2024
Predictors of unsuccessful tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Brazil: an analysis of 259,484 patient records
Ryuk D, Pelissari D, Alves K, Oliveira P, Castro M, Cohen T, Sanchez M, Menzies N. Predictors of unsuccessful tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Brazil: an analysis of 259,484 patient records. BMC Infectious Diseases 2024, 24: 531. PMID: 38802744, PMCID: PMC11129366, DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09417-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTreatment outcomesFactors associated with unsuccessful treatment outcomesHigher risk of poor treatment outcomeTB treatmentRisk of poor treatment outcomesUnsuccessful treatmentEffectiveness of TB treatmentAssociated with unsuccessful treatmentUnsuccessful treatment outcomesTuberculosis treatment outcomesDrug-susceptible TBHealth system levelMultivariate logistic regression modelService-related factorsTB drug resistanceComorbid health conditionsHealth-related behaviorsCategorizing treatment outcomesPatient-level factorsClinical examination resultsNational Disease Notification SystemPoor treatment outcomesDisease notification systemHIV infectionLogistic regression models
2023
Transmission modeling to infer tuberculosis incidence prevalence and mortality in settings with generalized HIV epidemics
Dodd P, Shaweno D, Ku C, Glaziou P, Pretorius C, Hayes R, MacPherson P, Cohen T, Ayles H. Transmission modeling to infer tuberculosis incidence prevalence and mortality in settings with generalized HIV epidemics. Nature Communications 2023, 14: 1639. PMID: 36964130, PMCID: PMC10037365, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37314-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigh HIV prevalence settingsEstimation of burdenHIV prevalence settingsGeneralized HIV epidemicsTB transmission modelAntiretroviral therapyTB infectionTB incidenceHIV prevalenceTB prevalencePrevalence settingsTB epidemicHIV epidemicHigh burdenBurden estimatesNotification dataAnnual riskSingle pathogenIntervention impactTherapy effectsTuberculosisPrevalenceEpidemicBurdenAfrican countriesEstimated rates of progression to tuberculosis disease for persons infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the United States
Ekramnia M, Li Y, Haddad M, Marks S, Kammerer J, Swartwood N, Cohen T, Miller J, Horsburgh C, Salomon J, Menzies N. Estimated rates of progression to tuberculosis disease for persons infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the United States. Epidemiology 2023, 35: 164-173. PMID: 38290139, PMCID: PMC10832387, DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001707.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInterferon-gamma release assayNational Health and Nutrition Examination SurveyHealth and Nutrition Examination SurveyUS-born statusNational TB Surveillance SystemReactivation TBNutrition Examination SurveyInterferon-gammaIGRA sensitivityTB surveillance systemProgression to tuberculosis diseaseNationally representative dataEnd-stage renal diseaseReactivation rateAmerican Community SurveyExamination SurveyPerson yearsRace-ethnicityUS populationTB ratesTB incidenceCommunity SurveyRepresentative dataSurveillance systemRelease assay
2022
Re-evaluating the health impact and cost-effectiveness of tuberculosis preventive treatment for modern HIV cohorts on antiretroviral therapy: a modelling analysis using data from Tanzania
Zhu J, Lyatuu G, Sudfeld CR, Kiravu A, Sando D, Machumi L, Minde J, Chisonjela F, Cohen T, Menzies NA. Re-evaluating the health impact and cost-effectiveness of tuberculosis preventive treatment for modern HIV cohorts on antiretroviral therapy: a modelling analysis using data from Tanzania. The Lancet Global Health 2022, 10: e1646-e1654. PMID: 36240830, PMCID: PMC9553191, DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00372-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAntitubercular AgentsCD4 Lymphocyte CountCost-Benefit AnalysisHIV InfectionsHumansIsoniazidTanzaniaTuberculosisConceptsIsoniazid preventive therapyCD4 cell countAntiretroviral therapyCell countART cohortAverage CD4 cell countHigher CD4 cell countsLarge HIV treatment programHealth impactsTuberculosis preventive treatmentHIV treatment programsLifetime costsIncremental lifetime costLifetime health benefitsCourse of infectionGreater health gainsLong-term healthART initiationTreat guidelinesHIV cohortPreventive therapyTuberculosis riskUS National InstitutesHIV programsSubgroup analysisNational survey in South Africa reveals high tuberculosis prevalence among previously treated people
