2024
Diagnostic testing preferences can help inform future public health response efforts: Global insights from an international survey
Salzano L, Narayanan N, Tobik E, Akbarzada S, Wu Y, Megiel S, Choate B, Wyllie A. Diagnostic testing preferences can help inform future public health response efforts: Global insights from an international survey. PLOS Global Public Health 2024, 4: e0003547. PMID: 39078819, PMCID: PMC11288416, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003547.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPublic health response effortsTest preferenceSurvey responsesResponse effortsInternational surveySARS-CoV-2Healthcare worker-collected samplingSARS-CoV-2 testingOral swabsHealthcare workersQualtrics surveySaliva-based testRank sum analysisSurveillance testing programDemographic dataBachelor's degreeHealthcareInfluence willingnessGraduate degreeSurveyIncreased utilizationDiagnostic testsSampling methodPersonal experiencePCR test
2023
881. Saliva-Based, Extraction-Free PCR Testing For The Detection Of Key Respiratory Pathogens
Allicock O, Lin T, Fajardo K, Yolda-Carr D, Hislop M, Wang J, Zuniga D, Platt W, Tuohy B, Peno C, Wyllie A. 881. Saliva-Based, Extraction-Free PCR Testing For The Detection Of Key Respiratory Pathogens. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2023, 10: ofad500.926. PMCID: PMC10677551, DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad500.926.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSARS-CoV-2Saliva samplesRespiratory virusesRespiratory pathogensSARS-CoV-2 PCR testInfluenza A/BSARS-CoV-2 testingUpper respiratory tract pathogensAdditional respiratory virusesDetection of hMPVMass testing strategyPCR testCommon respiratory virusesCommon respiratory pathogensRespiratory tract pathogensKey respiratory pathogensYears of ageSARS-CoV-2 detectionGrant/research supportTransmissible infectious diseasesUse of salivaYale HealthRespiratory symptomsInfluenza B.Nasopharyngeal swabs649. Expansion Of A Low-Cost, Open-Source, Saliva-Based PCR Test For The Detection Of Mpox Virus
Thomas R, Yolda-Carr D, Steel S, Tobik E, Zepeda T, Brownlee M, Saladi S, Parkin J, Fajardo K, Allicock O, Wyllie A. 649. Expansion Of A Low-Cost, Open-Source, Saliva-Based PCR Test For The Detection Of Mpox Virus. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2023, 10: ofad500.712. PMCID: PMC10677374, DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad500.712.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchThe potential of saliva as an accessible and sensitive sample type for the detection of respiratory pathogens and host immunity
Laxton C, Peno C, Hahn A, Allicock O, Perniciaro S, Wyllie A. The potential of saliva as an accessible and sensitive sample type for the detection of respiratory pathogens and host immunity. The Lancet Microbe 2023, 4: e837-e850. PMID: 37516121, DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(23)00135-0.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsSARS-CoV-2Respiratory pathogensPotential of salivaUsefulness of salivaUse of salivaRespiratory specimenRespiratory secretionsDisease burdenImmunological componentsImmunity surveillanceClinical utilityHost immunityClinical useDiagnostic testsNon-invasive natureSalivaCOVID-19 pandemicSample typesMethodological factorsPathogensImmunitySecretionMethod versatility in RNA extraction-free PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva samples
Allicock O, Yolda-Carr D, Earnest R, Breban M, Vega N, Ott I, Kalinich C, Alpert T, Petrone M, Wyllie A. Method versatility in RNA extraction-free PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva samples. Progress In Biophysics And Molecular Biology 2023, 182: 103-108. PMID: 37369293, PMCID: PMC10290768, DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.06.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPooled RNA-extraction-free testing of saliva for the detection of SARS-CoV-2
