2024
Observational Behavioral Coding in the Pediatric Emergency Department: Development of the Emergency Department Child Behavior Coding System
Martin S, Heyming T, Valdez B, Salas L, Cohen L, Fortier M, Lee K, Kaplan S, Kain Z. Observational Behavioral Coding in the Pediatric Emergency Department: Development of the Emergency Department Child Behavior Coding System. Journal Of Emergency Medicine 2024, 67: e50-e59. PMID: 38821846, PMCID: PMC11181611, DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2024.01.019.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchInter-rater reliabilityPediatric emergency departmentEmergency departmentConcurrent validityChild distressED proceduresExcellent inter-rater reliabilityEffectiveness of interventionsBehavioral assessment toolsChildren aged 2Multidisciplinary expert panelED painBehavioral coding systemInter-raterExpert panelAssessment toolDistressBehavioral targetsAged 2FLACC scoresInterventionPainCoding systemDepartmentChildren
2019
3 Perioperative Behavioral Stress in Children
Gulur P, Fortier M, Mayes L, Kain Z. 3 Perioperative Behavioral Stress in Children. 2019, 25-34.e3. DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-42974-0.00003-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPerioperative behaviorChildren's preoperative anxietyPreoperative anxietyChild's perioperative experienceExperiences of childrenDevelopmental considerationsChildren's responsesEmotional factorsDevelopmental factorsAnxietyEffective interventionsBehavioral stressChildrenExperiencePerioperative experiencePerioperative fieldHigh levelsBehavioral recoveryIntervention
2008
Development of a Brief Behavioral Intervention for Children's Anxiety at Anesthesia Induction
MacLaren J, Kain Z. Development of a Brief Behavioral Intervention for Children's Anxiety at Anesthesia Induction. Children's Health Care 2008, 37: 196-209. DOI: 10.1080/02739610802151522.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2001
Premedication and parental presence revisited
Kain Z. Premedication and parental presence revisited. Current Opinion In Anaesthesiology 2001, 14: 331. PMID: 17019112, DOI: 10.1097/00001503-200106000-00009.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2000
Parental Presence and a Sedative Premedicant for Children Undergoing Surgery
Kain Z, Mayes L, Wang S, Caramico L, Krivutza D, Hofstadter M. Parental Presence and a Sedative Premedicant for Children Undergoing Surgery. Anesthesiology 2000, 92: 939-946. PMID: 10754612, DOI: 10.1097/00000542-200004000-00010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPPIA groupSedative groupOverall careParental presenceParental satisfactionOperating roomParental anxietyInduction of anesthesiaPrimary endpointSecondary endpointsPerioperative periodOral midazolamOral sedativesPreoperative anxietySedative premedicantsAnesthesia maskChildrenSedativesAnxietyAdditive effectChild anxietyEndpointCareStandardized measuresIntervention
1998
Parental Presence during Induction of Anesthesia versus Sedative Premedication
Kain Z, Mayes L, Wang S, Caramico L, Hofstadter M. Parental Presence during Induction of Anesthesia versus Sedative Premedication. Anesthesiology 1998, 89: 1147-1156. PMID: 9822003, DOI: 10.1097/00000542-199811000-00015.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInduction of anesthesiaMidazolam groupControl groupParental presenceOral midazolamEnd pointParental presence groupPrimary end pointSecondary end pointsParental anxiety scoresPerioperative periodPreoperative periodPreoperative anxietySedative premedicationAnesthesia maskAnesthesiaMidazolamOperating roomAnxiety scoresParent anxietyChildrenLess anxietyInterventionAnxietyInduction
1997
Parental Desire for Perioperative Information and Informed Consent: A Two-Phase Study
Kain Z, Wang S, Caramico L, Hofstadter M, Mayes L. Parental Desire for Perioperative Information and Informed Consent: A Two-Phase Study. Anesthesia & Analgesia 1997, 84: 299. DOI: 10.1213/00000539-199702000-00011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPerioperative informationPerioperative periodParents of childrenParental anxietyTime pointsDay of surgeryCross-sectional studyParental anxiety levelsRisk informationPhase 2Phase 1Majority of parentsParental educational levelIntervention groupPossible complicationsControl groupInformed consentSurgeryOperating roomGroup assignmentTwo-phase studyAnxiety levelsSignificant differencesInterventionEducational levelParental Desire for Perioperative Information and Informed Consent
Kain Z, Wang S, Caramico L, Hofstadter M, Mayes L. Parental Desire for Perioperative Information and Informed Consent. Anesthesia & Analgesia 1997, 84: 299-306.. PMID: 9024018, DOI: 10.1097/00000539-199702000-00011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPerioperative informationPerioperative periodParents of childrenParental anxietyTime pointsDay of surgeryCross-sectional studyParental anxiety levelsRisk informationPhase 2Phase 1Majority of parentsParental educational levelIntervention groupPossible complicationsControl groupInformed consentSurgeryOperating roomGroup assignmentAnxiety levelsSignificant differencesInterventionEducational levelInformation parents
1996
Preoperative preparation in children: A cross-sectional study
Kain Z, Mayes L, Caramico L. Preoperative preparation in children: A cross-sectional study. Journal Of Clinical Anesthesia 1996, 8: 508-514. PMID: 8872693, DOI: 10.1016/0952-8180(96)00115-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCross-sectional studyPrevious hospitalizationPreoperative preparation programChild's ageMultivariable regression analysisAnxiety responsesPediatric outpatientsElective surgeryIndependent predictorsChildren's HospitalOutpatient surgeryPreoperative preparationAge of childrenPreoperative programSurgeryOperating roomOverall anxietyAgeHospitalizationChildrenRegression analysisHospitalPredictorsAnxietyInterventionParental Presence during Induction of Anesthesia
Kain Z, Mayes L, Caramico L, Silver D, Spieker M, Nygren M, Anderson G, Rimar S. Parental Presence during Induction of Anesthesia. Anesthesiology 1996, 84: 1060-1067. PMID: 8623999, DOI: 10.1097/00000542-199605000-00007.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInduction of anesthesiaSerum cortisol concentrationsLow baseline levelsParental presencePhysiologic measuresBaseline levelsCortisol concentrationsPreoperative behavioral interventionsMultivariate linear regression analysisOutpatient surgeryIntervention groupLinear regression analysisControl groupParent-absent groupBaseline temperamentAnesthesiaBehavioral interventionsChild's ageSignificant differencesChildrenRegression analysisInterventionLow trait anxietyTrait anxietyAnxiety