Publications

2026

Factors Associated With Discordance Between the Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time and Anti-factor Xa Activity During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Simms B, Carmona C, Karam O. Factors Associated With Discordance Between the Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time and Anti-factor Xa Activity During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Cureus 2026, 18: e114617. PMID: 42746644, PMCID: PMC13577793, DOI: 10.7759/cureus.114617.
Peer-Reviewed Original Research
From Floor to Intensive Care Unit: Unpacking the Real Impact of High-Flow Nasal Cannula on Bronchiolitis Triage.
Householder S, Harris C, Tarica M, Dias M, Karam O. From Floor to Intensive Care Unit: Unpacking the Real Impact of High-Flow Nasal Cannula on Bronchiolitis Triage. Hospital Pediatrics 2026, 16: 709-717. PMID: 42481034, DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2025-008983.
Peer-Reviewed Original Research
MeSH Keywords
Prostaglandin Administration and Outcomes in Children on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.
Xiao W, Aldairi N, Marcus B, Weiss M, Cowl A, Moncata M, Deep A, Karam O. Prostaglandin Administration and Outcomes in Children on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. World Journal For Pediatric And Congenital Heart Surgery 2026, 21501351261453052. PMID: 42370745, DOI: 10.1177/21501351261453052.
Peer-Reviewed Original Research
Impact of platelet characteristics on post‐transfusion count response in critically ill children on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A secondary analysis of the ECSTATIC trial
Karam O, Barney B, Coles G, Choudhury T, Furlong‐Dillard J, Ozment C, Bain J, Niebler R, Chegondi M, Schiller O, Joashi U, Paden M, Nellis M, collaborators T, Net and PediECMO S. Impact of platelet characteristics on post‐transfusion count response in critically ill children on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A secondary analysis of the ECSTATIC trial. Transfusion 2026, 66: 1727-1736. PMID: 42313454, PMCID: PMC13293472, DOI: 10.1111/trf.70299.
Peer-Reviewed Original Research
Red Blood Cell Transfusion Characteristics and Morbidity or Mortality in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants
Hendrickson J, Birch R, Rowley E, Sola-Visner M, Branchford B, Chen X, Custer B, DeSimone R, Bougie D, Edwards E, Goel R, Gottschall J, Hod E, Moayeri M, Roubinian N, Karam O, VanWormer J, Stone E, Luban N, Josephson C, Patel R, Mast A, Baumann Kreuziger L, Vichinsky E, Spencer B, Sachais B, Chapman K, Norris P, Stone M, Ness P, Kleinman S. Red Blood Cell Transfusion Characteristics and Morbidity or Mortality in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants. JAMA Network Open 2026, 9: e2619301. PMID: 42340722, PMCID: PMC13294781, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.19301.
Peer-Reviewed Original Research
MeSH Keywords
Postoperative Bleeding Definitions as the Foundation of Hemostasis in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
Karam O, Atchison C, Chegondi M. Postoperative Bleeding Definitions as the Foundation of Hemostasis in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery. Diagnostics 2026, 16: 1375. PMID: 42122078, PMCID: PMC13164272, DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics16091375.
Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus Statements
The value of disagreement in medicine
Karam O, Klig J. The value of disagreement in medicine. Current Opinion In Pediatrics 2026, 38: 227-228. PMID: 42116819, DOI: 10.1097/mop.0000000000001568.
Peer-Reviewed Original Research
Association between platelet indices and next-day bleeding and clotting in children and adults on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A retrospective study
Chegondi M, Jawahar A, Badheka A, Karam O. Association between platelet indices and next-day bleeding and clotting in children and adults on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A retrospective study. Perfusion 2026, 41: 600-607. PMID: 41999570, DOI: 10.1177/02676591261445354.
Peer-Reviewed Original Research
Epidemiology of Pediatric Transfusion Reactions
Stone E, Chacreton D, Jimenez A, Kelly S, Goel R, Hendrickson J, Nellis M, Sola-Visner M, Karam O, Patel R, Vossoughi S, Vissa M, Wilson S, VanWormer J, Singer S, Bakhtary S, Vichinsky E, Luban N, Josephson C, Karafin M. Epidemiology of Pediatric Transfusion Reactions. JAMA Network Open 2026, 9: e269274. PMID: 42043816, PMCID: PMC13122406, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.9274.
Peer-Reviewed Original Research
MeSH Keywords
Factors Associated With R01 Submission Among Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Career Development Award Recipients
Killien E, Carlton E, Pierce R, Heneghan J, Karam O, Typpo K, Bhalla A, Network F. Factors Associated With R01 Submission Among Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Career Development Award Recipients. Critical Care Medicine 2026, 54: 1534-1545. PMID: 41885544, DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000007109.