Marx FM, Hesseling AC, Martinson N, Theron G, Cohen T. National survey in South Africa reveals high tuberculosis prevalence among previously treated people. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2022, 22: 1273. PMID: 36029778, DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(22)00494-7.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2021
Effectiveness of spatially targeted interventions for control of HIV, tuberculosis, leprosy and malaria: a systematic review
Khundi M, Carpenter JR, Nliwasa M, Cohen T, Corbett EL, MacPherson P. Effectiveness of spatially targeted interventions for control of HIV, tuberculosis, leprosy and malaria: a systematic review. BMJ Open 2021, 11: e044715. PMID: 34257091, PMCID: PMC8278879, DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044715.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSystematic reviewCommunity public health interventionsGlobal elimination targetsCommunity-based screeningControl of HIVMass drug administrationPublic health interventionsData extraction toolIndoor residual sprayingEvidence of effectWeb of ScienceCochrane DatabaseElimination targetsCommunity screeningInclusion criteriaDrug AdministrationHIVComplex interventionsHealth interventionsInfectious diseasesTuberculosisIntensive interventionIntervention impactMalaria studiesResidual spraying
2020
Evaluation of 6-Month Versus Continuous Isoniazid Preventive Therapy for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Adults Living With HIV/AIDS in Malawi.
Hsieh YL, Jahn A, Menzies NA, Yaesoubi R, Salomon JA, Girma B, Gunde L, Eaton JW, Auld A, Odo M, Kiyiika CN, Kalua T, Chiwandira B, Mpunga JU, Mbendra K, Corbett L, Hosseinipour MC, Cohen T, Kunkel A. Evaluation of 6-Month Versus Continuous Isoniazid Preventive Therapy for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Adults Living With HIV/AIDS in Malawi. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2020, 85: 643-650. PMID: 33177475, PMCID: PMC8564780, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002497.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAntitubercular AgentsDrug Administration ScheduleHIV InfectionsHumansIncidenceIsoniazidMalawiTuberculosis, PulmonaryConceptsIsoniazid preventive therapyIPT programIPT strategyPreventive therapyContinuous isoniazid preventive therapyMore TB casesHIV-positive adultsCases of tuberculosisAnticipated health effectsComparable health benefitsHIV/AIDSCause deathAntiretroviral therapyTB casesTB controlTB incidenceDrug costsMalawi MinistryMean reductionTuberculosisMycobacterium tuberculosisTherapyAnticipated health impactsHealth effectsHealth benefitsSmoking and HIV associated with subclinical tuberculosis: analysis of a population-based prevalence survey
Gunasekera K, Cohen T, Gao W, Ayles H, Godfrey-Faussett P, Claassens M. Smoking and HIV associated with subclinical tuberculosis: analysis of a population-based prevalence survey. The International Journal Of Tuberculosis And Lung Disease 2020, 24: 340-346. PMID: 32228765, DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.19.0387.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsActive TBPrevalence surveyPopulation-based prevalence surveyCurrent tobacco smokingTypical symptomsHIV-positive statusTuberculosis prevalence surveyPrevalence survey dataSubclinical tuberculosisPositive TBCrude prevalenceTobacco smokingEpidemiological burdenPrevalent casesReduction TrialSubclinical TBMedical variablesSecondary analysisEstimate associationsSouth African communitySymptomsHIVSmokingTuberculosisDiseaseYield, Efficiency, and Costs of Mass Screening Algorithms for Tuberculosis in Brazilian Prisons
