNonconvulsive seizuresSevere sepsisEEG reactivityPeriodic dischargesLate seizuresSOFA scoreAPACHE IIFunctional outcomeContinuous sedationHigh riskLower riskMedical intensive care unitLong-term cognitive outcomesPresence of sedationAPACHE II scoreGood functional outcomeNonconvulsive status epilepticusIntensive care unitContinuous EEG monitoringAcute brain failureAcademic medical centerNew epilepsyII scoreClinical seizuresMedical ICUTime Course and Predictors of Neurological Deterioration After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Lord AS, Gilmore E, Choi HA, Mayer SA. Time Course and Predictors of Neurological Deterioration After Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Stroke 2015, 46: 647-652. PMID: 25657190, PMCID: PMC4739782, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.114.007704.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNeurological deteriorationIntracerebral hemorrhage volumeHematoma expansionInterventricular hemorrhageIntracerebral hemorrhageHemorrhage volumeAdmission Glasgow Coma ScaleEarly neurological deteriorationLate neurological deteriorationAcute neurological deteriorationRetrospective cohort studyHours of symptomsGlasgow Coma ScaleIntracerebral hemorrhage trialsTime coursePlacebo patientsCerebral edemaDevastating complicationRankin scoreCohort studyComa ScaleMedical complicationsPoor outcomeTomographic scanClinical evaluation
2012
Impact of Prolonged Periodic Epileptiform Discharges on Coma Prognosis
Ong C, Gilmore E, Claassen J, Foreman B, Mayer SA. Impact of Prolonged Periodic Epileptiform Discharges on Coma Prognosis. Neurocritical Care 2012, 17: 39-44. PMID: 22700361, DOI: 10.1007/s12028-012-9728-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRecovery of consciousnessComatose patientsElectrographic seizuresCEEG monitoringEpileptiform dischargesAdmission Glasgow Coma Scale scoreGlasgow Coma Scale scoreHypoxic-ischemic encephalopathyGlasgow Outcome ScaleTime of dischargeContinuous EEG monitoringNumber of AEDsPeriodic epileptiform dischargesComa prognosisResultsMean ageMedian durationCommon diagnosisIntracerebral hemorrhageFocal hypermetabolismNeuro-ICUSubarachnoid hemorrhageFrequent findingOutcome ScaleClinical significanceLikelihood of survivalPearls & Oy-sters
Ko S, Choi HA, Gilmore E, Schmidt JM, Claassen J, Lee K, Mayer SA, Badjatia N. Pearls & Oy-sters. Neurology 2012, 78: e36-e38. PMID: 22311932, PMCID: PMC3280057, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e318245d270.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAcute Effects of Nimodipine on Cerebral Vasculature and Brain Metabolism in High Grade Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients
Choi HA, Ko SB, Chen H, Gilmore E, Carpenter AM, Lee D, Claassen J, Mayer SA, Schmidt JM, Lee K, Connelly ES, Paik M, Badjatia N. Acute Effects of Nimodipine on Cerebral Vasculature and Brain Metabolism in High Grade Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients. Neurocritical Care 2012, 16: 363-367. PMID: 22262041, DOI: 10.1007/s12028-012-9670-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPoor-grade subarachnoid hemorrhageOral nimodipineSubarachnoid hemorrhageMmHg decreasePoor-grade SAH patientsDoses of nimodipineAdministration of nimodipineAneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhageSubarachnoid hemorrhage patientsRoutine clinical careAcute PhysiologicAdequate CBFNimodipine administrationOnly medicationHemorrhage patientsMultimodality monitoringSAH patientsVasopressor medicationsBrain metabolismAcute effectsObservational studyMetabolic effectsCerebral vasculatureClinical careNimodipine
2011
Prevention of Shivering During Therapeutic Temperature Modulation: The Columbia Anti-Shivering Protocol
Choi HA, Ko SB, Presciutti M, Fernandez L, Carpenter AM, Lesch C, Gilmore E, Malhotra R, Mayer SA, Lee K, Claassen J, Schmidt JM, Badjatia N. Prevention of Shivering During Therapeutic Temperature Modulation: The Columbia Anti-Shivering Protocol. Neurocritical Care 2011, 14: 389-394. PMID: 21210305, DOI: 10.1007/s12028-010-9474-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdrenergic alpha-2 Receptor AgonistsAdultAgedAnticonvulsantsConscious SedationCritical CareDexmedetomidineDose-Response Relationship, DrugFemaleFeverGlasgow Coma ScaleHeart ArrestHumansHypothermia, InducedIntensive Care UnitsIntracranial HypertensionMagnesium SulfateMaleMeperidineMiddle AgedMonitoring, PhysiologicNarcoticsNeuromuscular Nondepolarizing AgentsPropofolProspective StudiesShiveringVecuronium BromideConceptsPatient daysNeurological intensive care unitAnti-shivering agentsTherapeutic temperature modulationTotal patient daysPrevention of shiveringDoses of propofolIntensive care unitBaseline demographic informationNew clinical problemsInduced normothermiaMethodsAll patientsYounger patientsCare unitCumulative doseHigh riskClinical problemPatientsTemperature modulating devicesMore interventionsShiveringBaseline interventionDemographic informationFirst agentYoung men
2009
Fatal Case of Deer Tick Virus Encephalitis
Tavakoli NP, Wang H, Dupuis M, Hull R, Ebel GD, Gilmore EJ, Faust PL. Fatal Case of Deer Tick Virus Encephalitis. New England Journal Of Medicine 2009, 360: 2099-2107. PMID: 19439744, PMCID: PMC2847876, DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa0806326.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDeer tick virusTick virusNumerous immunoreactive neuronsTickborne encephalitis virusMeningoencephalitis syndromeVirus encephalitisImmunoreactive neuronsLarge neuronsBasal gangliaBrain stemFatal casesFatal encephalitisSpinal cordNecrotizing MeningoencephalitisImmunohistochemical analysisPowassan virusProminent involvementEncephalitis virusTissue samplesVirusEncephalitisNeuronsMeningoencephalitisSurgeryThalamus