Allicock O, Yolda-Carr D, Todd J, Wyllie A. Pooled RNA-extraction-free testing of saliva for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. Scientific Reports 2023, 13: 7426. PMID: 37156888, PMCID: PMC10165292, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34662-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSARS-CoV-2RT-qPCR assaysSARS-CoV-2 testingVirus-infected individualsAged care facilitiesSelf-collected salivaSARS-CoV-2 spreadActionable time frameAsymptomatic individualsTest turnaround timeHealthcare workersGeneral populationCare facilitiesTest availabilityWeekly testingFree testingClinical salivaPositive agreementClinical laboratoriesSalivaCT valuesSuch testingTesting workflowIndividual testingTesting protocolRoutine saliva testing for SARS-CoV-2 in children: Methods for partnering with community childcare centers
Rayack E, Askari H, Zirinsky E, Lapidus S, Sheikha H, Peno C, Kazemi Y, Yolda-Carr D, Liu C, Grubaugh N, Ko A, Wyllie A, Spatz E, Oliveira C, Bei A. Routine saliva testing for SARS-CoV-2 in children: Methods for partnering with community childcare centers. Frontiers In Public Health 2023, 11: 1003158. PMID: 36817891, PMCID: PMC9936085, DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1003158.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsParents/guardiansOnline patient portalYounger age groupsSARS-CoV-2Age groupsSurveillance programSaliva collectionSARS-CoV-2 testingSARS-CoV-2 screeningWeekly saliva samplesRT-PCR testingChildcare centre staffCritical age groupRoutine surveillance toolRoutine testing programsChildcare centersCOVID-19 transmissionAsymptomatic screeningSaliva collection methodNasal swabsPatient portalsSymptomatic testingPublic health dataSaliva samplesChildcare facilities
2022
Association of Upper Respiratory Streptococcus pneumoniae Colonization With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection Among Adults
Parker A, Jackson N, Awasthi S, Kim H, Alwan T, Wyllie A, Baldwin A, Brennick N, Moehle E, Giannikopoulos P, Kogut K, Holland N, Mora-Wyrobek A, Eskenazi B, Riley L, Lewnard J. Association of Upper Respiratory Streptococcus pneumoniae Colonization With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection Among Adults. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2022, 76: 1209-1217. PMID: 36401872, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac907.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSARS-CoV-2 infectionSARS-CoV-2Upper airwayAcute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infectionSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infectionSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Syndrome coronavirus 2 infectionAcute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2SARS-CoV-2 molecular testingCoronavirus 2 infectionStreptococcus pneumoniae colonizationViral respiratory pathogensSyndrome coronavirus 2Conditional logistic regressionWorking-age adultsQuantitative polymerase chain reactionPneumococcal carriersPneumococcal carriagePneumoniae colonizationOutpatient clinicCoronavirus 2Polymerase chain reactionRespiratory pathogensSaliva specimensDetection of pneumococcus during hospitalization for SARS-CoV-2
