De novo mutations in inhibitors of Wnt, BMP, and Ras/ERK signaling pathways in non-syndromic midline craniosynostosis
Timberlake AT, Furey CG, Choi J, Nelson-Williams C, Loring E, Galm A, Kahle K, Steinbacher D, Larysz D, Persing J, Lifton R, Bilguvar K, Mane S, Tikhonova I, Castaldi C, Knight J. De novo mutations in inhibitors of Wnt, BMP, and Ras/ERK signaling pathways in non-syndromic midline craniosynostosis. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2017, 114: e7341-e7347. PMID: 28808027, PMCID: PMC5584457, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1709255114.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBone morphogenetic proteinRas/ERKDe novo mutationsNovo mutationsRas/ERK pathwayDamaging de novo mutationsHigh locus heterogeneityRare syndromic diseaseCommon risk variantsInhibitor of WntSyndromic craniosynostosesNew genesParent-offspring triosSyndromic diseaseMorphogenetic proteinsNegative regulatorERK pathwayMore cranial suturesGenesMidline craniosynostosisRisk variantsWntLocus heterogeneityMutationsExome sequencing