Functional disruption in the organization of the brain for reading in dyslexia
Shaywitz S, Shaywitz B, Pugh K, Fulbright R, Constable R, Mencl W, Shankweiler D, Liberman A, Skudlarski P, Fletcher J, Katz L, Marchione K, Lacadie C, Gatenby C, Gore J. Functional disruption in the organization of the brain for reading in dyslexia. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 1998, 95: 2636-2641. PMID: 9482939, PMCID: PMC19444, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.5.2636.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBrain activation patternsActivation patternsDyslexic readersFunctional disruptionFunctional magnetic resonanceAlphabetic charactersRelative underactivationPhonologic awarenessNeural signaturesPhonologic analysisSpoken wordsAnterior regionImpairmentNeural systemsPosterior regionDyslexiaMagnetic resonanceWordsOveractivationBrain