Stahlfeld A, Glick L, Ott I, Craft S, Yolda-Carr D, Harden C, Nakahata M, Farhadian S, Grant L, Alexander-Parrish R, Arguedas A, Gessner B, Weinberger D, Wyllie A. Detection of pneumococcus during hospitalization for SARS-CoV-2. FEMS Microbes 2022, 3: xtac026. PMID: 37332510, PMCID: PMC10117745, DOI: 10.1093/femsmc/xtac026.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchLower respiratory tract infectionsUrine antigen detectionPneumococcal lower respiratory tract infectionSARS-CoV-2COVID-19 severityDetection of pneumococciRespiratory infectionsSerious COVID-19 outcomesSARS-CoV-2 coinfectionYale-New Haven HospitalViral respiratory infectionsCOVID-19 inpatientsModerate COVID-19Respiratory tract infectionsSevere pneumococcal infectionRT-qPCRRole of coinfectionCOVID-19 outcomesEarly pandemic periodCOVID-19ICU stayPneumococcal coinfectionPneumococcal infectionTract infectionsMedian ageEvaluation of the Liberty16 Mobile Real Time PCR Device for Use With the SalivaDirect Assay for SARS-CoV-2 Testing
Yolda-Carr D, Thammavongsa DA, Vega N, Turner SJ, Pickering PJ, Wyllie AL. Evaluation of the Liberty16 Mobile Real Time PCR Device for Use With the SalivaDirect Assay for SARS-CoV-2 Testing. Frontiers In Cellular And Infection Microbiology 2022, 11: 808773. PMID: 35118013, PMCID: PMC8804088, DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.808773.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLimit of detectionReal-time PCR deviceSARS-CoV-2 testingSmall portable devicesPCR devicePortable devicesSARS-CoV-2 detectionHigh sensitivitySARS-CoV-2 RNADevicesInfectious respiratory diseaseSARS-CoV-2Low-resource settingsRespiratory diseaseImplementation of testingFurther optimizationSaliva samplesProtocolGold standardRT-qPCRTimely accessCOVID-19 pandemicDetectionLOD rangeSensitivitySequencing SARS-CoV-2 genomes from saliva
Alpert T, Vogels CBF, Breban MI, Petrone ME, Wyllie A, Grubaugh N, Fauver J. Sequencing SARS-CoV-2 genomes from saliva. Virus Evolution 2022, 8: veab098. PMID: 35542310, PMCID: PMC9074962, DOI: 10.1093/ve/veab098.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2021
362. Saliva as a Reliable Sample Type for Mass SARS-CoV-2 Testing Strategies
Wyllie A, Vogels C, Allicock O, Watkins A, Petrone M, Yolda-Carr D, Harden C, Brackney D, Kalinich C, Breban M, Ott I, Sikka R, Kadiri L, Grubaugh N. 362. Saliva as a Reliable Sample Type for Mass SARS-CoV-2 Testing Strategies. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2021, 8: 284-284. PMCID: PMC8644416, DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab466.563.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSARS-CoV-2Implementation of a pooled surveillance testing program for asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections in K-12 schools and universities
Mendoza RP, Bi C, Cheng HT, Gabutan E, Pagapas G, Khan N, Hoxie H, Hanna S, Holmes K, Gao N, Lewis R, Wang H, Neumann D, Chan A, Takizawa M, Lowe J, Chen X, Kelly B, Asif A, Barnes K, Khan N, May B, Chowdhury T, Pollonini G, Gouda N, Guy C, Gordon C, Ayoluwa N, Colon E, Miller-Medzon N, Jones S, Hossain R, Dodson A, Weng M, McGaskey M, Vasileva A, Lincoln AE, Sikka R, Wyllie AL, Berke EM, Libien J, Pincus M, Premsrirut PK. Implementation of a pooled surveillance testing program for asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections in K-12 schools and universities. EClinicalMedicine 2021, 38: 101028. PMID: 34308321, PMCID: PMC8286123, DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101028.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSARS-CoV-2School transmissionAsymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infectionRoutine COVID-19 testingSARS-CoV-2 infectionOverall viral burdenCOVID-19 testingViral burdenNasopharyngeal swabsSaliva specimensPrevention protocolsPCR testingKappa agreementWeekly testingCost-effective strategyPooled testingSaliva analysisMolecular assaysSurveillance methodsSafety protocolsDescriptive statisticsSchool closuresTestingStrong evidenceInfectionEvidence for SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in the Urine of COVID-19 Patients
