2018
The “mortality ascent”
Herrera-Escobar JP, Rios-Diaz AJ, Zogg CK, Wolf LL, Harlow A, Schneider EB, Cooper Z, Ordonez CA, Salim A, Haider AH. The “mortality ascent”. Journal Of Trauma And Acute Care Surgery 2018, 84: 139-145. PMID: 28930947, DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000001706.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsUnstable trauma patientsLevel I TCsLevel II TCsHours postadmissionTrauma patientsLevel ILevel IIMortality riskHospital mortalityLog-binomial regression modelsNational Trauma Data BankComparable mortality riskHospital-level confoundersInjury Severity ScoreSystolic blood pressureAvailable treatment modalitiesTrauma Data BankSpecific risk factorsRisk-adjusted modelsBlood pressureHigher relative mortalityUnstable patientsBurn patientsSeverity scoreTreatment modalities
2017
Routine inclusion of long-term functional and patient-reported outcomes into trauma registries
Rios-Diaz A, Herrera-Escobar J, Lilley E, Appelson J, Gabbe B, Brasel K, deRoon-Cassini T, Schneider E, Kasotakis G, Kaafarani H, Velmahos G, Salim A, Haider A. Routine inclusion of long-term functional and patient-reported outcomes into trauma registries. Journal Of Trauma And Acute Care Surgery 2017, 83: 97-104. PMID: 28426563, DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000001490.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBenchmarkingBostonFeasibility StudiesFemaleHumansInjury Severity ScoreInterviews as TopicMaleMiddle AgedPatient Reported Outcome MeasuresQuality of LifeRecovery of FunctionRegistriesRetrospective StudiesReturn to WorkStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticSurveys and QuestionnairesWounds and InjuriesConceptsTrauma registryPosttraumatic stress disorderPostinjury experienceTrauma centerSF-12 mental composite scoreSF-12 physical composite scorePatient-reported outcome metricsStress disorderLong-term outcome measuresInstitutional trauma registryInjury Severity ScoreHealth-related qualityPhysical composite scoreHealth care utilizationPatient-reported outcomesMental composite scoreMost trauma centersComposite scoreQuality improvement metricsEligible patientsTrauma patientsCare utilizationSeverity scoreWomen's HospitalTrauma outcomes
2016
Conscious status predicts mortality among patients with isolated traumatic brain injury in administrative data
Alsulaim H, Smart B, Asemota A, Haring R, Canner J, Efron D, Haut E, Schneider E. Conscious status predicts mortality among patients with isolated traumatic brain injury in administrative data. The American Journal Of Surgery 2016, 214: 207-210. PMID: 27663651, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2016.07.012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsBrain Injuries, TraumaticDatabases, FactualFemaleHumansInjury Severity ScoreMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisUnconsciousnessConceptsSevere TBIInjury severityMortality predictionNationwide Emergency Department SampleAdministrative dataEmergency Department SampleTraumatic brain injuryPrevention guidelinesInjury typeBrain injuryUnivariate analysisBrief lossInternational ClassificationOutcome studiesPhysiologic factorsPatientsConscious statusDisease controlLogistic regressionMortalityTBIAdministrative datasetsAnatomical measuresSimilar differencesMeeting CentersIntensity of treatment, end-of-life care, and mortality for older patients with severe traumatic brain injury
Lilley E, Williams K, Schneider E, Hammouda K, Salim A, Haider A, Cooper Z. Intensity of treatment, end-of-life care, and mortality for older patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Journal Of Trauma And Acute Care Surgery 2016, 80: 998-1004. PMID: 26953761, DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000001028.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSevere traumatic brain injuryTraumatic brain injuryGeriatric patientsFunctional statusBrain injuryHospital mortality outcomesPatients 65 yearsDays of injuryGoals of careFurther aggressive treatmentSurgery of TraumaIntensity of treatmentHospital mortalityHospital deathLife decision makingAggressive treatmentHospital dischargeIdentifies patientsNeurologic statusNonresponder groupOlder patientsRetrospective reviewMortality outcomesPoor prognosisFunctional impairment
2015
Socioeconomic correlates of trauma: An analysis of emergency ward patients in Yaoundé, Cameroon
Kacker S, Bishai D, Mballa G, Monono M, Schneider E, Ngamby K, Hyder A, Juillard C. Socioeconomic correlates of trauma: An analysis of emergency ward patients in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Injury 2015, 47: 658-664. PMID: 26763297, DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2015.12.011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLowest SES quintileSocioeconomic statusTrauma centerTreatment outcomesInjury severitySevere injuriesSES quintilesWealth scoreEmergency ward patientsLargest trauma hospitalMajor trauma centreCare-seeking behaviorFuture trauma researchSeverity of injuryRoad traffic injuriesHigher socioeconomic statusEffect of SESProspective registryTrauma patientsWard patientsCentral HospitalInjury characteristicsTrauma hospitalEmergency wardTrauma outcomesGuidelines for the Treatment of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Are They Used?
