2024
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Age-Specific All-Cause Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Faust J, Renton B, Bongiovanni T, Chen A, Sheares K, Du C, Essien U, Fuentes-Afflick E, Haywood T, Khera R, King T, Li S, Lin Z, Lu Y, Marshall A, Ndumele C, Opara I, Loarte-Rodriguez T, Sawano M, Taparra K, Taylor H, Watson K, Yancy C, Krumholz H. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Age-Specific All-Cause Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2438918. PMID: 39392630, PMCID: PMC11581672, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38918.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCOVID-19 public health emergencyNon-HispanicPublic health emergencyOther Pacific IslanderExcess mortalityAlaska NativesUS populationExcess deathsRates of excess mortalityCross-sectional study analyzed dataYears of potential lifeMortality relative riskNon-Hispanic whitesCross-sectional studyPacific IslandersStudy analyzed dataAll-cause mortalityEthnic groupsMortality disparitiesMortality ratioTotal populationDeath certificatesEthnic disparitiesMain OutcomesDecedent ageUse of electronic health records to characterize patients with uncontrolled hypertension in two large health system networks
Lu Y, Keeley E, Barrette E, Cooper-DeHoff R, Dhruva S, Gaffney J, Gamble G, Handke B, Huang C, Krumholz H, McDonough C, Schulz W, Shaw K, Smith M, Woodard J, Young P, Ervin K, Ross J. Use of electronic health records to characterize patients with uncontrolled hypertension in two large health system networks. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders 2024, 24: 497. PMID: 39289597, PMCID: PMC11409735, DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-04161-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsElectronic health recordsHealth recordsHealth systemUncontrolled hypertensionUse of electronic health recordsHypertension managementElectronic health record systemsOneFlorida Clinical Research ConsortiumElectronic health record dataYale New Haven Health SystemBP measurementsICD-10-CM codesHealth system networkPublic health priorityICD-10-CMIncidence rate of deathElevated BP measurementsElevated blood pressure measurementsHealthcare visitsAmbulatory careHealth priorityRetrospective cohort studyEHR dataOneFloridaBlood pressure measurementsCause-Specific Mortality Rates Among the US Black Population
Arun A, Caraballo C, Sawano M, Lu Y, Khera R, Yancy C, Krumholz H. Cause-Specific Mortality Rates Among the US Black Population. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2436402. PMID: 39348122, PMCID: PMC11443349, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.36402.Commentaries, Editorials and LettersBarriers to Optimal Clinician Guideline Adherence in Management of Markedly Elevated Blood Pressure
Lu Y, Arowojolu O, Qiu X, Liu Y, Curry L, Krumholz H. Barriers to Optimal Clinician Guideline Adherence in Management of Markedly Elevated Blood Pressure. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2426135. PMID: 39106065, PMCID: PMC11304113, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26135.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBarriers to guideline adherenceElectronic health recordsGuideline adherenceClinician adherenceEHR dataElevated blood pressureHypertension managementAnalysis of EHR dataYale New Haven Health SystemSevere hypertensionClinical practice guidelinesAdherence scenariosQualitative content analysisPublic health challengeThematic saturationHealth recordsHealth systemBlood pressureThematic analysisTargeted interventionsManagement of severe hypertensionQualitative studyHealth challengesPractice guidelinesPatient outcomesHypertension Trends and Disparities Over 12 Years in a Large Health System: Leveraging the Electronic Health Records
Brush J, Lu Y, Liu Y, Asher J, Li S, Sawano M, Young P, Schulz W, Anderson M, Burrows J, Krumholz H. Hypertension Trends and Disparities Over 12 Years in a Large Health System: Leveraging the Electronic Health Records. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2024, 13: e033253. PMID: 38686864, PMCID: PMC11179912, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.033253.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsElectronic health recordsRegional health systemImprove hypertension careHealth systemHealth recordsHypertension careDiastolic blood pressureAge-adjusted prevalence ratesNon-Hispanic Black patientsPrevalence ratesLarger health systemCross-sectional analysisTransformation of medical dataLeveraging real-world dataHigh prevalence rateHypertension trendsHypertension prevalenceBlood pressureBlood pressure measurementsHypertension diagnosisPrimary outcomeNational trendsProportion of patientsAntihypertensive medicationsBlack patientsDigital Health Interventions for Hypertension Management in US Populations Experiencing Health Disparities
Katz M, Mszar R, Grimshaw A, Gunderson C, Onuma O, Lu Y, Spatz E. Digital Health Interventions for Hypertension Management in US Populations Experiencing Health Disparities. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2356070. PMID: 38353950, PMCID: PMC10867699, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.56070.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDigital health interventionsHealth disparitiesHealth interventionsSystematic reviewSystolic BPSocial determinants of healthHypertension managementCommunity health workersFactors associated with cardiovascular diseaseDeterminants of healthLeveraging digital healthRemote BP monitoringDigital health technologiesStandard care groupMeta-analysisBlood pressureDiastolic BPPreferred Reporting ItemsControl groupSystolic BP changeBaseline to 6Random-effects modelSkilled nursingCultural tailoringSocial determinantsAssociation of marital/partner status with hospital readmission among young adults with acute myocardial infarction.
