Kratom and Pain Tolerance: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Study.
Vicknasingam B, Chooi WT, Rahim AA, Ramachandram D, Singh D, Ramanathan S, Yusof NSM, Zainal H, Murugaiyah V, Gueorguieva R, Mansor SM, Chawarski MC. Kratom and Pain Tolerance: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Study. The Yale Journal Of Biology And Medicine 2020, 93: 229-238. PMID: 32607084, PMCID: PMC7309661.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAnalgesicsCross-Over StudiesDrug MonitoringFemaleHumansMalaysiaMaleMedicine, East Asian TraditionalMitragynaPain ManagementPain MeasurementPain ThresholdPlant ExtractsPlant LeavesTreatment OutcomeConceptsDouble-blind studyPain toleranceCold pressor taskConsumption of placeboSigns of withdrawalKratom consumptionTraditional medicine useKratom ingestionPain reliefPain onsetInpatient staySafety profileMedicine useWithdrawal symptomsPlacebo drinkHand withdrawalHealth statusVital signsKratom productsSelf-reported dataRandomized sequencePlaceboKratomSignificant increaseDecoction