Piper LC, Zogg CK, Schneider EB, Orman JA, Rasmussen TE, Blackbourne LH, Haider AH. Guidelines for the Treatment of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Are They Used? JAMA Surgery 2015, 150: 1013-1015. PMID: 26267138, DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2015.1838.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchOcular injury in the United States: Emergency department visits from 2006–2011
Haring R, Canner J, Haider A, Schneider E. Ocular injury in the United States: Emergency department visits from 2006–2011. Injury 2015, 47: 104-108. PMID: 26275512, DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2015.07.020.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOcular injuriesOcular traumaPayer statusMultiple injuriesEmergency departmentInpatient statusHigher oddsNationwide Emergency Department SampleMajority of patientsMechanism of injuryEmergency Department SampleOdds of admissionType of injuryDifferent injury typesLogistic regression modelsED visitsOcular complaintsPatient demographicsHospital admissionMale sexMean ageSecondary diagnosisInpatient admissionsPrimary diagnosisInjury typeA modified Kampala trauma score (KTS) effectively predicts mortality in trauma patients
Weeks S, Stevens K, Haider A, Efron D, Haut E, MacKenzie E, Schneider E. A modified Kampala trauma score (KTS) effectively predicts mortality in trauma patients. Injury 2015, 47: 125-129. PMID: 26256783, DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2015.07.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNew Injury Severity ScoreInjury Severity ScoreKampala Trauma ScoreTrauma patientsSeverity scoreTrauma ScorePhysiologic measuresMortality predictionNon-trauma center hospitalsSeverity scoring toolsPre-hospital intubationCenter HospitalInjury scoreAnatomical injuryMortality riskLevel IInjury severityRespiratory ratePhysiologic dataScoring toolOutcome predictionMortalitySignificant predictorsCharacteristic curveSimilar predictive abilityTrends in incidence and severity of sports-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the emergency department, 2006–2011
Haring R, Canner J, Asemota A, George B, Selvarajah S, Haider A, Schneider E. Trends in incidence and severity of sports-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the emergency department, 2006–2011. Brain Injury 2015, 29: 989-992. PMID: 25962926, DOI: 10.3109/02699052.2015.1033014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSports-related traumatic brain injuryTraumatic brain injuryEmergency departmentHospitalization ratesAbbreviated Injury Severity ScoreNationwide Emergency Department SampleInjury Severity ScoreEmergency Department SampleHigh school age groupsAbsolute annual numberSchool age groupED visitsPayer statusInpatient admissionsSeverity scoreBrain injuryMedical attentionInjury severityAge 65Age groupsYoung athletesAge 15
2014
The Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in the United States: 2007–2010
Selvarajah S, Schneider E, Becker D, Sadowsky C, Haider A, Hammond E. The Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in the United States: 2007–2010. Journal Of Neurotrauma 2014, 31: 1548-1560. PMID: 24811704, DOI: 10.1089/neu.2014.3332.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentChildEmergency Service, HospitalFemaleHumansInjury Severity ScoreMaleSpinal Cord InjuriesUnited StatesConceptsTraumatic spinal cord injuryAcute traumatic spinal cord injuryNew Injury Severity ScoreSpinal cord injuryCumulative incidenceCord injuryMedian New Injury Severity ScoreNationwide Emergency Department SampleChildren age 5 yearsConcurrent brain injuryNinth Revision diagnosisInjury Severity ScoreMajority of patientsOverall injury severityEmergency Department SampleInflation-adjusted chargesEpidemiology of childhoodChildren 5 yearsEmergency department dataAge 17 yearsAge 5 yearsRoad traffic accidentsDischarge dispositionMedian ageRevision diagnosisAssociation Between Race and Age in Survival After Trauma