da Silva Santos A, de Oliveira R, Lemos EF, Lima F, Cohen T, Cords O, Martinez L, Gonçalves C, Ko A, Andrews JR, Croda J. Yield, Efficiency, and Costs of Mass Screening Algorithms for Tuberculosis in Brazilian Prisons. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2020, 72: 771-777. PMID: 32064514, PMCID: PMC7935388, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa135.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsXpert MTB/RIFMTB/RIFChest radiographySputum Xpert MTB/RIFHigh TB burden countriesFourth-generation assaysScreening algorithmTB burden countriesSputum testingTB casesTB screeningBurden countriesProspective studySputum testSymptom assessmentChest radiographsScreening testPositivity thresholdMass screeningTuberculosisMore casesDiagnostic algorithmDiagnostic testsMajor causeScreening strategy
2019
Cost‐effectiveness of expanding the capacity of opioid agonist treatment in Ukraine: dynamic modeling analysis
Morozova O, Crawford FW, Cohen T, Paltiel AD, Altice FL. Cost‐effectiveness of expanding the capacity of opioid agonist treatment in Ukraine: dynamic modeling analysis. Addiction 2019, 115: 437-450. PMID: 31478285, PMCID: PMC7015766, DOI: 10.1111/add.14797.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsOpioid agonist treatmentOpioid use disorderOAT coverageAgonist treatmentGross domestic productOpioid use initiationOpioid addiction epidemicOAT accessHIV epidemicUse disordersAddiction epidemicCapita gross domestic productPay thresholdsTreatment demandUse initiationAddiction treatmentIncremental costBaseline capacityTreatmentPotential peer effectsDomestic productTreatment spilloversEpidemicPeer effectsCoverage levelsNotification of relapse and other previously treated tuberculosis in the 52 health districts of South Africa
Marx F, Cohen T, Lombard C, Hesseling A, Dlamini S, Beyers N, Naidoo P. Notification of relapse and other previously treated tuberculosis in the 52 health districts of South Africa. The International Journal Of Tuberculosis And Lung Disease 2019, 23: 891-899. PMID: 31533878, DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.18.0609.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSouth African health districtTB casesCase notification ratesHealth districtTB burdenNotification ratesHigh case notification ratesHIV co-infection rateHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalenceTB case notification ratesAntenatal HIV prevalenceSecondary preventive therapyDrug-susceptible tuberculosisNew TB casesCo-infection rateTreatment history informationPreventive therapyMultivariable analysisHIV prevalenceSouth African districtPatient categoriesRelapseTuberculosisTreatment monitoringVirus prevalence
2018
Trends in C-Reactive Protein, D-Dimer, and Fibrinogen during Therapy for HIV-Associated Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis.
Cudahy PGT, Warren JL, Cohen T, Wilson D. Trends in C-Reactive Protein, D-Dimer, and Fibrinogen during Therapy for HIV-Associated Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis. American Journal Of Tropical Medicine And Hygiene 2018, 99: 1336-1341. PMID: 30226135, PMCID: PMC6221241, DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0322.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsC-reactive proteinMulti-drug resistant tuberculosisD-dimerMedian C-reactive proteinSerum C-reactive proteinHigher baseline fibrinogenMDR-TB therapyHIV-positive adultsDrug-resistant tuberculosisHIV-positive participantsHigher CRP concentrationsEarly treatment modificationBaseline fibrinogenTreatment initiationResistant tuberculosisCRP concentrationsTreatment modificationTreatment outcomesTreatment responseHigh riskHigh mortalityNormal levelsOlder ageEarly responseFibrinogenTuberculosis control interventions targeted to previously treated people in a high-incidence setting: a modelling study
