2024
Faecal proteomics links neutrophil degranulation with mortality in patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis
Kreimeyer H, Gonzalez C, Fondevila M, Hsu C, Hartmann P, Zhang X, Stärkel P, Bosques-Padilla F, Verna E, Abraldes J, Brown R, Vargas V, Altamirano J, Caballería J, Shawcross D, Louvet A, Lucey M, Mathurin P, Garcia-Tsao G, Bataller R, Investigators A, Gonzalez D, Schnabl B. Faecal proteomics links neutrophil degranulation with mortality in patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis. Gut 2024, gutjnl-2024-332730. PMID: 39033024, DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2024-332730.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAlcohol-associated hepatitisShort-term survivalMulticentre cohortSeverity of ALDAlcohol-associated liver diseaseIndependent validation cohortInduce gut dysbiosisNon-invasive markerAlcohol-use disordersNeutrophil degranulationPrediction of short-term survivalPrognostic effectHepatic neutrophilsValidation cohortBacterial translocationNeutrophil granulesMPO levelsLiver diseaseFecal biomarkersTandem mass tagPatientsGut dysbiosisLiver damageDisease severityNeutrophils
2021
Obeticholic Acid Decreases Intestinal Content of Enterococcus in Rats With Cirrhosis and Ascites
Yan K, Hung A, Parmer C, Yang H, Jain D, Lim B, Goodman AL, Garcia‐Tsao G. Obeticholic Acid Decreases Intestinal Content of Enterococcus in Rats With Cirrhosis and Ascites. Hepatology Communications 2021, 5: 1507-1517. PMID: 34510838, PMCID: PMC8435275, DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1740.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHigher serum albuminBacterial translocationObeticholic acidEnd of studyAspartate aminotransferaseLymph nodesIntestinal microbiomeIntestinal contentsSemisynthetic bile acidMesenteric lymph nodesEnd of treatmentCarbon tetrachloride inhalationExtra-intestinal sitesLower aspartate aminotransferaseFurther decompensationLiver injuryLiver functionPolymerase chain reactionExperimental cirrhosisPathogenic bacteriaCirrhosisHepatocyte deathDay 1Bile acidsPlacebo
2018
Su1556 - In Experimental Cirrhosis with Ascites, Obeticholic Acid Reduces Bacterial Translocation to Extra-Intestinal Sites and has a Beneficial Intrahepatic Effect
Hung A, Yan K, Yang H, Jain D, Garcia-Tsao G. Su1556 - In Experimental Cirrhosis with Ascites, Obeticholic Acid Reduces Bacterial Translocation to Extra-Intestinal Sites and has a Beneficial Intrahepatic Effect. Gastroenterology 2018, 154: s-1177. DOI: 10.1016/s0016-5085(18)33897-6.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2008
Bacterial Infections, Sepsis, and Multiorgan Failure in Cirrhosis
Tandon P, Garcia-Tsao G. Bacterial Infections, Sepsis, and Multiorgan Failure in Cirrhosis. Seminars In Liver Disease 2008, 28: 026-042. PMID: 18293275, DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1040319.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsSpontaneous bacterial peritonitisBacterial infectionsMultiorgan failureBacterial translocationSystemic inflammatory response syndromeHigh-risk patientsInflammatory response syndromeHyperdynamic circulatory stateRole of antibioticsAdrenal insufficiencyBacterial peritonitisImportant complicationResponse syndromeBacterial overgrowthCirculatory stateClinical featuresCommon infectionsRisk factorsRole of albuminCirrhosisPrognostic modelInfectionSepsisComplicationsPatients
2005
Sepsis in cirrhosis: report on the 7th meeting of the International Ascites Club
Wong F, Bernardi M, Balk R, Christman B, Moreau R, Garcia-Tsao G, Patch D, Soriano G, Hoefs J, Navasa M. Sepsis in cirrhosis: report on the 7th meeting of the International Ascites Club. Gut 2005, 54: 718. PMID: 15831923, PMCID: PMC1774473, DOI: 10.1136/gut.2004.038679.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsGastrointestinal bleedSepsis syndromeBacterial infectionsInternational Ascites ClubElevated D-dimerSystemic inflammatory responseSpontaneous bacterial peritonitisFurther tissue injuryPresence of infectionNitric oxide synthaseTumor necrosis factorUse of antibioticsUse of albuminSubclinical coagulopathyProphylactic antibioticsRenal impairmentCirrhotic patientsLiver dysfunctionRenal failureBacterial peritonitisBacterial translocationD-dimerReticuloendothelial functionProduction of superoxideInflammatory responseBacterial translocation (BT) in cirrhosis
Wiest R, Garcia‐Tsao G. Bacterial translocation (BT) in cirrhosis. Hepatology 2005, 41: 422-433. PMID: 15723320, DOI: 10.1002/hep.20632.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsComplications of cirrhosisBacterial translocationPrevention of BTMucosal barrier functionAdaptive immune responsesPrevention of infectionNew therapeutic targetsImmunological defense mechanismsHuman cirrhosisIntestinal pathophysiologyCirrhosisImmune responseTherapeutic approachesIntestinal floraTherapeutic targetAnatomical sitesGut floraBarrier functionComplicationsMultiple mechanismsPathogenesisPreventionCurrent knowledgeDefense mechanismsAlterations