Hicks C, Hashmi Z, Velopulos C, Efron D, Schneider E, Haut E, Cornwell E, Haider A. Association Between Race and Age in Survival After Trauma. JAMA Surgery 2014, 149: 642-647. PMID: 24871941, PMCID: PMC5995325, DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2014.166.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCharlson Comorbidity IndexPatients 65 yearsOlder patientsBlack patientsInjury severityComorbidity indexRacial disparitiesWhite patientsOdds ratioBetter outcomesCharlson Comorbidity Index scoreClinical Modification diagnosis codesLogistic regressionComorbidity Index scoreOlder black patientsOlder white patientsYoung black patientsYoung white patientsMost older patientsIntent of injuryNationwide Inpatient SampleMultivariable logistic regressionUnadjusted odds ratioUnivariable logistic regressionHead injury severityIncreased mortality associated with EMS transport of gunshot wound victims when compared to private vehicle transport
Zafar S, Haider A, Stevens K, Ray-Mazumder N, Kisat M, Schneider E, Chi A, Galvagno S, Cornwell E, Efron D, Haut E. Increased mortality associated with EMS transport of gunshot wound victims when compared to private vehicle transport. Injury 2014, 45: 1320-1326. PMID: 24957424, DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2014.05.032.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAmbulancesAutomobilesEmergency Medical ServicesFemaleFluid TherapyGravity SuitsHospital MortalityHumansImmobilizationInjury Severity ScoreIntubation, IntratrachealMaleMiddle AgedMonitoring, PhysiologicOutcome and Process Assessment, Health CareRetrospective StudiesTime FactorsTransportation of PatientsTrauma CentersUnited StatesWounds, GunshotConceptsEmergency medical servicesProportion of patientsGSW patientsTrauma centerGunshot woundsNational Trauma Data BankGunshot wound victimsTrauma Data BankIndividual trauma centersMultivariable regression analysisHospital mortalityPatient demographicsUnadjusted mortalityTrauma patientsMultivariable analysisTwofold oddsEMS transportMortality differencesPatientsInjury severityPrivate vehicle transportMortalityWide variationMedical servicesFurther studiesBenchmarking trauma centers on mortality alone does not reflect quality of care
Hashmi Z, Schneider E, Castillo R, Haut E, Zafar S, Cornwell E, MacKenzie E, Latif A, Haider A. Benchmarking trauma centers on mortality alone does not reflect quality of care. Journal Of Trauma And Acute Care Surgery 2014, 76: 1184-1191. PMID: 24747447, DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000000215.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedBenchmarkingCause of DeathDatabases, FactualFemaleHealth Care SurveysHospital MortalityHumansInjury Severity ScoreMaleMiddle AgedQuality of Health CareReimbursement, IncentiveRisk AdjustmentSensitivity and SpecificitySurvival AnalysisTrauma CentersUnited StatesWounds and InjuriesWounds, NonpenetratingWounds, PenetratingYoung AdultConceptsInjury Severity ScoreTrauma centerNational Trauma Data BankPatients 16 yearsHigh complication rateRisk of deathTrauma Data BankHospital performance rankingsQuality of careUnadjusted morbidityPerformance statusComplication rateMajor complicationsMorbidity outcomesMortality outcomesSeverity scoreMorbidity ratioMortality ratioEpidemiologic studiesMorbidityMorbidity analysisMortality rateLevel IIIPoor concordanceComplicationsDeveloping best practices to study trauma outcomes in large databases