Peer-Reviewed Original Research
MeSH Keywords
Consensus-based criteria for actionable hemorrhage in pediatric trauma: A Delphi study
Kim M, Mun A, Arkowitz D, Sharf T, Borgman M, Chaudhari P, Chiusolo F, Cotton B, Delaney M, Ditillo M, Finkelstein R, Gaines B, Hewes H, Holmes J, Jenkins D, Karam O, Kornblith A, Leeper C, Muszynski J, Nahmias J, Nishijima D, Notrica D, Russell R, Spinella P, Steiner M, Streck C, Stricker P, Vavilala M, Vogel A, Yazer M, Kuppermann N, Leonard J, Jensen A, Burd R. Consensus-based criteria for actionable hemorrhage in pediatric trauma: A Delphi study. Journal Of Trauma And Acute Care Surgery 2026, 101: 415-422. PMID: 41879753, DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000004958.
Peer-Reviewed Original Research
Surviving Sepsis Campaign International Guidelines for the Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock in Children 2026
Weiss S, Peters M, Oczkowski S, Belley-Cote E, Buysse C, Choong K, Deep A, Inwald D, Flori H, Kneyber M, Menon K, Murthy S, Nunnally M, Parker M, Schlapbach L, Oliveira C, Sorce L, Agus M, Argent A, Balamuth F, Bansal A, Bem R, Brierley J, Burns K, Carlton E, Carrol E, Carroll C, Carter M, Conlon T, Daniels R, De Luca D, Di Nardo M, Dulfer K, Faust S, Fernandez-Sarmiento J, Fitzgerald J, Hall M, Hsu B, Javouhey E, Joosten K, Karam O, Kelly S, Lang H, Lee J, Lemson J, MacLaren G, Manning J, Mehta N, Morin L, Morrow B, Nadel S, Nishisaki A, Pong S, Raman S, Randolph A, Ranjit S, Ray S, Remy K, Scott H, Sick-Samuels A, Souza D, Swan T, Tibby S, Valla F, Watson R, Wiens M, Wolf J, Zimmerman J, Tissieres P, Kissoon N. Surviving Sepsis Campaign International Guidelines for the Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock in Children 2026. Intensive Care Medicine 2026, 52: 937-983. PMID: 41870559, DOI: 10.1007/s00134-026-08360-2.
Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus Statements
Surviving Sepsis Campaign International Guidelines for the Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock in Children 2026
Weiss S, Peters M, Oczkowski S, Belley-Cote E, Buysse C, Choong K, Deep A, Inwald D, Flori H, Kneyber M, Menon K, Murthy S, Nunnally M, Parker M, Schlapbach L, Oliveira C, Sorce L, Agus M, Argent A, Balamuth F, Bansal A, Bem R, Brierley J, Burns K, Carlton E, Carrol E, Carroll C, Carter M, Conlon T, Daniels R, De Luca D, Di Nardo M, Dulfer K, Faust S, Fernandez-Sarmiento J, Fitzgerald J, Hall M, Hsu B, Javouhey E, Joosten K, Karam O, Kelly S, Lang H, Lee J, Lemson J, MacLaren G, Manning J, Mehta N, Morin L, Morrow B, Nadel S, Nishisaki A, Pong S, Raman S, Randolph A, Ranjit S, Ray S, Remy K, Scott H, Sick-Samuels A, Souza D, Swan T, Tibby S, Valla F, Watson R, Wiens M, Wolf J, Zimmerman J, Tissieres P, Kissoon N. Surviving Sepsis Campaign International Guidelines for the Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock in Children 2026. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 2026, 27: 379-434. PMID: 41869844, DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000003927.
Peer-Reviewed Original Research
MeSH Keywords
Stuck in the Dark: No Association between Light, Sound, and Delirium in the PICU
Greenfield K, Karam O, Iqbal O’Meara A. Stuck in the Dark: No Association between Light, Sound, and Delirium in the PICU. Journal Of Pediatric Intensive Care 2026, 14 DOI: 10.53391/2146-4618.1073.
Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1233: AN ANTIPSYCHOTIC STEWARDSHIP PROGRAM TO DECREASE QUETIAPINE USE IN A PEDIATRIC CARDIAC ICU
Ahmed A, Kesman R, Veten A, Gerdine C, Blalock S, Caban S, DiRocco A, Wright A, Karam O, Kandil S. 1233: AN ANTIPSYCHOTIC STEWARDSHIP PROGRAM TO DECREASE QUETIAPINE USE IN A PEDIATRIC CARDIAC ICU. Critical Care Medicine 2026, 54 DOI: 10.1097/01.ccm.0001186928.56197.6e.
Peer-Reviewed Original Research
This study investigates a program to reduce quetiapine use in pediatric cardiac ICUs, showing an 81% decrease without increasing delirium, improving medication safety.
Full Summary
1333: REDUCING UNNECESSARY CHEST X-RAYS IN A PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Ahmed S, Javadi S, Karam O, Giuliano J, Kandil S. 1333: REDUCING UNNECESSARY CHEST X-RAYS IN A PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT. Critical Care Medicine 2026, 54 DOI: 10.1097/01.ccm.0001187328.45530.43.
Peer-Reviewed Original Research
This study investigates reducing unnecessary chest X-rays in pediatric ICUs, showing a 62.5% reduction through education, data sharing, and collaborative practice changes.
