Pro-Opiomelanocortin Gene Variation Related to Alcohol or Drug Dependence: Evidence and Replications Across Family- and Population-based Studies
Zhang H, Kranzler HR, Weiss RD, Luo X, Brady KT, Anton RF, Farrer LA, Gelernter J. Pro-Opiomelanocortin Gene Variation Related to Alcohol or Drug Dependence: Evidence and Replications Across Family- and Population-based Studies. Biological Psychiatry 2009, 66: 128-136. PMID: 19217079, PMCID: PMC2896237, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.12.021.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOpioid dependencePro-opiomelanocortin geneCocaine dependenceOpioidergic neurotransmissionSubstance dependence