2003
Bacterial translocation up‐regulates GTP‐cyclohydrolase I in mesenteric vasculature of cirrhotic rats
Wiest R, Cadelina G, Milstien S, McCuskey RS, Garcia‐Tsao G, Groszmann RJ. Bacterial translocation up‐regulates GTP‐cyclohydrolase I in mesenteric vasculature of cirrhotic rats. Hepatology 2003, 38: 1508-1515. PMID: 14647062, DOI: 10.1016/j.hep.2003.09.039.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBacterial translocationMesenteric lymph nodesMesenteric vasculatureGTPCH I activitySerum endotoxinCirrhotic ratsNitric oxideSerum NOx levelsVascular NO productionStandard bacteriologic cultureEssential cofactor tetrahydrobiopterinLimulus amebocyte lysate assayArterial vasodilationArterial pressureLymph nodesHemodynamic disturbancesMesenteric circulationSystemic appearanceEndotoxemiaNO productionBacteriologic cultureNOx levelsCofactor tetrahydrobiopterinEndotoxinLysate assayEffect of Lactobacillus-Fermented Diets on Bacterial Translocation and Intestinal Flora in Experimental Prehepatic Portal Hypertension
Wiest R, Chen F, Cadelina G, Groszmann R, Garcia-Tsao G. Effect of Lactobacillus-Fermented Diets on Bacterial Translocation and Intestinal Flora in Experimental Prehepatic Portal Hypertension. Digestive Diseases And Sciences 2003, 48: 1136-1141. PMID: 12822876, DOI: 10.1023/a:1023729115659.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPrehepatic portal hypertensionBacterial translocationPortal hypertensionEffect of LactobacillusIntestinal floraBacterial overgrowthExperimental prehepatic portal hypertensionBacterial translocation ratesLactobacillus-fermented milkGut mucosal barrierAcute liver injuryIntestinal bacterial overgrowthGut-derived bacteriaMucosal barrier functionPortal vein ligationSpontaneous bacterial infectionsLactobacillus GGLiver injuryLymph nodesVein ligationMucosal barrierPortal veinRat modelDay 7Standard bacteriological cultures
1999
Bacterial translocation in cirrhotic rats stimulates eNOS-derived NO production and impairs mesenteric vascular contractility
Wiest R, Das S, Cadelina G, Garcia-Tsao G, Milstien S, Groszmann R. Bacterial translocation in cirrhotic rats stimulates eNOS-derived NO production and impairs mesenteric vascular contractility. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 1999, 104: 1223-1233. PMID: 10545521, PMCID: PMC409820, DOI: 10.1172/jci7458.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBacterial TranslocationDose-Response Relationship, DrugLiver Cirrhosis, ExperimentalLymph NodesMaleMesenteric ArteriesMethoxamineNitric OxideNitric Oxide SynthasePerfusionPressureProtein IsoformsRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyStress, MechanicalTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaVasoconstrictionVasoconstrictor AgentsConceptsMesenteric lymph nodesEndothelial NO synthaseTNF-alpha productionAscitic cirrhotic ratsBacterial translocationCirrhotic ratsMesenteric vasculatureNitric oxidePresence of BTSuperior mesenteric arterial bedMesenteric arterial bedNitro-L-arginineTNF-alpha synthesisVascular hyporesponsivenessArterial vasodilationLiver cirrhosisLymph nodesVascular contractilityVascular responsesTNF-alphaArterial bedNO inhibitorNOS activityNO overproductionNO synthase
1995
Bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes is increased in cirrhotic rats with ascites
Garcia-Tsao G, Lee F, Barden G, Cartun R, West A. Bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes is increased in cirrhotic rats with ascites. Gastroenterology 1995, 108: 1835-1841. PMID: 7768390, DOI: 10.1016/0016-5085(95)90147-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMesenteric lymph nodesLymph nodesBacterial translocationCirrhotic ratsPositive mesenteric lymphRegional lymph nodesDevelopment of ascitesE. coli translocationStandard bacteriologic cultureCCl4 inhalationSpontaneous bacteremiaCirrhotic patientsMesenteric lymphSubmucosal edemaPassage of bacteriaRat modelBACKGROUND/Systemic circulationAscitesCecal wallNormal controlsIntestinal lumenCirrhosisSpontaneous infectionBacteriologic culture
1993
Bacterial translocation in acute and chronic portal hypertension
Garcia‐Tsao G, Albillos A, Barden G, West A. Bacterial translocation in acute and chronic portal hypertension. Hepatology 1993, 17: 1081-1085. PMID: 8514258, DOI: 10.1002/hep.1840170622.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChronic portal hypertensionPortal hypertensionAcute portal hypertensionBacterial translocationLymph nodesPartial portal vein ligationExperimental portal hypertensionPositive mesenteric lymphMesenteric lymph nodesPortal vein ligationRegional lymph nodesSham-operated controlsFragments of ileumMesenteric inflammationSpontaneous bacteremiaChronic ratsVein ligationControl surgeryMesenteric lymphBowel wallPassage of bacteriaHypertensionHistological examinationSystemic circulationControl animals