George S, Pal AC, Gagnon J, Timalsina S, Singh P, Vydyam P, Munshi M, Chiu JE, Renard I, Harden CA, Ott IM, Watkins AE, Vogels CBF, Lu P, Tokuyama M, Venkataraman A, Casanovas-Massana A, Wyllie AL, Rao V, Campbell M, Farhadian SF, Grubaugh ND, Dela Cruz CS, Ko AI, Perez A, Akaho EH, Moledina DG, Testani J, John AR, Ledizet M, Mamoun CB, Team A. Evidence for SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in the Urine of COVID-19 Patients. Kidney360 2021, 2: 924-936. PMID: 35373072, PMCID: PMC8791366, DOI: 10.34067/kid.0002172021.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSARS-CoV-2 spike proteinSARS-CoV-2Spike proteinUrine samplesSARS-CoV-2 infectionYale-New Haven HospitalCOVID-19 patientsAntigen capture assayDetectable viral RNANew Haven HospitalPositive PCR resultsPossible long-term consequencesSpike S1 proteinNP PCRChildren's HospitalNasopharyngeal swabsSARS-CoV-2 spike S1 proteinRenal abnormalitiesLong-term effectsCystatin CLong-term consequencesHospitalUrineViral RNAAlbuminuriaDiverse functional autoantibodies in patients with COVID-19
Wang EY, Mao T, Klein J, Dai Y, Huck JD, Jaycox JR, Liu F, Zhou T, Israelow B, Wong P, Coppi A, Lucas C, Silva J, Oh JE, Song E, Perotti ES, Zheng NS, Fischer S, Campbell M, Fournier JB, Wyllie AL, Vogels CBF, Ott IM, Kalinich CC, Petrone ME, Watkins AE, Dela Cruz C, Farhadian S, Schulz W, Ma S, Grubaugh N, Ko A, Iwasaki A, Ring A. Diverse functional autoantibodies in patients with COVID-19. Nature 2021, 595: 283-288. PMID: 34010947, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03631-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPeripheral immune cell compositionSARS-CoV-2 infectionCOVID-19Effects of autoantibodiesTissue-associated antigensSpecific clinical characteristicsInnate immune activationImmune cell compositionCOVID-19 exhibitCOVID-19 manifestsAnalysis of autoantibodiesSARS-CoV-2Functional autoantibodiesMouse surrogateClinical characteristicsVirological controlClinical outcomesImmune activationMild diseaseAsymptomatic infectionAutoantibody reactivityDisease progressionHealthcare workersHigh prevalenceAutoantibodiesTracking smell loss to identify healthcare workers with SARS-CoV-2 infection
Weiss JJ, Attuquayefio TN, White EB, Li F, Herz RS, White TL, Campbell M, Geng B, Datta R, Wyllie AL, Grubaugh ND, Casanovas-Massana A, Muenker MC, Moore AJ, Handoko R, Iwasaki A, Martinello RA, Ko AI, Small DM, Farhadian SF, Team T. Tracking smell loss to identify healthcare workers with SARS-CoV-2 infection. PLOS ONE 2021, 16: e0248025. PMID: 33657167, PMCID: PMC7928484, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248025.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSARS-CoV-2 infectionSARS-CoV-2 positive healthcare workersSmell lossHealthcare workersHome assessmentNeurological symptomsPositive SARS-CoV-2 testSARS-CoV-2 test positivitySARS-CoV-2 testPolymerase chain reaction testingReal-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction testingQuantitative polymerase chain reaction testingCOVID-19 patientsHigh-risk groupHigh-risk individualsSARS-CoV-2Self-reported changesProspective studyTest positivityAsymptomatic infectionSymptom SurveyVulnerable patientsHigh riskPositive testRisk individuals
2020
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by multiplex RT-qPCR
Kudo E, Israelow B, Vogels CBF, Lu P, Wyllie AL, Tokuyama M, Venkataraman A, Brackney DE, Ott IM, Petrone ME, Earnest R, Lapidus S, Muenker MC, Moore AJ, Casanovas-Massana A, Team Y, Omer SB, Dela Cruz CS, Farhadian SF, Ko AI, Grubaugh ND, Iwasaki A. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by multiplex RT-qPCR. PLOS Biology 2020, 18: e3000867. PMID: 33027248, PMCID: PMC7571696, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000867.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsBetacoronavirusCase-Control StudiesClinical Laboratory TechniquesCoronavirus InfectionsCOVID-19COVID-19 TestingDNA PrimersHEK293 CellsHumansLimit of DetectionMultiplex Polymerase Chain ReactionNasopharynxPandemicsPneumonia, ViralReagent Kits, DiagnosticReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRNA, ViralSARS-CoV-2United StatesConceptsSARS-CoV-2 RNAMultiplex RT-qPCRRT-qPCRSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testingSARS-CoV-2Quantitative reverse transcription PCRCycle threshold valuesReverse transcription-PCRRT-qPCR assaysDisease controlMultiplex RT-qPCR assayTranscription-PCRAssaysSingle assayLow copy numberSaliva or Nasopharyngeal Swab Specimens for Detection of SARS-CoV-2