Marx FM, Yaesoubi R, Menzies NA, Salomon JA, Bilinski A, Beyers N, Cohen T. Tuberculosis control interventions targeted to previously treated people in a high-incidence setting: a modelling study. The Lancet Global Health 2018, 6: e426-e435. PMID: 29472018, PMCID: PMC5849574, DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(18)30022-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigh-incidence settingsIsoniazid preventive therapyPreventive therapyTuberculosis treatmentActive casesHIV prevalenceTuberculosis controlControl interventionsIncident tuberculosis casesPrevious tuberculosis treatmentTuberculosis control interventionsTB case notificationHigh-risk groupTransmission dynamic modelTuberculosis deathsHigh tuberculosisRecurrent diseasePrevalent tuberculosisTuberculosis casesTuberculosis incidenceCase notificationTreatment outcomesTuberculosis morbidityTuberculosis epidemicAdditional interventions
2016
Benefits of continuous isoniazid preventive therapy may outweigh resistance risks in a declining tuberculosis/HIV coepidemic
Kunkel A, Crawford FW, Shepherd J, Cohen T. Benefits of continuous isoniazid preventive therapy may outweigh resistance risks in a declining tuberculosis/HIV coepidemic. AIDS 2016, 30: 2715-2723. PMID: 27782966, PMCID: PMC5089846, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000001235.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsContinuous isoniazid preventive therapyIsoniazid preventive therapyIsoniazid-resistant tuberculosisTB epidemicPreventive therapyEffective TB treatmentLatent TB infectionTB drug resistanceTransmission dynamic modelTB infectionMortality benefitTB treatmentHIV controlHIV incidenceTB incidenceTB transmissionCase findingDrug resistanceIncidenceTuberculosisInitial benefitPLHIVHIVTherapyEpidemicGenomic diversity in autopsy samples reveals within-host dissemination of HIV-associated Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Lieberman TD, Wilson D, Misra R, Xiong LL, Moodley P, Cohen T, Kishony R. Genomic diversity in autopsy samples reveals within-host dissemination of HIV-associated Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nature Medicine 2016, 22: 1470-1474. PMID: 27798613, PMCID: PMC5508070, DOI: 10.1038/nm.4205.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAutopsyBacteriological TechniquesCoinfectionDNA, BacterialFemaleGenetic VariationHIV InfectionsHumansLiverLungLymph NodesMaleMiddle AgedMycobacterium tuberculosisPhylogenyPolymorphism, Single NucleotideSouth AfricaSpleenTuberculosisTuberculosis, HepaticTuberculosis, Lymph NodeTuberculosis, PulmonaryTuberculosis, SplenicFeasibility of achieving the 2025 WHO global tuberculosis targets in South Africa, China, and India: a combined analysis of 11 mathematical models
Houben RMGJ, Menzies NA, Sumner T, Huynh GH, Arinaminpathy N, Goldhaber-Fiebert JD, Lin HH, Wu CY, Mandal S, Pandey S, Suen SC, Bendavid E, Azman AS, Dowdy DW, Bacaër N, Rhines AS, Feldman MW, Handel A, Whalen CC, Chang ST, Wagner BG, Eckhoff PA, Trauer JM, Denholm JT, McBryde ES, Cohen T, Salomon JA, Pretorius C, Lalli M, Eaton JW, Boccia D, Hosseini M, Gomez GB, Sahu S, Daniels C, Ditiu L, Chin DP, Wang L, Chadha VK, Rade K, Dewan P, Hippner P, Charalambous S, Grant AD, Churchyard G, Pillay Y, Mametja LD, Kimerling ME, Vassall A, White RG. Feasibility of achieving the 2025 WHO global tuberculosis targets in South Africa, China, and India: a combined analysis of 11 mathematical models. The Lancet Global Health 2016, 4: e806-e815. PMID: 27720688, PMCID: PMC6375908, DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(16)30199-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEnd TB Strategy targetsPreventive therapyTuberculosis incidenceContinuous isoniazid preventive therapyGlobal tuberculosis targetsIsoniazid preventive therapySymptoms of tuberculosisActive case findingNational Tuberculosis ProgrammeEnd TB StrategyHigh-burden countriesAntiretroviral therapyLatent tuberculosisStrategy targetsTuberculosis burdenTuberculosis careTuberculosis ProgrammeTB StrategyTuberculosis transmissionHealth centersAdditional interventionsTuberculosis interventionsCase findingTuberculosis epidemiologyEpidemiological impactHigh burden of prevalent tuberculosis among previously treated people in Southern Africa suggests potential for targeted control interventions
