2009
Streptococcal Upper Respiratory Tract Infections and Psychosocial Stress Predict Future Tic and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptom Severity in Children and Adolescents with Tourette Syndrome and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Lin H, Williams KA, Katsovich L, Findley DB, Grantz H, Lombroso PJ, King RA, Bessen DE, Johnson D, Kaplan EL, Landeros-Weisenberger A, Zhang H, Leckman JF. Streptococcal Upper Respiratory Tract Infections and Psychosocial Stress Predict Future Tic and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptom Severity in Children and Adolescents with Tourette Syndrome and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Biological Psychiatry 2009, 67: 684-691. PMID: 19833320, PMCID: PMC2843763, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.08.020.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAnti-Bacterial AgentsAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityChildDepressive DisorderFemaleForecastingHumansLife Change EventsMaleObsessive-Compulsive DisorderPredictive Value of TestsProspective StudiesPsychologyRespiratory Tract InfectionsSeverity of Illness IndexStreptococcal InfectionsTicsTourette SyndromeConceptsDepressive symptom severityObsessive-compulsive disorderGABHS infectionPsychosocial stressTourette syndromeSymptom severityControl subjectsStreptococcal upper respiratory tract infectionUpper respiratory tract infectionBeta-hemolytic streptococcal infectionCurrent psychosocial stressRespiratory tract infectionsHealthy control subjectsProspective longitudinal studyEarly-onset obsessive-compulsive disorderMinority of childrenOC symptom severityTract infectionsStreptococcal infectionGABHS infectionsObsessive-compulsive symptom severityClinical ratingsNew infectionsClinical ratersControl status
1991
Clonidine Treatment of Gilles de la Tourette's Syndrome
Leckman JF, Hardin MT, Riddle MA, Stevenson J, Ort SI, Cohen DJ. Clonidine Treatment of Gilles de la Tourette's Syndrome. JAMA Psychiatry 1991, 48: 324-328. PMID: 2009034, DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.1991.01810280040006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGilles de la Tourette's syndromeLa Tourette's syndromeClonidine treatmentTourette syndromeTic severityDouble-blind clinical trialMotor tic severityClinical trialsClonidine hydrochlorideBehavioral symptomsClinical ratingsSyndromeMagnitude of responseClonidineTreatmentParent-rated measuresSeveritySubjectsPlaceboVideotaped interviewGroupSymptomsCliniciansHyperactivityTrials