2020
Massively parallel discovery of human-specific substitutions that alter enhancer activity
Uebbing S, Gockley J, Reilly SK, Kocher AA, Geller E, Gandotra N, Scharfe C, Cotney J, Noonan JP. Massively parallel discovery of human-specific substitutions that alter enhancer activity. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2020, 118: e2007049118. PMID: 33372131, PMCID: PMC7812811, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2007049118.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBiological EvolutionEnhancer Elements, GeneticGenome, HumanHumansNeocortexNeural Stem CellsPan troglodytesTranscription FactorsConceptsHuman-specific substitutionsHuman-gained enhancersGenetic changesEnhancer functionEnhancer activityHuman-specific genetic changesHuman evolutionGene regulatory elementsBackground genetic variationAncestral functionRegulatory evolutionEnhancer assaysGenetic variationRegulatory elementsNeural stem cellsHuman traitsNovel activityNonadditive wayRegulatory activityStem cellsFunctional impactDifferential activityParallel discoveryEnhancerEvolution
2016
Origin and evolution of developmental enhancers in the mammalian neocortex
Emera D, Yin J, Reilly SK, Gockley J, Noonan JP. Origin and evolution of developmental enhancers in the mammalian neocortex. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2016, 113: e2617-e2626. PMID: 27114548, PMCID: PMC4868431, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1603718113.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRegulatory elementsDe novo birthMammalian stem lineageNovel regulatory sequencesWeak evolutionary constraintsMammalian neocortexBackground genomic sequencesDevelopmental enhancersEvolutionary constraintsMorphological innovationsStem lineageEutherian mammalsGenomic sequencesRegulatory sequencesPhylogenetic originComplex enhancerCell signalingGenomic backgroundMouse corticogenesisCell migrationMammalsMammalian forebrainEnhancerGenesLife cycle
2015
The autism-associated chromatin modifier CHD8 regulates other autism risk genes during human neurodevelopment
Cotney J, Muhle RA, Sanders SJ, Liu L, Willsey AJ, Niu W, Liu W, Klei L, Lei J, Yin J, Reilly SK, Tebbenkamp AT, Bichsel C, Pletikos M, Sestan N, Roeder K, State MW, Devlin B, Noonan JP. The autism-associated chromatin modifier CHD8 regulates other autism risk genes during human neurodevelopment. Nature Communications 2015, 6: 6404. PMID: 25752243, PMCID: PMC4355952, DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7404.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsASD risk genesRisk genesRegulatory networksAncient gene regulatory networksHuman neural stem cellsLoss of CHD8Specific regulatory networksGene regulatory networksCo-expression networkAutism risk genesEmbryonic mouse cortexChromatin modifiersIdentification of recurrentChromodomain-HelicaseChd8 knockdownNeural stem cellsMouse neurodevelopmentCHD8Human brain developmentFunction mutationsGenesStem cellsHuman neurodevelopmentNovo lossBrain development
2008
Human-Specific Gain of Function in a Developmental Enhancer
Prabhakar S, Visel A, Akiyama JA, Shoukry M, Lewis KD, Holt A, Plajzer-Frick I, Morrison H, FitzPatrick DR, Afzal V, Pennacchio LA, Rubin EM, Noonan JP. Human-Specific Gain of Function in a Developmental Enhancer. Science 2008, 321: 1346-1350. PMID: 18772437, PMCID: PMC2658639, DOI: 10.1126/science.1159974.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBase SequenceBinding SitesBody PatterningConserved SequenceEmbryonic DevelopmentEnhancer Elements, GeneticEvolution, MolecularExtremitiesGene Expression ProfilingGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalHumansLimb BudsMacaca mulattaMiceMice, TransgenicMolecular Sequence DataMutationPan troglodytesPAX9 Transcription FactorSelection, GeneticTranscription FactorsConceptsExpression domainsHuman-specific substitutionsHuman-specific gainsGain of functionOrthologous elementsDevelopmental enhancersAncestral stateGene regulationNoncoding sequencesTerrestrial vertebratesHuman enhancersSynthetic enhancersEnhancer sequencesGene expressionRegulatory functionsDevelopmental stagesVivo analysisEnhancerVivo evidenceTransgenic miceSequenceVertebratesDomainRegulationSubstitution