Marx FM, Floyd S, Ayles H, Godfrey-Faussett P, Beyers N, Cohen T. High burden of prevalent tuberculosis among previously treated people in Southern Africa suggests potential for targeted control interventions. European Respiratory Journal 2016, 48: 1227-1230. PMID: 27390274, PMCID: PMC5512114, DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00716-2016.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigh-burden settingsHigh TB prevalenceRecurrent tuberculosisExogenous reinfectionPrevalent tuberculosisTB prevalenceSuccessful treatmentHigh burdenImportant underlying mechanismHigh riskHigh incidenceControl interventionsTargeted interventionsTuberculosisUnderlying mechanismOne-thirdInterventionBurdenCape TownIndividualsReinfectionPrevalenceIncidenceDiseaseSettingAssessing the utility of Xpert® MTB/RIF as a screening tool for patients admitted to medical wards in South Africa
Heidebrecht CL, Podewils LJ, Pym AS, Cohen T, Mthiyane T, Wilson D. Assessing the utility of Xpert® MTB/RIF as a screening tool for patients admitted to medical wards in South Africa. Scientific Reports 2016, 6: 19391. PMID: 26786396, PMCID: PMC4726405, DOI: 10.1038/srep19391.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCoinfectionDrug Resistance, BacterialFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansMaleMass ScreeningMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMiddle AgedMycobacterium tuberculosisNucleic Acid Amplification TechniquesReproducibility of ResultsRifampinSouth AfricaTuberculosis, Multidrug-ResistantYoung AdultConceptsChest X-rayMTB/RIFMedical wardsScreening toolAdditional TB casesInfection control actionsUtility of GeneXpertTB/HIVConsecutive adult patientsProportion of patientsRifampicin-resistant tuberculosisDrug-resistant tuberculosisLarge public hospitalTB diseaseAdult patientsStandard careTB casesTB screeningMedical admissionsMedical chartsHospital inpatientsSputum specimensGeneXpertPatientsRifampicin resistanceWithin-Host Heterogeneity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection Is Associated With Poor Early Treatment Response: A Prospective Cohort Study
Cohen T, Chindelevitch L, Misra R, Kempner ME, Galea J, Moodley P, Wilson D. Within-Host Heterogeneity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection Is Associated With Poor Early Treatment Response: A Prospective Cohort Study. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2016, 213: 1796-1799. PMID: 26768249, PMCID: PMC4857469, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiw014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMonths of treatmentMycobacterium tuberculosis infectionTuberculosis infectionTreatment responsePoor early treatment responseProspective cohort studyInitiation of treatmentM. tuberculosis infectionRepetitive units-variable numberEarly treatment responsePersistent culture positivityCohort studyClinical managementCulture positivityHigher oddsInfectionTuberculosisPrevalenceTreatmentMonthsResponsePatientsKwaZulu-NatalHost heterogeneityPositivity
2015
HIV burden in men who have sex with men: a prospective cohort study 2007–2012
Jia Z, Huang X, Wu H, Zhang T, Li N, Ding P, Sun Y, Liu Z, Wei F, Zhang H, Jiao Y, Ji Y, Zhang Y, Guo C, Li W, Mou D, Xia W, Li Z, Chen D, Yan H, Chen X, Zhao J, Meyers K, Cohen T, Mayer K, Salomon JA, Lu Z, Dye C. HIV burden in men who have sex with men: a prospective cohort study 2007–2012. Scientific Reports 2015, 5: 11205. PMID: 26135810, PMCID: PMC5393284, DOI: 10.1038/srep11205.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV infectionHIV-negative MSMProspective cohort studyHIV incidence ratesIntensive preventive interventionIncident HIVCohort studyHIV burdenHIV incidenceIncident casesRisk factorsIncidence rateEarly treatmentPrevalent casesChinese MSMHIVPreventive interventionsInfectionMSMFollowPerfect complianceMenEnrollmentSyphilisCohort