Inhibition of GABA interneurons in the mPFC is sufficient and necessary for rapid antidepressant responses
Fogaça MV, Wu M, Li C, Li XY, Picciotto MR, Duman RS. Inhibition of GABA interneurons in the mPFC is sufficient and necessary for rapid antidepressant responses. Molecular Psychiatry 2020, 26: 3277-3291. PMID: 33070149, PMCID: PMC8052382, DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-00916-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGABA interneuronsRapid antidepressant responseMajor depressive disorderAntidepressant effectsSynaptic plasticityAntidepressant responseRapid-acting antidepressantsAcetylcholine muscarinic receptor antagonistMuscarinic receptor antagonistCortical brain areasEffects of scopolamineAntidepressant actionChemogenetic inhibitionGABAergic interneuronsReceptor antagonistDepressive disorderMale miceInterneuron subtypesBrain areasInterneuronsMPFCTransient inhibitionAffective behaviorInhibitionSubtypesGABA interneurons are the cellular trigger for ketamine’s rapid antidepressant actions
Gerhard DM, Pothula S, Liu RJ, Wu M, Li XY, Girgenti MJ, Taylor SR, Duman CH, Delpire E, Picciotto M, Wohleb ES, Duman RS. GABA interneurons are the cellular trigger for ketamine’s rapid antidepressant actions. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2020, 130: 1336-1349. PMID: 31743111, PMCID: PMC7269589, DOI: 10.1172/jci130808.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRapid antidepressant actionsAntidepressant actionGABA interneuronsMedial prefrontal cortexCell-specific knockdownPrinciple neuronsPrefrontal cortexDeletion of GluN2BSingle subanesthetic doseBehavioral actionsAction of ketamineNMDA receptor antagonistExcitatory postsynaptic currentsCellular triggersMajor unmet needKetamine's rapid antidepressant actionsGABA subtypeGluN2B-NMDARsSST interneuronsPostsynaptic currentsReceptor antagonistDepressed patientsSubanesthetic doseExtracellular glutamateMood disorders