Haider A, Hashmi Z, Zafar S, Castillo R, Haut E, Schneider E, Cornwell E, Mackenzie E, Efron D. Developing best practices to study trauma outcomes in large databases. Journal Of Trauma And Acute Care Surgery 2014, 76: 1061-1069. PMID: 24662872, DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000000182.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNational Trauma Data BankRisk-adjustment modelsTrauma mortalityTrauma outcomesSubsequent multivariate logistic regression analysisMultivariate logistic regression analysisManual backward selectionTrauma Data BankUnivariate logistic regressionLogistic regression analysisInitial multivariate modelPatient subsetsMultivariable analysisTrauma centerMortality outcomesSimilar AUROCsSubset analysisUnivariate analysisPrognostic studiesAnalytic standardizationLevel IIILogistic regressionThe Severity of Disparity: Increasing Injury Intensity Accentuates Disparate Outcomes Following Trauma
Losonczy L, Weygandt P, Villegas C, Hall E, Schneider E, Cooper L, Cornwell E, Haut E, Efron D, Haider A. The Severity of Disparity: Increasing Injury Intensity Accentuates Disparate Outcomes Following Trauma. Journal Of Health Care For The Poor And Underserved 2014, 25: 308-320. PMID: 24509028, PMCID: PMC6017993, DOI: 10.1353/hpu.2014.0021.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOdds of deathInjury severityGlasgow Coma Scale motor componentPatients meeting inclusion criteriaNational Trauma Data BankInjury Severity ScoreMechanism of injuryTrauma Data BankMeeting inclusion criteriaInsurance groupsRace/ethnicityHypotensive patientsTrauma mortalityBlack patientsHispanic patientsSeverity scoreUninsured patientsInclusion criteriaPatientsSevere injuriesLogistic regressionInjury intensityInjuryInsurance coverageSeverity
2013
Minority Trauma Patients Tend to Cluster at Trauma Centers with Worse-Than-Expected Mortality
Haider A, Hashmi Z, Zafar S, Hui X, Schneider E, Efron D, Haut E, Cooper L, MacKenzie E, Cornwell E. Minority Trauma Patients Tend to Cluster at Trauma Centers with Worse-Than-Expected Mortality. Annals Of Surgery 2013, 258: 572-581. PMID: 23979271, PMCID: PMC5995334, DOI: 10.1097/sla.0b013e3182a50148.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBlack or African AmericanDatabases, FactualFemaleHealth Status DisparitiesHealthcare DisparitiesHispanic or LatinoHospital MortalityHumansInjury Severity ScoreLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMinority HealthMultivariate AnalysisOutcome Assessment, Health CareTrauma CentersUnited StatesWhite PeopleWounds, NonpenetratingWounds, PenetratingYoung AdultConceptsTrauma centerNational Trauma Data Bank 2007High mortalityLevel I/II trauma centersPatient/injury characteristicsE mortality ratioPatients 16 yearsInjury Severity ScoreMultivariate logistic regressionIndividual trauma centersNumber of deathsBlunt/Trauma patientsBlack patientsInjury characteristicsSeverity scoreMortality ratioTraumatic injuryLower mortalityLogistic regressionPatientsRacial disparitiesMortalityInjurySurvivalSocioeconomic disparity in inpatient mortality after traumatic injury in adults
Ali M, Hui X, Hashmi Z, Dhiman N, Scott V, Efron D, Schneider E, Haider A. Socioeconomic disparity in inpatient mortality after traumatic injury in adults. Surgery 2013, 154: 461-467. PMID: 23972652, PMCID: PMC3989530, DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2013.05.036.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultFemaleHumansInjury Severity ScoreInpatientsInsurance CoverageMaleMiddle AgedRegression AnalysisSocial ClassWounds and InjuriesConceptsInjury Severity ScoreInpatient mortalityMedian household incomeSocioeconomic statusTrauma mortalityInsurance statusMultiple logistic regression analysisUnadjusted inpatient mortalityNationwide Inpatient SampleType of injuryLogistic regression analysisLower wealth quartilesWealthiest quartileTrauma disparitiesPatient demographicsIndependent predictorsTrauma patientsSeverity scoreAdjusted oddsInpatient SampleTraumatic injuryInclusion criteriaAdult traumaComorbiditiesMortalityReliability adjustment