Full Summary
983: VENTILATOR WEANING STRATEGIES IN ACUTE AND ACUTE-ON-CHRONIC RESPIRATORY FAILURE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Ingle T, Close E, Desai K, Puthawala C, Simms B, Ahmed A, Funaro M, Karam O. 983: VENTILATOR WEANING STRATEGIES IN ACUTE AND ACUTE-ON-CHRONIC RESPIRATORY FAILURE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. Critical Care Medicine 2026, 54 DOI: 10.1097/01.ccm.0001185928.10631.86.
Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1093: TRAUMA-RELATED PSYCHOPATHOLOGY IN PARENTS FOLLOWING ECMO: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Karam O, Mivelaz-Equey L, Johnson R, Carmona C, Demory A, Furlong-Dillard J, Traube C, Rotem I, Sharifi M, Lyons K. 1093: TRAUMA-RELATED PSYCHOPATHOLOGY IN PARENTS FOLLOWING ECMO: A QUALITATIVE STUDY. Critical Care Medicine 2026, 54 DOI: 10.1097/01.ccm.0001186368.20335.62.
Peer-Reviewed Original Research
This study investigates trauma-related mental health issues in parents after their child’s ECMO treatment, finding high rates of PTSD, anxiety, and depression, highlighting the need for trauma-informed care.
Full Summary
1467: PATTERNS OF DISCORDANCE BETWEEN ANTI-XA AND APTT ON ECMO AND ASSOCIATED HEPARIN MANAGEMENT
Simms B, Carmona C, Karam O. 1467: PATTERNS OF DISCORDANCE BETWEEN ANTI-XA AND APTT ON ECMO AND ASSOCIATED HEPARIN MANAGEMENT. Critical Care Medicine 2026, 54 DOI: 10.1097/01.ccm.0001187864.06236.c7.
Peer-Reviewed Original Research
This study investigates discordance between aPTT and anti-Xa in ECMO anticoagulation, finding it complicates heparin management, especially in VA ECMO and coagulopathy cases.
Full Summary
1272: REPORTED CLINICAL HOURS AMONG PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE K AWARD RECIPIENTS VERSUS DIVISION DIRECTORS
Carlton E, Killien E, Pierce R, Heneghan J, Karam O, Typpo K, Bhalla A. 1272: REPORTED CLINICAL HOURS AMONG PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE K AWARD RECIPIENTS VERSUS DIVISION DIRECTORS. Critical Care Medicine 2026, 54 DOI: 10.1097/01.ccm.0001187084.18184.79.
Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1271: FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH R01 SUBMISSION AMONG K AWARD RECIPIENTS IN PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
Killien E, Carlton E, Pierce R, Heneghan J, Karam O, Typpo K, Bhalla A. 1271: FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH R01 SUBMISSION AMONG K AWARD RECIPIENTS IN PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE. Critical Care Medicine 2026, 54 DOI: 10.1097/01.ccm.0001187080.93958.59.
Peer-Reviewed Original Research
Reducing Unplanned Pediatric Extubations by Modifying Analgosedative Infusions
Giuliano J, Hassmann S, Curello C, Ahmed A, Karam O, Berez A, Edwards L, Kandil S. Reducing Unplanned Pediatric Extubations by Modifying Analgosedative Infusions. Pediatric Quality And Safety 2026, 11: e868. PMID: 41744024, PMCID: PMC12931946, DOI: 10.1097/pq9.0000000000000868.
Peer-Reviewed Original Research
This study investigates reducing unplanned pediatric extubations by replacing fentanyl with morphine-based sedatives, showing a 90% drop in extubation rates per ventilator day.
Full Summary
Use of delirium screening tools in the pediatric ICU: unnecessarily burdensome
Willems A, Karam O. Use of delirium screening tools in the pediatric ICU: unnecessarily burdensome. Current Opinion In Pediatrics 2026, 38: 234-239. PMID: 41919958, DOI: 10.1097/mop.0000000000001553.
Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus Statements
MeSH Keywords
Use of near-infrared spectroscopy to guide care in the pediatric cardiac ICU: just another glorified gadget?
Karam O, O’Meara A. Use of near-infrared spectroscopy to guide care in the pediatric cardiac ICU: just another glorified gadget? Current Opinion In Pediatrics 2026, 38: 248-253. PMID: 41670437, DOI: 10.1097/mop.0000000000001554.
Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus Statements
This study investigates the clinical utility of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in pediatric cardiac ICU care, showing it provides oxygenation data but lacks evidence of improving outcomes or guiding management effectively.
Full Summary
Protocols for anticoagulation management in pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A comparative retrospective study.
Jansen M, Boom N, Schalij N, Roeleveld P, Van Es E, Karam O, Willems A. Protocols for anticoagulation management in pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A comparative retrospective study. Perfusion 2026, 2676591261416084. PMID: 41564429, DOI: 10.1177/02676591261416084.
Peer-Reviewed Original Research

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