2010
Refractory ascites: pathogenesis, definition and therapy of a severe complication in patients with cirrhosis
Salerno F, Guevara M, Bernardi M, Moreau R, Wong F, Angeli P, Garcia‐Tsao G, Lee SS. Refractory ascites: pathogenesis, definition and therapy of a severe complication in patients with cirrhosis. Liver International 2010, 30: 937-947. PMID: 20492521, DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2010.02272.x.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsCirrhotic patientsHepatorenal syndrome type 2Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shuntEpisode of ascitesChronic renal insufficiencyLow sodium dietStandard medical treatmentIntrahepatic portosystemic shuntOccurrence of refractorinessCentral hypovolaemiaVasoconstrictor systemsArterial hypotensionDiuretic dosesLiver transplantationPortal hypertensionRefractory ascitesRenal insufficiencySodium dietSystemic haemodynamicsFrequent complicationSevere complicationsSerious complicationsSuch patientsPortosystemic shuntRenal sodium
2001
CLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF ASCITES AND ITS COMPLICATIONS
Wongcharatrawee S, Garcia-Tsao G. CLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF ASCITES AND ITS COMPLICATIONS. Clinics In Liver Disease 2001, 5: 833-850. PMID: 11565143, DOI: 10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70194-x.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsMeSH KeywordsAnti-Bacterial AgentsAscitesBacterial InfectionsDiet, Sodium-RestrictedDiureticsHepatorenal SyndromeHumansParacentesisPeritonitisPortasystemic Shunt, SurgicalConceptsEffective arterial blood volumeElimination of ascitesTherapy of ascitesPoor prognostic signYear mortality rateDevelopment of ascitesArterial blood volumeQuality of lifeSinusoidal hypertensionLiver transplantationCirrhotic patientsSurvival benefitLethal complicationPathophysiologic abnormalitiesPrognostic signSodium retentionCurrent therapiesAscites formationClinical managementAscitesBlood volumeMortality rateComplicationsTherapyHypertension
1995
Cirrhotic ascites: pathogenesis and management.
Garcia-Tsao G. Cirrhotic ascites: pathogenesis and management. The Gastroenterologist 1995, 3: 41-54. PMID: 7743121.BooksMeSH KeywordsAscitesDiet, Sodium-RestrictedDiureticsDrainageHumansLiver CirrhosisPeritoneovenous ShuntPortasystemic Shunt, SurgicalPuncturesVasoconstrictor AgentsVasodilator AgentsConceptsPathogenesis of ascitesComplications of cirrhosisNegative sodium balanceAccumulation of fluidSinusoidal hypertensionLiver transplantationSalt restrictionPortosystemic shuntingPeripheral vasoconstrictorNonsurgical sideIntravascular volumeCurrent therapiesIntraperitoneal fluidSodium balanceTherapeutic priorityTherapeutic measuresPeritoneal spacePeritoneal cavitySystemic circulationAscitesEfflux of fluidPatientsDiureticsPathogenesisFuture studies