Hashmi Z, Dimick J, Efron D, Haut E, Schneider E, Zafar S, Schwartz D, Cornwell E, Haider A. Reliability adjustment. Journal Of Trauma And Acute Care Surgery 2013, 75: 166-172. PMID: 23940864, PMCID: PMC3989535, DOI: 10.1097/ta.0b013e318298494f.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAgedBenchmarkingCause of DeathDatabases, FactualFemaleHospital MortalityHumansInjury Severity ScoreMaleMiddle AgedOutcome Assessment, Health CareQuality ImprovementReproducibility of ResultsRisk AdjustmentSurvival AnalysisTrauma CentersUnited StatesWounds and InjuriesWounds, NonpenetratingWounds, PenetratingYoung AdultConceptsRisk-adjusted mortality ratesInjury Severity ScoreLow-volume centersMortality rateNational Trauma Data Bank 2010National Trauma Data BankReliability adjustmentHierarchical logistic regression modelingPatients 16 yearsRisk-adjusted mortalityTrauma Data BankNumber of patientsLogistic regression modelingHospital performance assessmentRisk adjustment methodsTrauma centerSeverity scoreVolume centersMortality ratioWorst quintileInterfacility variationPredictors of Sepsis in Moderately Severely Injured Patients: An Analysis of the National Trauma Data Bank
Kisat M, Villegas C, Onguti S, Zafar S, Latif A, Efron D, Haut E, Schneider E, Lipsett P, Zafar H, Haider A. Predictors of Sepsis in Moderately Severely Injured Patients: An Analysis of the National Trauma Data Bank. Surgical Infections 2013, 14: 62-68. PMID: 23461696, PMCID: PMC3601717, DOI: 10.1089/sur.2012.009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAccidental FallsAccidents, TrafficAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBlack or African AmericanDatabases, FactualFemaleHumansInjury Severity ScoreLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisOdds RatioRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSepsisSocioeconomic FactorsUnited StatesWounds and InjuriesConceptsPost-traumatic sepsisNational Trauma Data BankInjury Severity ScoreTrauma Data BankClinical characteristicsPredictor of sepsisLife-threatening complicationsEmergency department presentationsMechanism of injuryMultivariable logistic regressionAfrican American raceAssociated mortality rateAssociation of sepsisYears of ageMotor vehicle crashesHospital deathPatient groupStudy criteriaInjury factorsSeverity scoreMale genderRisk factorsRetrospective analysisSepsisInjury mechanism
2012
Epidemiology of moderate-to-severe penetrating versus closed traumatic brain injury in the Iraq and Afghanistan wars
Orman J, Geyer D, Jones J, Schneider E, Grafman J, Pugh M, DuBose J. Epidemiology of moderate-to-severe penetrating versus closed traumatic brain injury in the Iraq and Afghanistan wars. Journal Of Trauma And Acute Care Surgery 2012, 73: s496-s502. PMID: 23192076, DOI: 10.1097/ta.0b013e318275473c.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAfghan Campaign 2001-Age DistributionBrain InjuriesChi-Square DistributionFemaleHumansIncidenceInjury Severity ScoreIraq War, 2003-2011MaleMass Casualty IncidentsMiddle AgedPrognosisRegistriesRetrospective StudiesSex DistributionStatistics, NonparametricSurvival AnalysisUnited StatesWarfareWounds, NonpenetratingWounds, PenetratingYoung AdultConceptsClosed traumatic brain injuryTraumatic brain injuryBrain injuryInjury severityAbbreviated Injury Scale scoreSevere closed traumatic brain injuryCombat-related traumatic brain injuryJoint Theater Trauma RegistryInjury Scale scoreOverall injury severitySevere penetratingPatients meeting criteriaSevere brain injuryAnatomic injury severityTrauma registry dataMaximum Abbreviated Injury Scale scoreTrauma registrySurgical interventionSurveillance definitionsRegistry dataTBI severityEpidemiologic studiesNeck woundsMeeting criteriaScale score