Signatures of strong population differentiation shape extended haplotypes across the human CD28, CTLA4, and ICOS costimulatory genes
Butty V, Roy M, Sabeti P, Besse W, Benoist C, Mathis D. Signatures of strong population differentiation shape extended haplotypes across the human CD28, CTLA4, and ICOS costimulatory genes. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2007, 104: 570-575. PMID: 17197413, PMCID: PMC1766426, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0610124104.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAntigens, CDAntigens, DifferentiationAntigens, Differentiation, T-LymphocyteAutoimmunityCD28 AntigensChromosomes, Human, Pair 2CTLA-4 AntigenEthnicityGenetic VariationGenetics, PopulationHaplotypesHumansInducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator ProteinLinkage DisequilibriumLymphocyte ActivationPolymorphism, Single NucleotidePromoter Regions, GeneticT-LymphocytesConceptsLong-range linkage disequilibriumShort genomic intervalsGenomic intervalsCourse of human migrationsDemographic eventsDNA panelLinkage disequilibriumReceptor familyHuman CD28T cell activationMicrobial challengeAllelic variantsHuman populationHaplotypesDifferentiation shapeGenesLociCell activationHuman migrationUnusual differencesCostimulatory genesExtended haplotypesVariantsGeographic regionsCTLA-4