2024
HIV-1–infected T cell clones are shared across cerebrospinal fluid and blood during ART
Wang M, Yoon J, Reisert H, Das B, Orlinick B, Chiarella J, Halvas E, Mellors J, Pang A, Barakat L, Fikrig M, Cyktor J, Kluger Y, Spudich S, Corley M, Farhadian S. HIV-1–infected T cell clones are shared across cerebrospinal fluid and blood during ART. JCI Insight 2024, 9: e176208. PMID: 38587074, PMCID: PMC11128194, DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.176208.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsT cell clonesT cell receptorCerebrospinal fluidT cellsHIV-1Infected T-cell clonesCentral memory T cellsCD4 T-cell clonesDetectable HIV RNAMemory T cellsHIV-1 RNAInfected T cellsCNS reservoirsHIV persistenceHIV reservoirHIV RNAHIV cureReservoir cellsPWHTissue compartmentsBloodCNSUninfected controlsCD4Infected cells
2022
HIV viral transcription and immune perturbations in the CNS of people with HIV despite ART
Farhadian SF, Lindenbaum O, Zhao J, Corley MJ, Im Y, Walsh H, Vecchio A, Garcia-Milian R, Chiarella J, Chintanaphol M, Calvi R, Wang G, Ndhlovu LC, Yoon J, Trotta D, Ma S, Kluger Y, Spudich S. HIV viral transcription and immune perturbations in the CNS of people with HIV despite ART. JCI Insight 2022, 7: e160267. PMID: 35801589, PMCID: PMC9310520, DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.160267.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCerebrospinal fluidHIV infectionHIV-1-infected cellsCNS viral persistenceCentral memory CD4T-cell abnormalitiesHIV-1 RNAMicroglia-like cellsT cell activationSystemic viral suppressionAbnormal CD8HIV neuropathogenesisViral suppressionMemory CD4CNS reservoirsImmune perturbationsExperience elevated ratesNeuroimmune effectsPeripheral bloodNeurological impairmentViral persistenceT cellsCell abnormalitiesUninfected controlsCell activationHIV Compartmentalization in the CNS and Its Impact in Treatment Outcomes and Cure Strategies
Chan P, Spudich S. HIV Compartmentalization in the CNS and Its Impact in Treatment Outcomes and Cure Strategies. Current HIV/AIDS Reports 2022, 19: 207-216. PMID: 35536438, PMCID: PMC10590959, DOI: 10.1007/s11904-022-00605-1.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsHIV-1 escapeAntiretroviral therapyCentral nervous system reservoirHIV-1 infection resultsStable antiretroviral therapyCerebrospinal fluid findingsWorse neurocognitive performanceTreatment interruption studiesHIV compartmentalizationCNS reservoirsCure strategiesChronic infectionTreatment outcomesCells persistRecent FindingsComparedInfection resultsReviewThis reviewViral variantsViral replicationSummaryFuture studiesNeurocognitive performanceInterruption studiesSystemic reservoirInfected cellsLongitudinal benefits
2018
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA Detected in the Central Nervous System (CNS) After Years of Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy Can Originate from a Replicating CNS Reservoir or Clonally Expanded Cells
Joseph SB, Kincer LP, Bowman NM, Evans C, Vinikoor MJ, Lippincott CK, Gisslén M, Spudich S, Menezes P, Robertson K, Archin N, Kashuba A, Eron JJ, Price RW, Swanstrom R. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA Detected in the Central Nervous System (CNS) After Years of Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy Can Originate from a Replicating CNS Reservoir or Clonally Expanded Cells. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2018, 69: 1345-1352. PMID: 30561541, PMCID: PMC6938202, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciy1066.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCentral nervous systemHIV-1 RNA concentrationsAntiretroviral therapySuppressive antiretroviral therapyCerebrospinal fluidCNS reservoirsCSF escapeCSF HIV-1 RNA concentrationsCentral nervous system reservoirYears of ARTHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) populationHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNAStable antiretroviral therapyHIV-1 RNAMacrophages/microgliaInfected T cellsRNA concentrationViral envelope sequencesType 1 populationViral populationsViral suppressionMacrophage-tropicAsymptomatic participantsMultiple time pointsT cells
2015
CNS reservoirs for HIV: implications for eradication
Hellmuth J, Valcour V, Spudich S. CNS reservoirs for HIV: implications for eradication. Journal Of Virus Eradication 2015, 1: 67-71. PMID: 26430703, PMCID: PMC4586130, DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30489-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCROI 2015: Neurologic Complications of HIV Infection.
Spudich SS, Ances BM. CROI 2015: Neurologic Complications of HIV Infection. Topics In Antiviral Medicine 2015, 23: 47-55. PMID: 25965311, PMCID: PMC6148901.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCentral nervous systemModifiable risk factorsPathogenesis of HIVQuality of lifeBiomarkers of HANDResource-limited settingsNeurologic complicationsNeurologic presentationHIV infectionCNS reservoirsOpportunistic infectionsRisk factorsHIV epidemicCNS disordersCognitive dysfunctionNeurocognitive disordersHIVNervous systemInfectionDisordersCollaborative studyComplicationsDysfunctionPathogenesisDiagnosis