Zhu C, Dreyer R, Li F, Spatz E, Caraballo C, Mahajan S, Raparelli V, Leifheit E, Lu Y, Krumholz H, Spertus J, D'Onofrio G, Pilote L, Lichtman J. Association of marital/partner status with hospital readmission among young adults with acute myocardial infarction. PLOS ONE 2024, 19: e0287949. PMID: 38277368, PMCID: PMC10817183, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287949.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMarital/partner statusPsychosocial factorsAcute myocardial infarctionYoung adultsHospital dischargeYear of hospital dischargeYoung acute myocardial infarctionAssociated with 1.3-foldCohort of young adultsLong-term readmissionCox proportional hazards modelsStatus interactionSimilar-aged menMyocardial infarctionProportional hazards modelUnpartnered statusPatient interviewsPhysician panelCardiovascular healthHospital readmissionSocioeconomic factorsAMI survivorsSequential adjustmentCardiac readmissionMultiple imputation
2023
Uncovering heterogeneous cardiometabolic risk profiles in US adults: the role of social and behavioral determinants of health
Ding Q, Lu Y, Herrin J, Zhang T, Marrero D. Uncovering heterogeneous cardiometabolic risk profiles in US adults: the role of social and behavioral determinants of health. BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care 2023, 11: e003558. PMID: 37699720, PMCID: PMC10503393, DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2023-003558.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCardiometabolic risk profileMetabolic risk factorsRace/ethnicityUndiagnosed diabetesUS adultsRisk factorsHealthcare accessNutrition Examination Survey 1999Risk profilePre-diabetes riskPrior diabetes diagnosisExamination Survey 1999Insurance coverageShort sleep durationLower diet qualityEffective prevention strategiesLimited healthcare accessBehavioral determinantsNon-white adultsMiddle-aged adultsHealth insurance coverageLow health insurance coverageCardiometabolic riskDiabetes statusDiabetes riskExcess Mortality and Years of Potential Life Lost Among the Black Population in the US, 1999-2020
Caraballo C, Massey D, Ndumele C, Haywood T, Kaleem S, King T, Liu Y, Lu Y, Nunez-Smith M, Taylor H, Watson K, Herrin J, Yancy C, Faust J, Krumholz H. Excess Mortality and Years of Potential Life Lost Among the Black Population in the US, 1999-2020. JAMA 2023, 329: 1662-1670. PMID: 37191702, PMCID: PMC10189563, DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.7022.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExcess mortality ratesExcess deathsMortality ratePotential lifeWhite populationExcess mortalitySerial cross-sectional studyHighest excess mortality ratesBlack populationCause-specific mortalityCross-sectional studyHigh mortality rateNon-Hispanic whitesYears of lifeUS national dataMiddle-aged adultsCause mortalityHeart diseaseDeath certificatesNon-Hispanic black populationMAIN OUTCOMEAge groupsDisease controlMortalityBlack malesQuantifying Blood Pressure Visit-to-Visit Variability in the Real-World Setting: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Lu Y, Linderman G, Mahajan S, Liu Y, Huang C, Khera R, Mortazavi B, Spatz E, Krumholz H. Quantifying Blood Pressure Visit-to-Visit Variability in the Real-World Setting: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Circulation Cardiovascular Quality And Outcomes 2023, 16: e009258. PMID: 36883456, DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.122.009258.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRetrospective cohort studyBlood pressure valuesPatient characteristicsReal-world settingCohort studyPatient subgroupsYale New Haven Health SystemMean body mass indexSystolic blood pressure valuesBlood pressure visitHistory of hypertensionCoronary artery diseaseManagement of patientsMultivariable linear regression modelsBlood pressure readingsBody mass indexPatient-level measuresBlood pressure variationAbsolute standardized differencesNon-Hispanic whitesAntihypertensive medicationsReal-world practiceVisit variabilityArtery diseaseRegression modelsDeveloping an Actionable Taxonomy of Persistent Hypertension Using Electronic Health Records