Wyllie AL, Fournier J, Casanovas-Massana A, Campbell M, Tokuyama M, Vijayakumar P, Warren JL, Geng B, Muenker MC, Moore AJ, Vogels CBF, Petrone ME, Ott IM, Lu P, Venkataraman A, Lu-Culligan A, Klein J, Earnest R, Simonov M, Datta R, Handoko R, Naushad N, Sewanan LR, Valdez J, White EB, Lapidus S, Kalinich CC, Jiang X, Kim DJ, Kudo E, Linehan M, Mao T, Moriyama M, Oh JE, Park A, Silva J, Song E, Takahashi T, Taura M, Weizman OE, Wong P, Yang Y, Bermejo S, Odio CD, Omer SB, Dela Cruz CS, Farhadian S, Martinello RA, Iwasaki A, Grubaugh ND, Ko AI. Saliva or Nasopharyngeal Swab Specimens for Detection of SARS-CoV-2. New England Journal Of Medicine 2020, 383: 1283-1286. PMID: 32857487, PMCID: PMC7484747, DOI: 10.1056/nejmc2016359.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAnalytical sensitivity and efficiency comparisons of SARS-CoV-2 RT–qPCR primer–probe sets
Vogels CBF, Brito AF, Wyllie AL, Fauver JR, Ott IM, Kalinich CC, Petrone ME, Casanovas-Massana A, Catherine Muenker M, Moore AJ, Klein J, Lu P, Lu-Culligan A, Jiang X, Kim DJ, Kudo E, Mao T, Moriyama M, Oh JE, Park A, Silva J, Song E, Takahashi T, Taura M, Tokuyama M, Venkataraman A, Weizman OE, Wong P, Yang Y, Cheemarla NR, White EB, Lapidus S, Earnest R, Geng B, Vijayakumar P, Odio C, Fournier J, Bermejo S, Farhadian S, Dela Cruz CS, Iwasaki A, Ko AI, Landry ML, Foxman EF, Grubaugh ND. Analytical sensitivity and efficiency comparisons of SARS-CoV-2 RT–qPCR primer–probe sets. Nature Microbiology 2020, 5: 1299-1305. PMID: 32651556, PMCID: PMC9241364, DOI: 10.1038/s41564-020-0761-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSARS-CoV-2SARS-CoV-2 RTSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirusAcute respiratory syndrome coronavirusViral RNA copiesPublic health laboratoriesPublic health interventionsReverse transcription-PCR assaySARS-CoV-2 diagnostic testingDiagnostic assaysTranscription-PCR assaySARS-CoV-2 evolutionQuantitative reverse transcription-PCR assaysRapid diagnostic assaysHealth laboratoriesHealth interventionsDiagnostic testingRNA copiesPrimer-probe setsAssaysLow sensitivityCritical needAnalytical sensitivityAcute encephalopathy with elevated CSF inflammatory markers as the initial presentation of COVID-19
Farhadian S, Glick LR, Vogels CBF, Thomas J, Chiarella J, Casanovas-Massana A, Zhou J, Odio C, Vijayakumar P, Geng B, Fournier J, Bermejo S, Fauver JR, Alpert T, Wyllie AL, Turcotte C, Steinle M, Paczkowski P, Dela Cruz C, Wilen C, Ko AI, MacKay S, Grubaugh ND, Spudich S, Barakat LA. Acute encephalopathy with elevated CSF inflammatory markers as the initial presentation of COVID-19. BMC Neurology 2020, 20: 248. PMID: 32552792, PMCID: PMC7301053, DOI: 10.1186/s12883-020-01812-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInitial presentationCentral nervous system inflammationSARS-CoV-2 infectionCSF inflammatory markersNervous system inflammationCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokinesSeizure-like activityCOVID-19 infectionVirus SARS-CoV-2COVID-19SARS-CoV-2BackgroundCOVID-19Inflammatory markersNeurologic complicationsSystem inflammationImmunocompromised womanNeurologic manifestationsNeurologic symptomsViral neuroinvasionCase presentationWeInfected patientsMental statusRespiratory pathogensConclusionOur findingsInflammation