1999
Impact of Clozapine on Negative Symptoms and on the Deficit Syndrome in Refractory Schizophrenia
Rosenheck R, Dunn L, Peszke M, Cramer J, Xu W, Thomas J, Charney D, Schizophrenia T. Impact of Clozapine on Negative Symptoms and on the Deficit Syndrome in Refractory Schizophrenia. American Journal Of Psychiatry 1999, 156: 88-93. PMID: 9892302, DOI: 10.1176/ajp.156.1.88.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRefractory schizophreniaDeficit syndromeNegative symptomsPositive symptomsClozapine's effectVeterans Administration TrialEffects of clozapineImpact of clozapineNegative clinical symptomsProminent negative symptomsClozapine treatmentHospitalized patientsConventional medicationsClinical symptomsControl subjectsAdministration trialClinical subtypesAnalysis of covariancePatientsClozapineSyndromeSymptomsNegative syndromeSchizophreniaTime points
1997
A Comparison of Clozapine and Haloperidol in Hospitalized Patients with Refractory Schizophrenia
Rosenheck R, Cramer J, Xu W, Thomas J, Henderson W, Frisman L, Fye C, Charney D. A Comparison of Clozapine and Haloperidol in Hospitalized Patients with Refractory Schizophrenia. New England Journal Of Medicine 1997, 337: 809-815. PMID: 9295240, DOI: 10.1056/nejm199709183371202.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsClozapine groupExtrapyramidal side effectsHaloperidol groupRefractory schizophreniaSide effectsAntipsychotic drugsDouble-blind comparative studyVeterans Affairs Medical CenterMore outpatient servicesNegative Syndrome ScaleComparison of clozapineLower symptom levelsSimilar overall costsHospitalized patientsTreat analysisTardive dyskinesiaPsychiatric reasonsLower incidenceMedical CenterOutpatient servicesHospital usePatientsSyndrome ScaleClozapineHaloperidol