Lu Y, Du C, Khidir H, Caraballo C, Mahajan S, Spatz E, Curry L, Krumholz H. Developing an Actionable Taxonomy of Persistent Hypertension Using Electronic Health Records. Circulation Cardiovascular Quality And Outcomes 2023, 16: e009453. PMID: 36727515, DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.122.009453.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAntihypertensive AgentsBlood PressureElectronic Health RecordsFemaleHumansHypertensionMaleMiddle AgedConceptsPersistent hypertensionElectronic health recordsBlood pressureHealth recordsPharmacologic agentsPrescribed treatmentYale New Haven Health SystemTreatment planAdditional pharmacologic agentsAntihypertensive treatment intensificationConsecutive outpatient visitsElevated blood pressurePersistence of hypertensionElectronic health record dataHealth record dataEligible patientsTreatment intensificationChart reviewHispanic patientsOutpatient visitsMean agePharmacological treatmentConventional content analysisHypertensionClinician notes
2022
Trends in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Barriers to Timely Medical Care Among Adults in the US, 1999 to 2018
Caraballo C, Ndumele CD, Roy B, Lu Y, Riley C, Herrin J, Krumholz HM. Trends in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Barriers to Timely Medical Care Among Adults in the US, 1999 to 2018. JAMA Health Forum 2022, 3: e223856. PMID: 36306118, PMCID: PMC9617175, DOI: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2022.3856.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTimely medical careSerial cross-sectional studyNational Health Interview SurveyCross-sectional studyHealth Interview SurveyMedical careLack of transportationEthnic disparitiesHispanics/LatinosWhite individualsEthnicity groupsInterview SurveyCost of careSelf-reported raceStudy cohortClinic hoursMAIN OUTCOMEMedical officesCarePrevalenceLatino individualsBlack individualsSignificant differencesSignificant increasePopulation groupsEvaluation of Temporal Trends in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Sleep Duration Among US Adults, 2004-2018
Caraballo C, Mahajan S, Valero-Elizondo J, Massey D, Lu Y, Roy B, Riley C, Annapureddy AR, Murugiah K, Elumn J, Nasir K, Nunez-Smith M, Forman HP, Jackson CL, Herrin J, Krumholz HM. Evaluation of Temporal Trends in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Sleep Duration Among US Adults, 2004-2018. JAMA Network Open 2022, 5: e226385. PMID: 35389500, PMCID: PMC8990329, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.6385.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultBlack PeopleCross-Sectional StudiesEthnicityFemaleHispanic or LatinoHumansMaleMiddle AgedSleepConceptsCross-sectional studyLong sleep durationSleep durationWhite individualsBlack individualsLatino individualsEthnic differencesSerial cross-sectional studyNational Health Interview Survey dataHealth Interview Survey dataSelf-reported sleep durationShort sleep durationInterview Survey dataMiddle-aged adultsSelf-reported raceEstimated prevalenceMAIN OUTCOMELong sleepSleep deficiencyHigher household incomeEthnic disparitiesAge groupsHealth disparitiesPrevalenceSleep disparitiesHealth status outcomes after spontaneous coronary artery dissection and comparison with other acute myocardial infarction: The VIRGO experience
Murugiah K, Chen L, Dreyer RP, Bouras G, Safdar B, Khera R, Lu Y, Spatz ES, Ng VG, Gupta A, Bueno H, Tweet MS, Spertus JA, Hayes SN, Lansky A, Krumholz HM. Health status outcomes after spontaneous coronary artery dissection and comparison with other acute myocardial infarction: The VIRGO experience. PLOS ONE 2022, 17: e0265624. PMID: 35320296, PMCID: PMC8942215, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265624.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSpontaneous coronary artery dissectionAcute myocardial infarctionAMI patientsCoronary artery dissectionYoung AMI patientsHealth status outcomesHealth status instrumentsSCAD patientsArtery dissectionMyocardial infarctionStatus outcomesPatientsOutcomesHousehold incomeCollege educationInfarctionAnalysis of Dual Combination Therapies Used in Treatment of Hypertension in a Multinational Cohort
