Practice Advisory for Preoperative and Intraoperative Pain Management of Cardiac Surgical Patients: Part 2
Makkad B, Heinke T, Sheriffdeen R, Khatib D, Brodt J, Meng M, Grant M, Kachulis B, Popescu W, Wu C, Bollen B. Practice Advisory for Preoperative and Intraoperative Pain Management of Cardiac Surgical Patients: Part 2. Anesthesia & Analgesia 2023, 137: 26-47. PMID: 37326862, DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006506.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntraoperative pain managementCardiac surgical patientsCardiac surgeryPain managementPractice advisorySurgical patientsEffective postoperative pain controlMultimodal analgesic strategyPostoperative pain controlPain management strategiesCardiac surgical proceduresPreoperative patient evaluationMeaningful patient outcomesHealth care costsAnalgesic strategiesMultimodal analgesicsOpioid exposurePain controlPerioperative usePostoperative distressFunctional recoveryPatient evaluationPatient outcomesRegional techniquesSurgical procedures