Lu Y, Van Zandt M, Liu Y, Li J, Wang X, Chen Y, Chen Z, Cho J, Dorajoo SR, Feng M, Hsu MH, Hsu JC, Iqbal U, Jonnagaddala J, Li YC, Liaw ST, Lim HS, Ngiam KY, Nguyen PA, Park RW, Pratt N, Reich C, Rhee SY, Sathappan SMK, Shin SJ, Tan HX, You SC, Zhang X, Krumholz HM, Suchard MA, Xu H. Analysis of Dual Combination Therapies Used in Treatment of Hypertension in a Multinational Cohort. JAMA Network Open 2022, 5: e223877. PMID: 35323951, PMCID: PMC8948532, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3877.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDual combination therapyUse of ACEIAntihypertensive drug classesProportion of patientsKhoo Teck Puat HospitalCombination therapyUniversity Hospital databaseHospital databaseDrug classesDual combinationSouth Western Sydney Local Health DistrictWestern Sydney Local Health DistrictPatients age 65 yearsSydney Local Health DistrictElectronic health record databasePatients age 18Local Health DistrictAge 65 yearsTreatment of hypertensionHealth record databaseARB monotherapyTreatment escalationAdult patientsCohort studyCombination regimen
2021
Effectiveness of an impedance cardiography guided treatment strategy to improve blood pressure control in a real-world setting: results from a pragmatic clinical trial
Wang L, Lu Y, Wang H, Gu J, J Z, Lian Z, Zhang Z, Krumholz H, Sun N. Effectiveness of an impedance cardiography guided treatment strategy to improve blood pressure control in a real-world setting: results from a pragmatic clinical trial. Open Heart 2021, 8: e001719. PMID: 34580169, PMCID: PMC8477318, DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2021-001719.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAntihypertensive AgentsBlood PressureCardiography, ImpedanceChinaClinical Decision-MakingFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansHypertensionIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedPractice Guidelines as TopicRetrospective StudiesTherapy, Computer-AssistedTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeYoung AdultConceptsBody mass indexPeking University People's HospitalStandard care groupBlood pressure controlSystolic BPHaemodynamic groupsTreatment strategiesImpedance cardiographyBaseline BPBP goalHypertension clinicHaemodynamic profileBP levelsCare groupPeople's HospitalMean baseline systolic BPPressure controlReal-world clinical practiceBaseline systolic BPMean systolic BPDiastolic BP levelsProportion of patientsPragmatic clinical trialsReal-world populationBaseline DBP
2017
Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in China: data from 1·7 million adults in a population-based screening study (China PEACE Million Persons Project)
Lu J, Lu Y, Wang X, Li X, Linderman GC, Wu C, Cheng X, Mu L, Zhang H, Liu J, Su M, Zhao H, Spatz ES, Spertus JA, Masoudi FA, Krumholz HM, Jiang L. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in China: data from 1·7 million adults in a population-based screening study (China PEACE Million Persons Project). The Lancet 2017, 390: 2549-2558. PMID: 29102084, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(17)32478-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsControl of hypertensionBlood pressureAntihypertensive medicationsCardiac Events Million Persons ProjectSelf-reported antihypertensive medication usePopulation-based screening studyPopulation-based screening projectMillion Persons ProjectPrescribed antihypertensive medicationsPrevious cardiovascular eventsAntihypertensive medication useDiastolic blood pressureSystolic blood pressureManagement of hypertensionCalcium channel blockersProportion of participantsSelf-reported diagnosisCommunity-dwelling adultsSex-standardised ratesCardiovascular eventsHypertensive adultsMedication classesHypertension awarenessHypertension prevalenceClinical factorsTrends in obesity and diabetes across Africa from 1980 to 2014: an analysis of pooled population-based studies
Kengne A, Bentham J, Zhou B, Peer N, Matsha T, Bixby H, Di Cesare M, Hajifathalian K, Lu Y, Taddei C, Bovet P, Kyobutungi C, Agyemang C, Aounallah-Skhiri H, Assah F, Barkat A, Romdhane H, Chan Q, Chaturvedi N, Damasceno A, Delisle H, Delpeuch F, Doua K, Egbagbe E, Ati J, Elliott P, Engle-Stone R, Erasmus R, Fouad H, Gareta D, Gureje O, Hendriks M, Houti L, Ibrahim M, Kemper H, Killewo J, Kowlessur S, Kruger H, Laamiri F, Laid Y, Levitt N, Lunet N, Magliano D, Maire B, Martin-Prevel Y, Mediene-Benchekor S, Mohamed M, Mondo C, Monyeki K, Mostafa A, Nankap M, Owusu-Dabo E, de Wit T, Saidi O, Schultsz C, Schutte A, Senbanjo I, Shaw J, Smeeth L, Sobngwi E, Jérome C, Stronks K, Tanser F, Tchibindat F, Traissac P, Tshepo L, Tullu F, Ukoli F, Viswanathan B, Wade A, Danaei G, Stevens G, Riley L, Ezzati M, Mbanya J. Trends in obesity and diabetes across Africa from 1980 to 2014: an analysis of pooled population-based studies. International Journal Of Epidemiology 2017, 46: 1421-1432. PMID: 28582528, PMCID: PMC5837192, DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyx078.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMean body mass indexBody mass indexAge-standardized mean body mass indexPopulation-based studyNon-communicable diseasesWorldwide population-based studyAge-standardized prevalenceBurden of diabetesDiabetes prevalence estimatesPopulation-based surveyDiabetes statusDiabetes prevalenceMass indexControl diabetesDiabetes estimatesDiabetesPrevalence estimatesPrevalenceObesityPositive associationWomenSaharan AfricaSexMenHigher numberSex Differences in Inflammatory Markers and Health Status Among Young Adults With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Lu Y, Zhou S, Dreyer RP, Spatz ES, Geda M, Lorenze NP, D'Onofrio G, Lichtman JH, Spertus JA, Ridker PM, Krumholz HM. Sex Differences in Inflammatory Markers and Health Status Among Young Adults With Acute Myocardial Infarction. Circulation Cardiovascular Quality And Outcomes 2017, 10: e003470. PMID: 28228461, PMCID: PMC5459381, DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.116.003470.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH Keywords1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine EsteraseAdolescentAdultAge of OnsetBiomarkersChi-Square DistributionComorbidityC-Reactive ProteinFemaleHealth Status DisparitiesHumansInflammation MediatorsLinear ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisMyocardial InfarctionProspective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSex FactorsSocioeconomic FactorsUnited StatesUp-RegulationYoung AdultConceptsHigh-sensitivity C-reactive proteinAcute myocardial infarctionHigher inflammatory levelsInflammatory markersPoor health statusHealth statusYoung womenMyocardial infarctionInflammatory levelsTargeted anti-inflammatory treatmentsElevated inflammatory markersResidual cholesterol riskResidual inflammatory riskSex differencesAnti-inflammatory treatmentAnti-inflammatory therapyC-reactive proteinHigher mortality riskYoung menPhospholipase A2Years of ageCardiovascular outcomesMultivariable adjustmentPatient characteristicsSecondary prevention
2016
Sex differences in lipid profiles and treatment utilization among young adults with acute myocardial infarction: Results from the VIRGO study
Lu Y, Zhou S, Dreyer RP, Caulfield M, Spatz ES, Geda M, Lorenze NP, Herbert P, D'Onofrio G, Jackson EA, Lichtman JH, Bueno H, Spertus JA, Krumholz HM. Sex differences in lipid profiles and treatment utilization among young adults with acute myocardial infarction: Results from the VIRGO study. American Heart Journal 2016, 183: 74-84. PMID: 27979045, PMCID: PMC5459396, DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2016.09.012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute myocardial infarctionLipid profileYoung womenLipoprotein cholesterolLipoprotein profileMyocardial infarctionTreatment utilizationLow-density lipoprotein cholesterolHigh-density lipoprotein cholesterolLow HDL cholesterol levelsYoung adultsHigh-intensity doseMajor lipid abnormalitiesSex differencesAdverse lipid profileFavorable lipoprotein profileHDL cholesterol ratioLower total cholesterolHDL cholesterol levelsHigher HDL cholesterolImportant risk factorHigher mortality riskMultivariate regression analysisVIRGO StudyCardiovascular outcomes